UNCC Project Management Final Exam Review Guide Multiple Choice

A team has 10 communication channels between its various members. Using the formula for calculating the number of communication channels, it can be deduced that the team has _____ members. : 3 : 10 : 5 : 2

5

An IT company revises its process parameters in response to complaints from vendors that products were not ready on time. Which is this an example of? : defect repairs : cost forecasting : a corrective action : a preventive action Question

A Corrective Action

An important tool for project scope management is _____. : a kickoff meeting : a Gantt chart : fast tracking : a work breakdown structure

A Work Breakdown Structure

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders? : expertise : achievement : authority : self-actualization

Authority

What process is used to generate ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization? : prototyping : mind mapping : benchmarking : systems thinking

Benchmarking

An example of pull communication is _____. : voice mails : meetings : blogs : video conferencing

Blogs

Which is a similarity between scope control and schedule control? : Both of these processes should occur before estimating activity durations. : Both of their primary goals is to define project goals and milestones. : Both are initial processes of project time management. : Both are portions of the integrated change control process under project integration management.

Both are portions of the integrated change control process under project integration management

During which approach do team members first identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible and then aggregate the specific tasks and organize them into summary activities, or higher levels in the WBS? : mind mapping : bottom-up : analogy : top-down

Bottom-Up

What type of estimate is a cost estimation tool used to allocate money into an organization's budget? : ballpark : definitive : budgetary : rough order of magnitude

Budgetary

In an AOA network diagram, what occurs when two or more activities follow a single node? : combinations : bursts : buffers : mergers

Bursts

From the buyer's perspective, the _____ is the least desirable among all contracts because the supplier has no incentive to decrease costs. : CPAF : CPPC : CPIF : CPFF

CPPC

In which contract does the buyer pay the supplier for allowable performance costs along with a predetermined percentage based on total costs? : FPIF : CPAF : CPPC : CPIF

CPPC

As a manager, you want to praise a team member, Phil, for doing a good job on a particular project. However, you know he tends to be an introvert. Which communication method would Phil be most comfortable with? : Announce Phil's accomplishment on the company Web site. : Call a team meeting to praise Phil for his work on the project. : Have top management and the other teams in the company award Phil. : Call Phil in for a private meeting to appreciate his work.

Call Phil in for a private meeting to appreciate his work

Which method is used for determining the estimated annual costs and benefits for a project? : Cash flow analysis : Requirements analysis : Present value analysis : Critical path analysis

Cash Flow Analysis

In project procurement management, which is an output of the conducting procurements process? : change requests : source selection criteria : statements of work : make-or-buy decisions

Change Requests

Which process involves gaining stakeholder and customer acceptance of the final products and services and bringing the project, or project phase, to an orderly end? : planning : monitoring : executing : closing

Closing

Which type of power involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do? : referent : reward : coercive : legitimate

Coercive

What is the first step in a Monte Carlo analysis? : Determine the probability distribution of each variable. : Run a deterministic analysis or one pass through the model using the combination of values selected for each one of the variables. : Collect the most likely, optimistic, and pessimistic estimates for the variables in the model. : For each variable, such as the time estimate for a task, select a random value based on the probability distribution for the occurrence of the variable.

Collect the most likely, optimistic, and pessimistic estimates for the variables in the model.

Select an example of external stakeholders for an organization : Top managers : Employees : Competitors : Functional managers

Competitors

In project procurement management, obtaining seller responses, selecting sellers, and awarding contracts is part of the _____ process. : controlling : closing : conducting procurements : planning

Conducting Procurements

_____ are predefined actions that the project team will take if an identified risk event occurs. : Workarounds : Contingency plans : Secondary risks : Management reserves

Contingency Plans

In project schedule management, which process primarily involves checking and managing changes to the project schedule? : estimating activity resources : controlling the schedule : estimating activity durations : developing the schedule

Controlling the Schedule

Which is an output of the process of controlling costs? : basis of estimates : scope baselines : project funding requirements : cost forecasts

Cost Forecasts

Which activity is a part of the Scrum planning process? : Demonstrating the product during a sprint review meeting : Determining how many sprints will compose each release : Completing tasks each day during sprints : Creating sprint backlog

Creating sprint backlog

What is the main technique used in creating a WBS, which involves subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces? : conglomeration : accumulation : decomposition : catalyzation

Decomposition

What are the bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as? : safety : growth : deficiency : self-actualization Question

Deficiency

What type of estimate is used for making many purchasing decisions for which accurate estimates are required and for estimating final project costs? : definitive : budgetary : rough order of magnitude : final

Definitive

In project schedule management, the ultimate goal of which process is to provide a basis for monitoring project progress for the time dimension of the project? : estimating activity resources : defining activities : developing a schedule : sequencing activities

Developing a Schedule

Which is an example of a pre-initiation task? : Identifying stakeholders : Drafting the project charter : Drawing up a work breakdown structure : Developing a business case for a project

Developing a business case for a project

Which statement best defines schedule variance? : planned value plus the rate of performance : planned value plus the earned value : earned value minus the planned value : earned value minus the actual cost

Earned Value minus the Planned Value

Which statement is one of Deming's 14 Points for Management? - Eliminate the annual rating or merit system - Minimize total cost by working with multiple suppliers rather than a single supplier - An organization should increase dependence on inspection to achieve quality. - Award business based on price tag alone rather than on other considerations

Eliminate the annual rating or merit system

After working with key stakeholders to define activities and calculate their resources, what is the next process in project schedule management? : determine their dependencies. : control the schedule. : develop the schedule. : estimate the duration of activities.

