Transitions Exam 1: Nursing Licensure and Certification/ Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice
Steps in the research process
-Formulate question/Define purpose -Review of literature -Formulate hypothesis and define variables -Select the design -Select the population, sample, and setting -Conduct pilot study -Collect data -Analyze data -Communicate conclusions
Barriers to EBP
-Inadequate knowledge and skills -Cultures steeped in tradition -Misconceptions about time requirements -Lack of leadership support -Lack of EBP mentors at point of care -Discomfort with research terminology
The primary purpose of licensure is protection of the ___________.
public
In order for renewal of MI licensing requirements ____________ continuing education credits are needed over a period of 2 years. _________ credits are needed in pain and pain mgmt. a. 24, 2 b. 25, 2 c. 32, 5 d. 35, 1
B
Purpose: evaluate whether candidate has a minimum level of safe nursing knowledge a. Joint commission b. NCLEX c. State board of nursing d. HR
B
In order to take the NCLEX you must pass your nursing school program, apply to take NCLEX (through Pearson Vue, $200) and receive a. authorization to test ( ATT) b. diploma, ADN c. exit hesi score d. graduation and pinning
A
When delegating care, the RN assigns one nurse to care for a patient with shingles and a different nurse to care for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (HIV/AIDS). This represents which category of nursing care? a. Safe and effective care environment b. Health promotion and maintenance c. Psychosocial integrity d. Teaching/learning
A
Preparation for NCLEX exam
-Needs assessment (self; where to focus studies) -Realistic schedule (the sooner you take the NCLEX = better outcomes; better outcomes taken within 4 months of grad) -Method and materials/resources -Specific plan for each session -Learn concepts, not isolated facts -Practice NCLEX-type questions (Uworld, Saunders review) -NO best review course -Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing
_______ ID # is needed to schedule test (NCLEX)
ATT
There are _______ pre-test items in 1st 60 questions of NCLEX a. 10 b. 15 c. 25 d. 35
B
Match each of the following: 1. Level 1 2. Level 2 3. Level 3 4. Level 4 5. Level 5 6. Level 6 7. Level 7 a. Systematic review of randomized and non-randomized control trials (meta analysis) b. Single qualitative study (physiologic) c. Systematic review of qualitative studies (physiologic) d. Single randomized controlled trial/ non-controlled trial e. Opinions of authorities, expert committees f. Systematic review of correlational/observational study g. Single correlational/ observational study
1. Level 1: a. Systematic review of randomized and non-randomized control trials (meta analysis) 2. Level 2: d: Single randomized controlled trial/ non-controlled trial 3. Level 3: f: Systematic review of correlational/observational study 4. Level 4: Single correlational/ observational study 5. Level 5: c: Systematic review of qualitative studies (physiologic) 6. Level 6: b: Single qualitative study (physiologic) 7. Level 7: e. Opinions of authorities, expert committees
________ ensures informed consent and the Right to: -Privacy -Confidentiality/anonymity -Voluntary participation -Fair treatment -Protection from harm -Withdrawal from study a. Institutional review board b. Board of Nursing c. Nursing Practice Act d. Disclosure agreement
A
maximum number of NCLEX questions
265
minimum number of NCLEX questions
75
"A patient with end-stage renal disease has a potassium level of 7.5 mEq/l. Based on this laboratory result, the nurse interprets which symptom as significant prompting which action? a. Drowsiness, stimulate the patient every 30 minutes b. Confusion, ask the patient to state their name and date of birth c. Irregular heartbeat, evaluate the patient's capillary refill d. Muscle cramps, elevate the affected limb" The above question in italics addresses which category of the NCLEX-RN® test plan and which level of Bloom's taxonomy? a. Physiologic adaptation, application level b. Pharmacologic and parental therapy c. Integrated processes d. Basic care
A
16. The nurse prepares to apply sterile gloves needed for a procedure. After introducing self and verifying patient information, the nurse performs hand hygiene. The nurse should open the outer package and then perform the following steps in order (items on left will be moved in correct order on the right): Open inner package, taking care not to touch inner surface. Put the glove on the nondominant hand using the sterile gloved hand. Put glove on dominant hand by grasping folded cuff edge, touching only inside of cuff. Adjust each glove carefully by sliding finders under the cuffs. The above question represents which type of alternate-format question written at which level of Bloom's taxonomy? a. Drag-and-drop item, comprehension b. Chart exhibit item, analysis c. Multiple-response, application d. Hot-spot item, knowledge
A
A candidate is taking the NCLEX-RN® when the computer turns off. The candidate was aware they had reached the 6-hour time limit. A count of completed questions had been recorded on the note pad, and 100 questions were answered. How will the exam be scored? a. The computer will analyze the last 60 questions and if above the passing standard, the candidate passes. b. The candidate will be administered an additional 50 questions to determine ability to reach the 95% confidence interval. c. If the time runs out, the candidate automatically fails the exam because it is impossible to determine if candidate is safe. d. The candidate has the option to complete a simulated examination to show competence.
