TV/Radio: Ratings

Commercial TV and radio stations must serve four functions:

1) administrative 2) technical 3) programming 4) sales (SPAT)

Networks provide: (4)

1) structured schedule of network programs (with some local avails) 2) simultaneous program distribution 3) an appealing advertising environment 4) a sales organization that finds national clients to purchase advertisements

Commercial Broadcast Station

1) they are licensed by fed. gov. to serve a specific community 2) they carry commercial messages for compensation 3) the encompass both transmission and programming functions

amount of network programming cleared:

90% is cleared. Station gets to sell all advertising avails

Households Using Television (HUT)

a measure of how many households have their sets on during a given time period

Persons Using Radio (PUR)

a measure of how many persons have their radios on during a given time period

O & O

a station that is owned and operates by a network

Rating

measures the number of TV households watching a particular program; (# of households watching)/(# of households in DMA)

Duopoly rule

owning more than one station per market used to be forbidden...been replaced by a complex formula. (rare)

Random Sampling

rating services for TV and radio use this survey method for determining the audience size of a particular program

"Sweeps"

ratings period. February, May, July, November are ratings periods for TV

Cume

the # of different listeners over a period of many hours, or during the same period over several days

Share

the percentage of households that have their sets on and are watching, during a given time period; (# of households watching)/(# of households w/ sets on)

Sampling

the process of studying some people to represent the behavior of all

Television Networks

two or more TV stations interconnected for the primary purpose of simultaneous broadcasting of the same program. TV networks and Cable networks are different

Area of Dominant Influence (ADI)

used by Arbitron for radio ratings

Designated Market Area (DMA)

used by the Nielson for TV ratings