TX256 Journalism 7-12
A journalism teacher is reviewing tips on writing better leads. The teacher presents the class with different leads to the same story about a winter snowstorm. The teacher asks the students to choose one lead and explain why it is the best. Using this strategy helps the students realize that
"Why" and "how" are more important in leads than "who" and "what"
Frederick Douglass
(1817-1895) American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer. He published his biography, The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and founded the abolitionist newspaper, the North Star.
Macro Lens
A lens type for taking photographs unusually close to the subject.
What is a legal responsibility not required by online journalists?
A responsibility to identify clearly when a company mentioned in an article has paid the writer of the article for the mention of the product.
Edward Murrow
An American journalist who criticized McCarthyism and helped bring about the eventual censure of Joseph McCarthy by the U.S. government.
Prior Restraint
An action taken by various branches of government to prevent release of information to public
Fair use
An element of US copyright law that allows limited use of material without requiring the permission of the copyright holder
A student reporter is interviewing the superintendent and the HS principal for a story about the school's building expansion project. Which of the following is the most appropriate way for the student to generate questions for the story?
Asking open-ended questions and researching the project before the interview
Katherine Graham
Assumed control of the Washington posit in 1963. First woman to hold a top position at a major american newspaper 1917-2001
Telephoto lens
At 85 mm lens with a longer focal length than standard, giving a narrow field of view and a magnified image.
Which point should a journalism teacher adviser stress when helping student journalists to write appropriate two-line headlines?
Avoid awkward break lines
The following is the first sentence of the caption that a photo editor created for a photo from a school bake sale: "The Student Council sells the last red velvet cupcakes during the bake sale last Friday". Which is the most appropriate feedback to give the photo editor to improve the caption?
Avoid incongruity by using time element as adjectival information. Suggested improvement: "The Student Council sells the final red velvet cupcake of last Friday's bake sale"
Hourglass approach
Chronological telling criminal trials/police stories
Which of the following best describes an effect of cross-media ownership in contemporary journalism?
Conglomerates form when one media company buys out another type of media company
Cookie Roberts
Contemporary journalist who is most famous for her political commentary and syndicated columns
Which of the following best demonstrates the journalistic principles of headline writing?
Controversial $20 million school budget passes in 4 to 3 vote
The introduction of digital files as a way to save photographic work
Controversial effect on copy right issues
Near v Minnesota (1931)
Court ruled that the government may limit information about troop movement in time of war
Lead
Critical for attracting the readers attention. Should include the essential facts with each sentence and paragraph building upon the last
A middle school usually prints its newspaper in black and white, but for a special homecoming edition, the staff wants to add the school color, purple, to the front page. Which of the following color systems is the most appropriate and least expensive to print?
Cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK)
Prior to 1980, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) maintained strict rules on broadcast media ownership. Since then, the FCC has eliminated most of those restrictions through a process called
Deregulation
Which of the following elements is most directly responsible for creating a focal point in a design?
Dominance
Distribution list
Essential to any kind of distribution. The students will be able to sign off that they received a book, and staff can keep track of who's picked up a book.
To help students become more comfortable with the demands of being on a newspaper staff, the teacher arranges to have them visit the city's local newspaper office. However, a few parents questioned the educational value of the field trip. Which of the following will best help the teacher resolve the situation?
Explaining the purpose of the trip to parents and inviting them to join
A student is taking photos for a newspaper article about a rash of cell phone thefts on campus. As anonymous source provides a tip as to where the missing cell phones may be found. The student believes that it is possible to use a zoom lens and capture a photo of possible evidence through a window at another student's house. Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the teacher to the student?
Explaining to the student why taking the photo would be unethical and potentially illegal
Which of the following best describes a primary difference between feature stories and news stories?
Feature stories are human-interest articles that focus on particular people, places and events, while news stories report the latest news.
Which of the following should be the first consideration when designing a print advertisement to promote a product?
Focusing on the benefit of the product for the audience
Variety
Gives an artwork interest and validity
John Peter Zenger
Historical figure associated with libel
Editorial
Individual opinion of a journalism regarding a specific event or issue
Conglomerates
International companies that own different types of media across different platforms. They are the result of cross-media ownership, which is a term applied to the practice of one media company buying out another type of media company
A yearbook teacher organizes a staff field trip to an overnight yearbook camp, where the students will have the opportunity to learn various techniques and work together to come away with a theme. Which of the following is the most important benefit of this practice?