A
Graduates from approved schools of nursing cannot sign their charting as registered nurses (RNs) until they: a. pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEXRN® ). b. provide evidence of mental competency. c. supply written proof of physical fitness. d. have signed an employment contract with a health care facility.
A
In the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) exam test plan, client needs form the organizing framework of the exam with questions in four categories: safe and effective care environment, health promotion and maintenance, psychosocial integrity, and physiologic integrity. Certain processes are then integrated throughout the categories of client needs. Which process is integrated into all client need categories? a. Teaching/learning b. Health promotion c. Infection control d. Pharmacology
A
The primary purpose of the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) exam is to: a. ensure that practitioners have the minimum skills and knowledge needed to provide care that will produce the best patient care outcomes. b. regulate nursing education. c. determine the mandatory educational level required for nurses to practice. d. accredit schools of nursing
A
The purpose of ___________ is to: build empirical knowledge in a discipline or profession, validate and refine existing knowledge, and develop new knowledge. a. Research b. Evidence based practice c. Empirical knowledge d. Board of Nursing
A
Which statement concerning the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) exam is correct? a. Graduates from all three types of nursing programs (diploma, associate degree, and baccalaureate degree) take the same examination. b. The examination is scored on an interval scale rather than on a pass-fail basis. c. The examination is offered twice a year in major urban areas. d. The candidate has the option of choosing a pencil-and-paper format
A
___________evidence is composed of knowledge acquired through formal education and training, general experience accumulated from daily practice, and specific experience gained from an individual clinician-patient relationship. __________evidence is accessible information from research (randomized controlled or cohort studies). a. internal, external b. external, internal
A
A nurse is completing the degree requirements for an advanced practice role as a nurse practitioner and is concerned about certification requirements. Which statement concerning certification for advanced practice is true? a. All states require certification for all specialty roles that are identified as advanced practice. b. Nurse anesthetists and nurse-midwives are the only advanced practice role that require certification in the state nurse practice acts. c. Scope of practice remains unclear in state nurse practice acts due to the increasing number of new advanced practice roles. d. Certification is automatic when the nurse applies for an advanced practice license.
A All states require evidence of certification in the specialty area, and many require periods of practice in the specialty prior to awarding certification status.
A nurse who is licensed in Georgia and moves to Oregon: a. must check Oregon's nurse practice act related to licensure for endorsement. b. will automatically be grandfathered in as a licensed registered nurse. c. may request certification in Oregon rather than licensure, so as not to have to retake the NCLEX-RN d. should contact the American Nurses Credentialing Center to determine whether he or she is eligible to practice in an another state.
A Endorsement refers to the original program whereby a nurse who is licensed in one state can apply and seek licensure in another without undergoing repeat examination, in accordance with the nurse practice act of that state.
A nurse is interested in studying the rituals of a tribe living in remote areas of Africa. The researcher is accepted into the tribe and observes firsthand the rituals practiced. Themes were analyzed to arrive at a description of the culture including rituals. The nurse is practicing which type of research? a. Qualitative, Ethnography b. Qualitative, Phenomenology c. Quantitative, Quasi-experimental d. Quantitative, Secondary data analysis
A Ethnography is a method used to study phenomena from a cultural perspective. Ethnographers spend time in the cultural setting with the research participants to observe and better understand their experience.
A nurse is reading an abstract about a study related to Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. The purpose is stated as follows: "To examine the generalizability of two randomized placebocontrolled clinical trials in patients with Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever to determine whether steroid therapy resulted in the positive outcomes." The nurse knows generalizability refers to the: a. conclusion that findings can be generalized from the sample to the entire population. b. fact that the group of steroids used are from the same organic compounds. c. possibility the subjects were carefully selected and that outside influence is thus suspected. d. fact that the type of bacteria carried by ticks is universal.
A Generalizability is the deduction that findings from one study can be applied to other populations not involved in the actual research.
Nurse practice acts: a. are written and passed by legislators. b. cannot be influenced by special interest groups. c. reflect only the concerns of RNs. d. are affected by the practice of dentists.
