unit 1 food is more than something to eat
how many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?
7
A gram of fat contains ____ kcalories.
9
a gram of fat contains
9 calories
a personal characteristic that increases a persons chances of developing a disease is called
a risk-factor
choose the nutrients that provide energy to cells
carbs and fats
which of these nutrients are considered organic nutrients?
carbs, lipids, vitamins
a __ is the smallest functional unit of a living organism
cell
to help ensure all of the essential nutrients are received from a diet, one should
choose a variety of nutrient dense foods
several leading causes of death in the US are considered __ diseases, which are health problems that typically take many years to develop and have complex causes.
chronic
the leading cause of preventable deaths( heart disease) in the united states is
cigarette smoking
choose the lifestyle choices that would promote health and reduce risk of chronic disease
consuming high intakes of fruits and vegetables, exercising regularly
the nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a __ nutrient.
essential nutrient
vitamins
maintenance of immune function, production, and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components
phytochemical saponins
may kill certain microbes
which two nutrients do not provide energy for the body?
minerals and vitamins
lipid
necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
which term describes a food or beverage that supplies a large amount of beneficial nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, in relation to its energy value?
nutrient-dense
Our body needs ___, found in foods, to function properly.
nutrients
most foods contain mixtures of
nutrients
what is the study of how the body uses nutrients?
nutrition
beta-carotene
orange, red, and yellow fruits and vegetables
select the populations at risk of malnutrition
people with low incomes, people with severe eating disorders, people addicted to drugs or alcohol
what is the term for a compound made by plant but not considered a nutrient
phytochemical
which of the following are examples of nonnutrients?
phytochemicals and alchohol
protein
production of structural and functional components
Reservatrol
red wine, purple grapes, grape juice
phytochemical alpha-carotene
reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration
Carbohydrates
source of energy(most forms)
Isoflavonoids
soybeans, legumes
phytochemical Caffeine
stimulant effects
which of the following are examples of life-threatening and chronic diseases that result from a poor diet?
stroke, diabetes, heart disease
Caffeine
tea, coffee, and cocoa
there are blank centimeters in a meter
100
which two nutrients provide the same amount of energy per gram (kcal/g)?
Proteins and carbs (4kcal/g)
you can develop health problems by
Taking high doses of dietary supplements
What is the most essential nutrient
Water
what occurs when an essential nutrient is missing from the diet?
a deficiency disease will occur
phytochemical quercetin
antioxidant effects may inhibit cancer growth
foods are bad for you if they contain which two substances that can cause food-borne illness?
bacteria and viruses
there is no single nutrient that can cure
cancer
when a nutrient is missing or deficient in the diet, a __ disease develops.
deficiency
metabolic reactions are involved in
eliminating waste products, making proteins, generating energy
lipids
energy source and necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins
which of the following are considered macronutrients
fats, proteins, carbs
the disease that is the leading cause of death in the US is
heart disease
processing treatments that can make foods safer and more convenient to eat include
heating and peeling
which of the following are recommended characteristics to consider when individualizing a persons diet?
lifestyle, food preferences, budget
__ are needed by our body in relatively large amounts on a daily basis
macronutrients
both overnutrition and undernutrition are considered examples of
malnutrition
state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished
malnutrition
water
regulation of body temperature
water
regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, and transportation of substances
minerals
regulation of fluid balance, formation of certain chemical messengers, structural and functional components of various substances and tissues
The most natural and economical way to obtain nutrients and phytochemicals is to base your diet on a _______ of whole foods
variety
which nutrient comprises the smallest percentage of the total body of a healthy man or woman?
vitamins
Empty calorie foods are not a good source of
vitamins or minerals
choose the components that may be found in a dietary supplement
vitamins, herbs, amino acids
which nutrient compromises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?
water
Which of the following are major classes of essential nutrients?
water and fats