Estimate the duration of activities

Which process involves developing an approximation of the costs of resources needed to complete a project? : finalising the cost baseline : determining the budget : estimating costs : controlling costs

Estimating Costs

During which phase must project teams address important considerations for managing information (and often end up updating business processes through improved communications)? : execution : monitoring and controlling : closing : planning

Execution

What is the first step in the framework for defining and assigning work? : finalizing the project requirements : breaking down the work into manageable elements : assigning work responsibilities : defining how the work will be accomplished

Finalizing the project requirements

Which document predicts future project status and progress based on past information and trends? : forecasts : status reports : project updates : progress reports

Forecasts

Who is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings? : Abraham Maslow : David McClelland : Frederick Herzberg : Douglas McGregor

Frederick Herzberg

In what type of organizational structure do project managers have the least amount of authority? : Functional : Matrix : Project : Circular

Functional

What is the main purpose of project plans? : schedule management plans : guide project execution : estimate activity resources : define project scope

Guide Project Execution

Which process involves determining what risks are likely to affect a project and documenting the characteristics of each? : performing quantitative risk analysis : identifying risks : planning risk management : performing qualitative risk analysis

Identifying Risks

Which is a guideline that project managers should follow when communicating with teams through e-mail? 1. Minimize the total number of e-mails by including as many subjects as possible in a single e-mail. 2. Continue replying to e-mail messages without changing the subject line to maintain continuity 3. If the entire message can fit in the subject line, put it there. Always reply to all the people to whom the initial message was sent.

If the entire message can fit in the subject line, put it there

Which of the following is true of a matrix organizational structure? - A matrix organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO. - Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from only a single functional area working on their projects. - In a matrix organizational structure, employees are organized into departments according to their skills, and there is little interaction between employees from different departments. - In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.

In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.

Which of the following is true of the project life cycle? - In the later phases of the project life cycle, the level of uncertainty is usually the highest. - More resources are usually needed during the initial phases of a project than during the middle or final phases. - It is much more expensive to make major changes to a project during the earlier phases than the latter phases. - In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.

In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.

The organization recognizes that a new project exists and completes a project charter during which processes for a new project? : planning : opening : initiating : controlling

Initiating

Which is true of the schedule performance index (SPI)? - It means that a project is ahead of schedule if SPI is lesser than one or hundred percent. - It is the ratio of planned value to actual costs. - It can be used to estimate the projected time to complete the project. - It means that a project is behind schedule if an SPI is greater than one.

It can be used to estimate the projected time to complete the project.

What is one drawback of outsourcing? : it does not provide access to specific skills or technologies : it invariably results in an increase in both fixed and recurrent costs : it cannot increase accountability of suppliers through a written contract : it can make an organization become overly dependent on particular suppliers.

It can make an organization become overly dependent on particular suppliers.

Which is true of earned value? : It is the actual cost plus the planned cost. : It is also known as the planned value. : It is based solely on the total cost estimate to be spent on an activity . : It is an estimate of the value of the physical work actually completed.

It is an estimate of the value of the physical work actually completed

Which process uses highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholders - the sponsor, users, business analysts, programmers, and so on - to jointly define and design information systems? : RAD : Use case modeling : Prototyping : JAD

JAD

The items discussed in a(n) _____ include reflections on whether project goals were met, whether the project was successful or not, causes of variances on the project, reasoning behind corrective actions chosen, use of different project management tools and techniques, and personal words of wisdom based on team members' experiences. : audit report : design document : final project report : lessons-learned report

Lessons-Learned Report

Which type of tool is usually recommended for small projects and single users? : High-end : Low-end : Upper range : Midrange

Low-end

What does the process of controlling costs primarily involve? : determining the policies for project costs : determining a basis for estimates : managing changes to the project budget : finalising the procedures for project costs

Managing Changes to the Project Budget

The main outputs of which process are team performance assessments, change requests, and updates to several documents? : acquiring the project team : developing the project team : human resource planning : managing the project team

Managing the Project Team

Which type of dependencies are inherent in the nature of work being performed on a project? : mandatory : discretionary : random : external

Mandatory

In a _____ organizational structure, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers : matrix : symbolic : project : functional

Matrix

What type of analysis involves calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time? :Cost of capital :Net present value :Payback :Cash flow