A Just as other sections of state codes are written and passed by legislators, so is the nurse practice act of each state.
A nurse holds a license in one state but wishes to practice in a second state that is not participating in a nurse licensure compact agreement. The nurse is granted licensure on payment of a fee but does not retake the licensure exam. The nurse obtains licensure in the second state: a. by licensure and by endorsement. b. through mandatory continuing education. c. by the statutory process known as being grandfathered. d. through sunset legislation.
A Licensure by endorsement allows a nurse licensed in one state to obtain licensure to practice in a second state without examination.
A new nurse researcher is interested in tracing the history of nursing research. The researcher learns that nursing research began with: a. the work of Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War. b. studies between 1900 and 1940 following Nightingale's work. c. studies to improve patient care by doctorally prepared nurses. d. studies based on the naturalistic paradigm.
A Nursing research began with the Nightingale during the Crimean War—more can be read in Chapter 1: Evolution of Nursing
Who establishes the "rules" for nursing practice? a. Individual State Boards of Nursing b. Employer, based on area of practice c. United States Department of Health and Human Services d. Local health officials
A The State Practice Act of each state establishes the rules for practice within that state.
A graduate is preparing for the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) examination. Based on the latest practice survey, the candidate would focus the least amount of time on which content? a. Stages of grief b. Pharmacological pain management c. Practices to promote rest and sleep d. Prioritization of workload to manage time effectively
A The least amount of time was spent on psychosocial integrity activities (10%), with equal amounts spent on management of care (14%), basic care and comfort (14%) and pharmacologic and parental therapies (14%).
When participating in a nurse licensure compact, the nurse: a. is held responsible for complying with the nursing practice laws in the state where practicing at the time care is rendered. b. must purchase a license in each state but does not retake the licensure exam. c. determines residency based on the state where educated as registered nurse. d. may practice using one license in any state or territory in the United States that recognizes the NCLEX® as the source of licensure.
A The nurse is accountable for practicing according to the state practice laws where patient care was provided, although disciplinary action is the responsibility of the state of the nurse's residency.
A nurse practicing in the early 1900s was awarded a permissive license. These licenses: a. were voluntary; however, a nurse who failed the exam could not use the title RN. b. required a maximum of 1 year of formalized nurse training. c. allowed nurses who did not pass the licensure exam to still practice. d. allowed nurses the choice of taking a written or oral licensure exam.
A These permissive licenses permitted but did not require nurses to become registered.
Which organization provides federal funding for research? a. National Institute of Nursing Research b. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation c. W. K. Kellogg Foundation d. Sigma Theta Tau International
A The National Institute of Nursing Research is a federal agency that provides federal funding for health care research.
The use of research to guide nursing practice is called: a. utilization. b. dissemination. c. generalizability. d. analysis.
A Utilization of research guides nursing practice. Clinical agencies need to make a commitment to implementing research findings and then developing policies and procedures to guide the implementation process.
Which of the following are true reguarding NCLEX questions: a. Statistics gathered b. Evaluated for Bias c. Readability d. Randomly intermixed e. Not used to determine candidate's ability
A, B, C
The informed consent documents must include: (Select all that apply.) a. an explanation of potential risks and benefits to participants in the study. b. medical terminology rather than lay terms to prevent misunderstanding of the study. c. a statement on how the anonymity and confidentiality of participants are protected. d. explanation of the cost of the study. e. details on how to contact the investigator.
A, C, E Correct: a. Informed consent explains the study to the participants and assures them of their rights, including their right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from the study. c. The informed consent must include protection of anonymity and confidentiality, voluntary participation, compensation, and alternative treatment. e. The informed consent must include specific information on how to contact the investigator.
A researcher seeks funding from an agency that limits studies to quantitative research. The researcher can select from which of the following study designs? (Select all that apply.) a. Survey b. Grounded theory c. Phenomenology d. Needs assessment e. Experimental
A, D, E Correct: a. Surveys collect demographics, social characteristics, behavioral patterns, and information bases. d. Needs assessments are used to determine what is most beneficial to aggregates. e. The experimental method establishes cause-and-effect relationships while also testing relationships
A nursing student is in the final term of an Associate Science of Nursing (ASN) program and is preparing for licensure. Prior to licensure the candidate must provide evidence of: (Select all that apply.) a. graduation from a nursing program. b. graduation from high school or high school equivalency. c. evidence of current malpractice insurance. d. evidence of plan to continue study to obtain a minimum of a BSN within 2 years. e. validation of skills competence provided by a certifying agency.