It allows the students to collaborate and share ideas
Which of the following is a primary reason for students to use as journalism stylebook?
It provides essential principles for both conventional language and journalistic techniques
Ida Tarbell
Known for investigative reporting that exposed unfair practices of the Standard Oil Company, leading to US Supreme Court decision to break its monopoly
Telephoto
Lenses that would be most appropriate for sports journalist covering a soccer game
A middle school yearbook staff is at a loss about how to plan for the distribution of their books. Which of the following is the best suggestion the adviser can provide about how to begin?
Making a list, because compiling receipts and names will make the process run more smoothly.
Workshops, camps, and outside activities
Meant as a bonding experience for any yearbook staff. Gives the staff an opportunity to partake in team-building activities, share ideas with one another and ultimately work toward the specific goal of coming away with a theme
A student photographer is disappointed with the photos from a recent shoot. The student sits down and evaluates the photo with the teacher who says they lack dimension. Which of the following should the student do next time to best improve photo composition?
Move to the side of the subject to show different planes
Which of the following journalists is famous for exposing the squalid conditions of New York's Blackwell Island Asylum and sparking reform around the country?
Nellie Bly
Which of the following statements describes the impact of technology on television audiences during the 1980s and 1990s?
New technologies began to split audiences into smaller segments that eroded the dominance of television broadcasting
Trapped White space
Occurs when a blank space appears on the page. It can occur between a headline and graphic illustration.it occurs when a news story text is too short to fill space down to the headline.
Edward Murrow
One of the first journalists to move successfully from Radio to TV. 1908-1965 WWII - Hear it now to See it now
Feature News Article
People, issues, and events-- Soft news
Katherine Graham and Benjamin Bradlee
Played a major role in uncovering the water gate scandal in the 1970s
CMYK
Process printing uses same base colors all the time, making it more cost-efficient solution. This is the industry standard for printers
Olivia, a HS junior, has just finished a paper for her journalism class. She has paraphrased and cited her sources in her bibliography to the best of her ability, but as she rereads the paper, she is concerned about possible plagiarism. If she brings the paper to her teacher for advice, which of the following is the best response by the teacher to help avoid any plagiarism issues?
Recommencing that Olivia use specific names rather than pronouns in the paper to avoid ambiguity
During a meeting with a principal, the school's newspaper adviser and editor-in-chief learn that budget cuts are looming and that the school will no longer be able to finance the newspaper. Which of the following actions should be taken first to promote the long-term stability of the paper?
Reducing the number of pages per edition
Citizen Journalism
Refers to the collection of news and information by individuals without formal journalism training. Ex: Photos taken with a camera phone at a breaking news scene
Contrast
Refers to the degree of tones in an image
Balance
Refers to the distribution of elements
Harmony
Refers to the elements of design that work together
Dominance
Refers to the focus given to a specific part of a work or design
Ms. Potello wants her students to become more critical of information they find online. She asks them to search the internet for articles about the latest treatments for common diseases. One students discovers an article that describes the benefits of an innovative new treatment for diabetes. Which of the following steps will help students evaluate the legitimacy of the claim?
Researching the back ground of the article's author and sponsors & Comparing the benefits of the treatment listed in the article with the benefits listed in other articles on the topic
Which of the following best describes the impact of Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier decision on school newspaper?
Schools may limit what is published in their newspapers if the content causes legitimate academic distress
Hearst's New York Journal
Sensationalized coverage of events in Cuba and prompted what became the Spanish-American War
Decorative fonts
Should be used sparingly, including three in a single ad may cause conflict with the design
Caption
Should tie the information in the photo to the information in the article
Broadcast students are producing a video news story about an upcoming community-wide parade celebrating the volleyball team's state championship. They have conducted several interviews and need to choose which sound bites to include. Which of the following sound bites targets the student audience using an emotional appeal?
Student: "we're pimped! I've got the purple face paint and he's got the purple wig. It's going to get crazy!"
A journalism teachers asks students to locate the public financial information for each of the major TV networks and daily newspapers. What is one lesson that students can learn from this exercise?
That media companies are for-profit enterprises and may have investments that create a conflict of interest in their news coverage.