Net Present Value

What needs are at the bottom of Maslow's structure? : social : esteem : self-actualization : physiological

Physiological

What is the first step in project cost management? : develop several estimates of costs for different types of resources : control project costs and monitor cost performance : allocate project cost estimates to individual material resources : plan how costs will be managed

Plan how costs will be managed

What is another term used for budget? : planned value : actual cost : indirect cost : earned value

Planned Value

A _____ is a tool used in risk management. : critical path analysis : work breakdown structure : probability matrix : project organizational chart

Probability Matrix

Martha works as a project manager at a bank. Due to certain changes in external factors, Martha needs to make a few alterations in the tactical goals of her project. In such a scenario, which of the following will best help Martha cope with the change? : Project environment knowledge : Motivation : Soft skills : Negotiation

Project Environment Knowledge

What process provides enterprise environmental factors as an output? : project quality management : project integration management : project human resource management : project procurement management

Project Human Resource Management

A _____ is an organizational group responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization. : Project Management Office : Project Management Center : PorMColio Group : Project Management Professional

Project Management Office

Which process includes defining project scope, benefits, and constraints? : project planning : resource allocation : information technology strategy planning : business area analysis

Project Planning

Which knowledge area involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully? : Project resource management : Project time management : Project scope management : Project cost management

Project Time Management

Which project would be compatible with the use of the agile approach? - Projects that have more flexible scheduling - Projects with inexperienced and dispersed teams - Projects with clear-up front requirements - Projects that have a fairly rigid completion date

Projects that have more flexible scheduling

What is a table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed referred to as? : Gantt chart : requirements traceability matrix : entity-attribute-value model : state transition table

Requirements Traceability Matrix

Which process involves selecting information technology projects and assigning resources? : information technology strategy planning : project planning : resource allocation : business area analysis

Resource Allocation

How are profits best defined? : costs plus revenues : expenses plus net income : revenues plus expenses : revenues minus expenditures

Revenues Minus Expenditures

Which type of power involves using incentives to induce people to do things? : coercive : reward : legitimate : referent

Reward

Which process is an action taken to bring rejected items into compliance with product requirements or specifications or other stakeholder expectations? : rework : acceptance decision : process adjustment : validation

Rework

Which section of the project plan lists the planned dates for completing key deliverables? : objectives : budget : closing : schedule

Schedule

In project schedule management, which process primarily involve identifying and documenting the relationships between project activities? : defining activities : planning schedule management : estimating activity durations : sequencing activities

Sequencing Activities

Which method of communication is likely to be most effective for conveying sensitive or important information? : e-mails : reading reports from other team members : short face-to-face meetings : telephone conversations

Short face-to-face meetings

A difference between strategic and tactical goals is: : strategic goals are more specific than tactical goals. : tactical goals are more important for a project than strategic goals. : tactical goals encompass broader dimensions than strategic goals. : strategic goals are long-term in nature whereas tactical goals are short-term.

Strategic goals are long-term in nature whereas tactical goals are short-term

The _____ line for any e-mail messages you write should clearly state the intention of the e-mail. : cc : from : to : subject

Subject

Which problem-solving approach requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs? : Systems analysis : Independent component analysis : Principal component analysis : Linear programming

Systems Analysis

In organizational culture, what does means-end orientation refer to? : The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment : The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking : The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results : The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior

The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results

In organizational culture, what does people focus refer to? : The degree to which management's decisions take into account the ef fect of outcomes on employees within the organization : The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking : The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior : The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment

The degree to which management's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on employees within the organization

Which attribute is true of low-end tools of project management software? : They provide basic project management features. : They are referred to as enterprise project management software. : Their main advantage is that they have unlimited functionality. : They are designed for especially large projects with multiple users.

They provide basic project management features

Which of the following is true of program managers? : They are responsible solely for the delivery of project results. : They recognize that managing a program is simpler than managing a project. : They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program. : They report to project managers who represent the next level in the hierarchy

They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program.

What term is used for analogous estimates? : parametric : top-down : bottom-up : budgetary

Top-down

Which process involves identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them? : Use case modeling : Prototyping : JAD : RAD

Use Case Modeling

An example of push communication is _____. : meetings : blogs : video conferencing : voice mails

Voice Mails

A(n) _____ is a website that enables anyone who accesses it to contribute or modify its content. : forum : wiki : intranet : blog

Wiki

What tool provides a basis for creating the project schedule and performing earned value management for measuring and forecasting project performance? : cost management plan : work breakdown structure : scope statement : project charter

Work Breakdown Structure

According to research by Albert Mehrabian, which is NOT a way that information is communicated through face-to-face interaction? : written content : body language : spoken content : tone of voice

Written Content

The symbolic perspective of an organization: - views the organization as coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups - focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization. - focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people - focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management.

focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.

Those who are _____ have a higher tolerance for risk, and their satisfaction increases when more payoff is at stake : risk-neutral : risk-averse : risk-indifferent : risk-seeking

risk-seeking