ANS: A, B Correct: a. Candidates for licensure must provide evidence of graduation through transcripts of course work or letter from the Dean/Director of the nursing program. b. All candidates must show evidence of graduating from high school or earning a GED.
A group of graduates were just notified that they had successfully passed the licensure examination. During the orientation process at the hospital, one asks, "I am looking at my license, but I don't really know the duties performed by the board of nursing." The staff development nurse explains that the board of nursing: (Select all that apply.) a. grants nursing licensure. b. constructs the licensure examination. c. assigns disciplinary action when the nurse acts in a manner that results in harm to a patient. d. members are appointed. e. conducts certification examinations for advanced practice nurses.
ANS: A, C, D Correct: a. The board of nursing ensures that nursing licenses are granted and renewed. c. The board of nursing assigns disciplinary action when provisions of the nurse practice act are violated. d. Members are appointed.
A nurse researcher who is seeking funding for a study should identify _____ of funding agencies. a. board members b. priorities c. budgets d. accreditation
ANS: B Correct: The priorities of funding agencies indicate their preferences for funding; these are more likely to be funded than are studies that are not aligned with funding preferences.
A nurse who wishes to practice in another state: (Select all that apply.) a. must retake the NCLEX® -RN for that state. b. should determine whether the state is a compact state. c. may obtain licensure by endorsement. d. must revoke licensure in the current state because nurses cannot be licensed in more than one state concurrently.
ANS: B, C Correct: b. If the state is a member of a compact state, that state has established an agreement with other states under which nurses are permitted to practice within the state without additional licensure. c. Licensure by endorsement refers to the original program whereby nurses who are licensed in one state seek licensure in another state without repeat examination.
A researcher is interested in quality of life and after an extensive literature review quantitatively integrates data from identified studies and describes the findings. This researcher is using which approach? (Select all that apply.) a. Survey b. Triangulation c. Meta-analysis d. State of the science summary e. Quasi-experimental design
ANS: C, D Correct: c. Meta-analysis is an advanced process whereby multiple research studies on a specific topic are reviewed, and the findings of these multiple studies are statistically analyzed. d. State of the science summary is a merging of findings from several studies that explored the same topic.
Nurses today accept licensure as part of the journey to becoming a registered nurse, but this has not always been true. Trace the history of licensure and place each phase in chronological order. Put a comma and space between each answer choice (for example: a, b, c, d, e). a. Mandatory licensure with standardized NCLEX by State Board Pool with individual content tested b. Each nation and state examined and licensed nurses with a voluntary permissive license issued c. Registry of nurses instituted to ensure competency of hospital training programs d. NCLEX® -RN exam administered to nursing content integrated in one exam section e. ANA designed model practice acts to base licensure exam
ANS: c, b, e, a, d c. Initially, the first attempt at formalized training in the United States came with hospital training program and a registry was developed to ensure competency of RN since training varied between institutions. b. The International Council of Nurses passed a resolution that each nation and state examine and license nurses with a permissive license issued-it was voluntary. e. ANA designed model practice acts from which licensure was based. a. Mandatory licensure was instituted, the NLN standardized nursing licensure testing procedures and each content area was tested and evaluated separately. d. Today's NCLEX-RN exam was developed in which all content areas are integrated in one exam section.
Development and validation of the body of knowledge and foundation on which practice is based is called ____________.
ANS: research Research refines and enhances new and existing knowledge and provides accountability for nursing practice.
The National Council of State Boards of Nursing determines acceptable National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) exam questions on the basis of: a. the geographic location of the candidate. b. research that indicates needed skills for positions in which most entry level nurses are employed. c. surveys conducted by employers to determine the weaknesses of entry level nurses. d. surveys of physicians performed to determine what nurses must know to provide safe care.
B
Although the NCLEX-RN® exam has new formats for questions, the most common format is the: a. fill-in-the-blank item, because candidates are not provided with clues from distracters. b. multiple-choice question item, which allows candidates to select the one correct answer. c. multiple-response item, because these questions require a higher level of critical thinking. d. hot-spot item, because these questions are written at the application level of Bloom's analysis.