Deregulation
The FCC's process of withdrawing regulatory restrictions on broadcast media ownership. This process began in 1980 with the loosening of strict rules concerning broadcast media ownership
Dummy
The pattern needed to lay out a page and shouldn't be ignored
Media concentration
The result of smaller media companies merging or being bought up by larger companies to form a small number of very large companies
HSV
The way color is created on a monitor, not print
Fish Eye Lens
This lens will appear curved at the edges. Allows a journalist to get as close as possible to their subject while maintaining context in a photograph.It captures action shots.
The yearbook editor is completing the layout using a desktop publishing program. The editor realizes that the copy will not fit in the designated dummy. The best solution for fitting the copy is to:
Tighten the tracking
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
Under supreme court ruling, schools retain the right to refuse to sponsor speech that is "inconsistent with the shared values of a civilized social order" Educators may exercise this right so long as their actions are "reasonable related to legitimate pedagogical concerns", which would be characteristic of content that causes academic distress
Erin and Allison are trying to photograph their school from the top of a hill, but they are having a hard time with the picture scale. Which of the following techniques should they use to best depict scale and landscape?
Using a human figure
A student reporter has submitted a headline along with a front-page story. The layout editor doesn't believe the headline will fit on the page, given the headline schedule and specific column width assigned. Which of the following is the best way the adviser can help the student reporter determine if the headline is the right size?
Using the unit count system
Which of the following strategies will best prepare first-year journalism students for being staff members, and editors on the school newspaper?
Varying journalistic assignments and roles on a regular basis
Edward R Murrow
War correspondent who helped establish radio as a news medium- Actively reported on issues in the public interest and operated largely outside the traditional authority of a corporate newsroom
Unit Count System
Way of measuring letter size used by headline writers to create a headline to fit a given horizontal space.
In a journalism class, students are reviewing media messages in various television commercials which try to persuade consumers to buy different products. To best hone in on how the commercials are influencing viewers' opinions about the products, students should consider which of the following questions as they view each commercial?
What important information is left out of the message?
When would it be appropriate to employ a shallow depth of field when taking a photograph?
When the photographer wishes to isolate an important element from the background in a photograph
Bumping headlines
When the same point size is used for the headlines of two different stories
In which of the following instances is prior restraint deemed justified by the United States Supreme Court?
When troop movements are publicized in time of war
William Randolph Hearst
Widely regarded as one of the major figured credited with advancing the practice of Yellow Journalism.
Which of the following prominent journalism figures is often credited with advancing the practice known as yellow journalism by famously helping to propel the United States into was with Spain?
William Randolph Hearst
Logo placement
adding first ensures that the student will secure proper amount of space, and will not have to squeeze it in at the end
Rule of Thirds
aligning a subject with the guide lines and their intersection points, placing the horizon on the top or bottom line, or allowing linear features in the image to flow from section to section.
Varied journalistic assignments
allow students to experiment with different roles and learn a variety of necessary skills that will prepare them for their roles as staff members and editors
Vertical integration
an attempt by one company to simultaneously control related aspects of the media business
Ladder
chart that represents pages in a book
Chains
companies that own many media companies across one type of medium
Tightening the tracking
decreases the amount of space between letters, which increases the amount of text that will fit
Nellie Bly
feigned insanity in 1887 in order to expose the squalid conditions of New York's Blackwell Island Asylum and sparked reform around the country
Feature stories
focus on telling in-depth human-interest stories
Endsheet
heavy sheet of paper that attaches the book to its cover
gutter
inner space between two pages of a spread where the paper runs into the spine
A student is designing an advertisement for the school newspaper. The student has written the copy, taken a coordinating photo, created the graphics and located the logo. The best next step in the layout process is to
insert the company's logo into the advertisement
Louisa Knapp Curtis
known for publishing the Ladies Home Journal
The yearbook staff wants to increase the number of pages in the yearbook. Adding pages requires making adjustments to the
ladder
Tempalate
master page that helps ensure consistency
Spot Colors
more expensive than process inks because of the extra production costs involved in "washing up" and changing out the ink in the press
Benefit
one of the most basic elements of advertising. An effective advertisement must highlight the benefits to the audience.
Open-ended questions
promotes extended discussions and ideas
Style book
provides basic guidelines for issues of grammar and journalistic style
News stories
report latest breaking news
RGB
the RGB color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors. Used for computer monitors
Convergence
the melding of the communications, computer, and electronics industries
Strong leads
using "why" and "how" creates a picture in the readers mind, which offers intrigue and attracts the reader to the story
