Unit 1: Operations with Rational Numbers - Vocabulary
Terminating Decimal
A decimal that comes to an end. Example: 0.75 and 1.2
Repeating Decimal
A decimal that repeats a pattern forever. This can be represented with a bar over the repeating part. Example: 0.3333... and 0.727272...
Profit
A financial gain that indicates the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something. Example: If a yard sale made $150 in sales and spent $50 in expenses, the total profit of the yard sale would be $100.
Improper Fraction
A fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator. Example: -9/8 and 12/11
Fraction
A number expressible in the form a/b where a is a whole number and b is a positive whole number. Example: 3/4 and -1/2
Negative Numbers
A number less than zero. Located to the left of zero on the number line. Example: -5, -4, -3, -2, -1 (ordered from least to greatest)
Mixed Number
A number made up of a whole number that is not zero and a fraction. Example: 1 1/4 and 2 3/4
Positive Numbers
A number that is greater than zero. Located to the right of zero on the number line. Example: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (ordered from least to greatest)
Zero Pair
A pair of numbers whose sum equals zero. Example: -1 + 1 = 0
Deposit (Bank)
A sum of money placed or kept in a bank account. A deposit is a POSITIVE number. Example: When you deposit a check worth $125 into your bank account, you would ADD $125 to your balance.
Natural Numbers
Positive integers (whole numbers). Example: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...
Denominator
The bottom number of a fraction that tells how many equal parts are in the whole.
Expenses
The cost required to buy or make something. It is the money spent on something.
Absolute Value
The distance from zero on a number line. Example: |-5| = 5
Integers
The set of whole numbers and their opposites. -1, -2, -3, -4, -5... 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...
Identity Property
The sum of zero and any number is the number. The product of one and any number is the number.
Numerator
The top number of a fraction that tells how many parts of a whole are being considered.
Reciprocal
Two numbers whose product equals 1. Example: 1/3 x 3 = 1/3 x 3/1 = 3/3 = 1
Multiplicative Inverse
Two numbers whose product is 1. Example: 2/3 and 3/2 are multiplicative inverses of one another because 2/3 x 3/2 = 1.
Additive Inverse
Two numbers whose sum is 0 are additive inverses of one another. Example: 25 and -25 are additive inverses of one another because 25 + (-25) = 0
Distributive Property
Used to multiply numbers mentally by breaking apart one of the numbers and writing it as a sum or difference. Example: a(b + c) = ab + ac
Withdrawal (Bank)
When a sum of money is taken out of a bank account. A withdrawal is NEGATIVE. Example: When you withdrawal $125 from your bank account, you would SUBTRACT $125 from your balance.
Ascend
When something moves or climbs upwards. Example: "The temperature ascends during the summertime,"
Descend
When something moves or falls downward. Example: "The submarine began to descend."
Associative Property
When you add or multiply, you can group the numbers together in any combination. Example: a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c and a * (b * c) = (a * b) * c * = Multiplication
Commutative Property
You can add or multiply numbers in any order. Example: a + b = b + c 3 + 8 = 8 + 3
Loss
An amount of money being lost. Example: "Many people had a loss of money when the stock markets went down."
Rational Numbers
Any number that can be expressed as a fraction of two integers where the denominator can NOT equal zero. Example: -4, 5/6, 3/10, 7
Long Division
Arithmetical division in which the several steps involved in the division are indicated in detail. The dividend is located "inside the house" and the divisor is located "outside the house".
Opposite Numbers
Numbers that are the same distance from zero on a number line. Example: -3 and 3 are opposite numbers.