B
The following statement is an example of a sacred cow: a. "EBP says that patinets who are closest to the nurses desk fall less frequently" b. "We've always done it this way before and it's always worked" c. "It's important to know your facilities policies and procedures" d. " There is less focus on EBP in ADN programs compared to BSN programs"
B
_________ data is defined as a statistical analysis of numerical data with the goal of gaining generalized knowledge from sample to larger populations. Multiple studies are needed for conclusive knowledge. Whereas _________ data is defined as discovery rather than verification. It explores phenomena, interviews, focus groups; where common themes are grouped together and identified. a. Qualitative, quantitative b. Quantitative, Qualitative
B
A group of registered nurses with associate degrees (ASN) are concerned that the minimum educational standard for licensure as a registered nurse is being raised to the bachelor's (BSN) level. After contacting the American Nurses Association, they learn they will be "grandfathered" in. Under the "grandfather clause," nurses with associate degrees will: a. be required to complete a bridge program to earn a BSN and then be tested only on material that was not part of the ASN curriculum. b. continue to use the title "registered nurse." c. have 10 years to obtain a BSN or the license will be revoked. d. use whatever title is established for associate degree nurses.
B All ASNs licensed before the change would be "grandfathered" in, allowing them to use the title of RN.
Nurses in Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas gather for a conference related to improving quality and safety in practice and nursing education. They are awarded continuing education (CE) credit for participation and evaluation of the conference. One nurse from California states, "I need these CEs to renew my license." The nurse from Mississippi replies, "You do not need CEs for license renewal or advance practice certification renewal." Which statement about CEs would help these nurses? a. All states require proof of continuing education for renewal of license with the number of hours varying. b. The purpose of continuing education is to ensure competence of the workforce after graduation, but each state determines if CEs are required. c. Continuing education is required if nurses work across state lines. d. Initial licensure provides evidence of a minimum safety and competence, so it is illegal for states to require continuing education for renewal of license.
B CE is important to ensure continued competency, and each state determines if CEs are mandatory for renewal and how many units are needed.
Computerized adaptive testing implies that: a. the candidate must be computer literate. b. competency is determined on the basis of difficulty of questions, knowledge of the nursing process, and the number of questions answered correctly. c. testing facilities have been adapted for the physically challenged candidate. d. questions cannot be adapted to the needs of the student.
B Computerized adaptive testing is based on the measurement theory, by which the candidate must prove with a score of 95% that he or she is safe and knowledgeable at entry into the practice level.
A qualitative researcher reviews data collected with a grief support group to develop a theory of how widows and widowers mourn. The researcher is using which qualitative research design? a. Phenomenology b. Grounded theory c. Case study d. Hypothesis generation
B Grounded theory is a qualitative research approach that describes a social process and has theory generation as its main purpose.
The research hypothesis is that aromatherapy reduces stress more effectively than does acupuncture. The researcher does not identify a control group. This study would be a(n) _________ design. a. experimental b. quasi-experimental c. survey d. meta-analysis
B In quasi-experimental studies, a control group, randomization, or the manipulation of one or more variables is missing.
When practicing in a compact state: a. the nurse must abide solely by the practice act of the largest state. b. patients' rights in relation to the nurse practice act are protected by the mutual recognition model. c. the nurse must pay for a license in all states that participate in the mutual recognition model. d. the nurse must refer to the nurse practice act for the list of skills that can be performed.
B Nurses who practice in a compact state are responsible for following the laws and regulations of each state in which they practice.
Nurses on a busy medical schedule want to reduce documentation time and improve order entry. Additionally, patient records from previous visits are often incomplete or do not include care from other providers. To improve patient care, a taskforce suggests using an Electronic Medical Record for 1 month to determine whether this provides the desired outcomes. This unit is participating in which type of study? a. Ethnography b. Pilot c. Secondary data analysis d. Phenomenology
B Pilot studies are small-scale studies often referred to as feasibility studies to determine if a larger more sophisticated research study is needed.
A researcher is interested in learning if elderly persons perceive their health to be satisfactory even with comorbidities and chronic illness. A large multisite assistive living facility will be the site. The researcher lists residents in alphabetical order and chooses every third person on the list. To ensure improved generalizability, the researcher is using: a. triangulation. b. randomization. c. informed consent. d. a meta-analysis approach.
B Randomization is a method of choosing subjects based on chance alone.
On the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) exam, when the candidate is asked to set goals in collaboration with other members of the health care team, the nurse is being tested in the area of: a. assessment. b. planning. c. analysis. d. implementation.
B Setting goals is one of the first steps in the planning process.
A candidate who is taking the NCLEX-RN® exam received only 75 questions before the test was stopped. She called her professor and stated, "I passed. I had to answer only 75 questions." The professor correctly responds by saying: a. "You are now officially licensed; you answered the more difficult questions correctly." b. "It is possible to receive only 75 questions and not be successful; however, we will keep a positive attitude." c. "If you were given only 75 questions, you will have to retest because this is not enough to determine competency." d. "You must have been extremely close to the passing standard because the computer shut off."
B Seventy-five questions is the minimum number of questions that can determine 95% competency of the candidate; however, receiving 75 questions can indicate that the candidate passed and was able to answer a broad range of questions covering the nursing process at higher cognitive levels, or it can mean that the candidate failed, answered even the lowest cognitive level questions incorrectly, and was unprepared in area/s of the nursing process.
To ensure that nursing legislation is current and is reviewed by specific dates, if a nurse practice act fails to be reviewed, it is automatically rescinded under which law? a. Nurse review act b. Sunset legislation c. Mandatory revocation d. Grandfathering
B Sunset legislation may be included in a state's nurse practice act, and this means that the act must be reviewed by a specific date; if not, it is automatically rescinded.
A public health nurse is interested in determining which educational programs are needed in the aggregates served. The researcher personally interviews individuals who are walking on the streets in the community. This type of research design is: a. quasi-experimental. b. survey. c. case study. d. ethnography.
B Survey is a nonexperimental research design that focuses on obtaining information regarding the status quo of some situation, often through direct questioning of participants.
Current trends in telecommunications and increased mobility of nurses have led to approval of a mutual recognition model of nursing regulation, in which nurses are allowed to practice in states that are compact states without obtaining a license in each state. On which website would a nurse find a list of current compact states? a. National League for Nursing (NLN) b. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) d. Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE)
B The NCSBN website contains this information.
A researcher conducts a survey to determine the perceived health status of elderly persons living independently at home. The same subjects participate in a phone call in which they describe the lived experience of living with chronic illness. When writing up the research study, the nurse would describe using: a. a control group. b. triangulation. c. a pilot study. d. secondary data analysis.
B Triangulation is the use of a variety of methods to collect data on the same concept—in this situation, quantitative research through survey and qualitative research through phenomenology.
A collection of facts believed to be true a. Evidenced based practice b. Data c. Evidence d. Statistics
C
EBP = Quadruple Aim of Healthcare a. Enhance the clinical experience, gain evidence through research and implementation (EBP), higher levels of engagement, teamwork, and job satisfaction (improved clinician experience), and improved outcomes. b. Enhanced quality of life, longevity, increased cost, and higher levels of engagement, teamwork, and job satisfaction (improved clinician experience) c. Enhance the patient experience (includes quality), improved population health (better outcomes), decreased cost, and higher levels of engagement, teamwork, and job satisfaction (improved clinician experience) d. Quality and safety, nursing practice act, BON, and Joint Commission
C
EBP uses ___________ evidence to translate evidence into practice: a. internal b. external c. internal and external
C
On the basis of changes effective with the April 2010 test plan, candidates who take the NCLEX-RN® exam: a. will have to answer more than 75 questions to be 95% certain that they are above the passing standard. b. will be required to submit a 100-word essay on an important nursing topic to evaluate safe nursing practice. c. should study and take practice examinations written at the application and analysis level to ensure that they can meet the higher standards of nursing care and health care delivery. d. will have additional time to complete the examination because most questions will be prepared in the alternate format, thereby requiring critical thinking
C
You must apply for licensure through: a. LARA b. Mi-PLUS c. Michigan Board of Nursing d. The Joint Commission
C
A nurse studied a community to determine if there were clients who would benefit from a hospice program if one were developed. This type of research is: a. a survey. b. quasi-experimental. c. a needs assessment method. d. a pilot study.
C A needs assessment method is a study in which the researcher collects data for the purpose of estimating the needs of a group; the method is commonly used to prioritize the needs of an organization or community.
A nurse interested in life satisfaction among patients receiving hemodialysis reviews databases and identifies relevant studies which are then statistically analyzed providing generalization through multiple studies. The nurse researcher is using which type of research? a. Quasi-experimental b. Secondary analysis c. Meta-analysis d. Survey
C Meta-analysis uses the analysis of several research studies to validate smaller studies, allowing generalization.
A nurse is interested in understanding the meaning of the human experience of surviving polio. Subject recruitment targets persons who have been diagnosed with the disease. The researcher reflects on the data and identifies common themes in order to understand the "lived experience." These characteristics are consistent with the qualitative research method known as: a. grounded theory. b. ethnography. c. phenomenology. d. case study.
C Phenomenology is a qualitative research design that uses inductive descriptive methodology to describe the lived experiences of study participants.
The primary purpose of licensure for RNs is to: a. prevent others from using the title nurse. b. demonstrate a specialized body of knowledge. c. protect the public. d. enhance recognition for the profession
C Protecting the public is one of the essential purposes of the state board of nursing, which regulates licensure.
Which type of data analysis results in the non-numerical organization of data? a. Descriptive b. Inferential c. Qualitative d. Quantitative
C Qualitative data analysis results in the organization of words or phrases, not numbers. Interviews are reviewed and are transcribed line by line in an effort to group common conceptual meanings.
A student nurse who is preparing to graduate and take the licensure examination asks, "What is compulsory licensure?" The appropriate response of the nursing advisor is which of the following? a. All candidates wishing to take the licensure examination must pass a drug screen. b. Candidates must not have a felony conviction. c. To practice as an RN, the nurse must be licensed as an RN. d. An impaired nurse must sign a legal document to acknowledge limitations on his or her practice.
C Licensure is a prerequisite for practice to ensure public safety
Institutional review boards determine whether research studies involving human subjects will: a. be published. b. add to the body of nursing knowledge. c. cause harm. d. receive funding.
C The institutional review board (also called the human subjects committee) examines research proposals to ensure that the ethical rights of those individuals participating in the research study are protected. This board makes sure that persons who participate in research are assured that their right to privacy, confidentiality, fair treatment, and freedom from harm is protected.
The advanced practice nurse who is seeking information about requirements for practice in a specialized area should contact the: a. American Nurses Association (ANA). b. National League for Nursing (NLN). c. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC). d. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).
C The nurse should contact the ANCC to determine the education, experience, and examination requirements that must be met if one is to become certified.
Which statements concerning licensure as a registered nurse are correct? (Select all that apply.) a. Nurses who graduate from different types of nursing education programs are granted different types of licenses, those with a baccalaureate degree having the most expanded role. b. A nursing license cannot be revoked, only suspended. c. Each nurse practice act describes requirements for initial licensure. d. It is illegal for states to ask about the mental or physical status of an applicant. e. Students who graduate in the top 10% of their class are exempt from taking the NCLEX® -RN for licensure. f. Candidates for licensure must present proof of graduation as required by the state.
C, F Correct: c. A section of each nurse practice act describes requirements and procedures that are necessary for initial licensure f. Candidates for licensure must submit evidence of graduation as defined by each state.
"No matter how smart you are, we have questions harder than you." Not designed to get 90% First question - 50% chance of answering correctly Computer re-estimates your ability, then selects the next item. REPEAT .. the above statements define a. NCLEX b. computer generated testing c. brain dumping d. computer adaptive resting
D
A patient is brought to the unit with mediastinal chest tubes with no fluctuation in the water seal chamber; arterial blood gas results reveal pH, 7.55; CO2 , 55; HCO, 28 mEq/L, and O2 , 98%. Carotid artery pulsation is visible with the head of the bed elevated and the use of tangential lighting. The first action of the nurse is to: The above question represents which level of Bloom's taxonomy? a. Knowledge b. Comprehension c. Application d. Analysis
D
Research that is the foundation for practice decisions, applied to specific clinical topics is called ________: a. Maslow's hierarchy of needs b. Scope of practice c. Meta analysis d. Evidence based practice
D
Sample, tool/instrument, data collection, analysis are examples of: a. Evidence based practice b. Data c. Tools d. Methodology
D
The length of the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) exam is based on the: a. last four numbers of the candidate's social security number. b. location of testing. c. candidate's educational preparation. d. performance of the candidate.
D
Which strategy would promote a high rate of success on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) examination? a. Since the exam is time limited, skip questions when unsure of the answer and return later if time permits. b. Work quickly through the exam to answer as many questions as possible. c. Mark questions that may need to have the answer reviewed to make it possible to quickly go back and make change after answering all questions. d. Read the entire question and all possible answer options before selecting an answer.
D
__________ has recently been added to michigan renewal/continuing education, licensure requirements: a. pain and pain management b. pediatrics c. safety d. human trafficking
D
A nurse is interested in learning how reminiscence therapy can improve memory in cognitively intact persons over the age of 65 years. Findings from three groups are compared. Group 1 receives music therapy, Group 2 receives life review therapy, and Group 3 does not receive therapy, but data are collected from all three groups and compared. Group 3 is known as the: a. pilot study. b. survey. c. needs assessment. d. control group.
D A control group is a set subjects in an experiment who do not receive the experimental treatment and whose performance provides a baseline against which the effects of the treatment can be measured.
A graduate of a nursing school in the United States plans to practice nursing in Paris, France. To request licensure to practice in Paris, the nurse: a. must contact the Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools to complete a special examination. b. realizes that education in the United States is so generalized that he or she is eligible to practice in other countries without additional licensure. c. is required to take a language proficiency examination for the primary language of that particular country, as well as a cultural assessment test, prior to licensure. d. should contact the International Council of Nurses or the nursing regulatory board of that country.
D A nurse who is interested in practicing internationally may contact the International Council of Nurses or the nursing regulatory board of the country in which he or she wishes to practice.
A new graduate from a master's entry program in nursing announces, "I just passed my clinical nurse leader certification exam." Certification as a clinical nurse leader: a. is granted by the state boards of nursing. b. denotes minimum level of knowledge and skills to practice safely. c. allows independent nursing practice, often in primary care. d. recognizes achievement of advanced skills and knowledge.
D Certification provides validation of achievement of advanced education and competence
The first field of nursing to certify advanced practitioners was the field of: a. adult nurse practitioners. b. nurse-midwifery. c. clinical nurse specialist. d. nurse anesthesia.
D In 1946, nurse anesthesia became the first field of nursing practice to certify advanced practitioners.
Which action would help a student successfully prepare for the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN® ) examination? a. Make note cards that can easily be retrieved to list only facts. b. Avoid timing oneself while studying and when in the actual testing mode to decrease anxiety. c. Ask peers for help because they had the same resources; especially seek their help for difficult concepts requiring critical thinking. d. Practice taking NCLEX-RN® exam-type questions and reviewing rationales for correct and incorrect answers.
D Practicing helps the student learn how questions are presented and what level of difficulty should be anticipated. Reviewing rationales for the answers is a teaching/learning opportunity that enables the student to judge whether the rationale used to answer the question is valid.
Which statement about qualitative research is correct? a. Qualitative research requires less time than quantitative research because complex statistical analysis is not necessary. b. To be statistically significant, qualitative studies must consist of large, randomly selected sample sizes. c. Because qualitative studies deal with human concepts such as suffering and quality of life, results can be generalized. d. Interviews are the primary means of collecting data that enable the researcher to describe unclear phenomena.
D Qualitative research involves ambiguous concepts. Analysis of interviews with participants who are experiencing the phenomena enables the researcher to describe unclear phenomena.
NCLEX study plan Client Needs/Safe and Effective Care Environment -Management of care, 17-23% -Safety and infection control, 9-15% -Health promotion and maintenance, 6-12% -Psychosocial Integrity, 6-12% -Physiological Integrity, 6-12% -Basic care and comfort, 6-12% -Pharm and parenteral therapies, 12-18% -Psychosocial adaptation, 11-17%
Integrated through all categories: -Nursing Process (ADPIE) -Caring (Communication model) -Communication (therapeutic communication) and Documentation -Teaching and Learning
First state with mandatory licensure for nurses
New York
First (3) states to have permissive nursing licensure
New york, new jersey, virginia
Research
Process of systematic inquiry or study
Purpose of Licensure
To protect the public
True or False: A significant barrier to EBP is that many nurses see it as an "add on" on top of current standards of practice.
True
Order the steps of the EVP process a -Ask: formulate an answerable clinical question b -Apply: integrate the results with your clinical expertise and your patients values/ local conditions c -Assess: track down the best evidence d -Assess: evaluate the effectiveness of the process e -Appraise: appraise the evidence for its validity
a -Ask: formulate an answerable clinical question c -Assess: track down the best evidence e -Appraise: appraise the evidence for its validity b -Apply: integrate the results with your clinical expertise and your patients values/ local conditions d -Assess: evaluate the effectiveness of the process
a. True or false: the 2016 NCLEX Test Plan will be used until April 2019 b. True or false: There will be no changes in NCLEX content percentages c. True or false: Select All that Apply (SATA) usually have 4-5 options d. True or false: The "pools" of questions are rotated annually e. "Brain Dump" is not allowed
a. True b. True c. False (5-6) d. False (quarterly) e. False brain dump is allowed
Licensure has undergone many stages. Place these stages in chronological order. Put a comma and space between each answer choice (for example: a, b, c, d, e). a. The International Council of Nurses passed a resolution stating that each nation and state must examine and license its own nurses. b. Hospitals established training programs to prepare staff to work in their institutions. c. The model nurse practice act provided guidelines for state boards of nursing. d. Much variability was noted between states regarding nursing education requirements. e. Permissive licensure standardized the minimum education requirement at 2 years.
b, a, e, d, c
