Unit 2

1. It can be inferred from the passage that the author assumes the reader is: a. An expert questioning every aspect of the authors argument. b. A generalist who needs an explanation of specialized concepts. c. A student seeking facts in order to develop a testable thesis. d. a colleague evaluating a proposal for a research project. e. An enthusiast aware of current discoveries and debates.

b. A generalist who needs an explanation of specialized concepts.

13. The writer intends the passage to be read by general audience. Which of the following sentences, if added after sentence 1, would best aid the readers understanding of the passage? a. The Renaissance, which took place between the 14th and 17th century, was a period of European cultural and artistic rebirth after the Middle Ages. b. A new theory maintains that a visual condition called exotropia, in which an eye turns outward, enabled Da Vinci to manipulate his own depth perception. c. In fact, many scholars and historians consider Da Vinci as the prime example of a renaissance Man: a person who possesses many talents n varied areas of interest. d. Art scholars tend to study both the artist and the art created within the context of history and the artistic developments of a particular time period. e. While Da Vinci strove to capture a there dimensional perspective in his work, other artists prefer to play with two dimensional representations.

b. A new theory maintains that a visual condition called exotropia, in which an eye turns outward, enabled Da Vinci to manipulate his own depth perception.

17. The analogies presented in the line 59, ("like a machine top") and in lines 60-61 ("as the cat plays with her kittens") serve to: a. Make a decision between the kinds of games that children play and those that adults play. b. Exemplify a difference between how people typically treat children and how they should strive to treat children. c. Set up a paradox to cause the readers to question what they know about interacting with children. d. Illustrate the unintended consequences of particular approach to child rearing. e. Present a series of pleasant images to soften the tone of the authors argument about respect.

b. Exemplify a difference between how people typically treat children and how they should strive to treat children.

5. Which of the following best summarizes the authors thesis? a. The administrations disability policy has been under appreciated. b. Gallaudet University should appoint a person who is deaf as its next president. c. The author deserves more credit for the administrations disability policy. d. Gallaudet's leadership misunderstands the goals of the disability rights movement. e. Congress and the Courts can do more to protect the rights of people with disabilities.

b. Gallaudet University should appoint a person who is deaf as its next president.

3. The author uses the pronoun "we" throughout the passage to: a. Include adults and children in the same group. b. Highlight norms of adult behavior. c. Acknowledge readers solidarity with her ideals. d. Underscore children's lack of respect for adults. e. Identify herself with other writers.

b. Highlight norms of adult behavior.

7. Should the writer keep or delete this text? a. Keep it, because it introduces the discussion of the two studies mentioned at the end of the passage. b. Keep it, because it suggests a possible avenue for additional study of other stars besides the sun. c. Keep it, because it provides direct support for the concession made earlier in the sentence. d. Delete it, because it interrupts the flow or the argument by introducing irrelevant information. e. Delete it, because it appears to contradict the experts view described later in the sentence.

c. Keep it, because it provides direct support for the concession made earlier in the sentence.

4. Which of the following versions of the underlines portion of sentence 13 best accomplishes the goal? a. (as it is now) b. Whose ability to tell a story is legendary. c. One of the most successful investors in history. d. A noted philanthropist. e. Whose father was a member of the United States Congress.

c. One of the most successful investors in history.

9. Throughout the passage, the author presents evidence to support which of the following overarching claims? a. Even when the members of marginalized groups are extraordinary gifted, they rarely receive the recognition they deserve. b. Although not everyone can be elite athlete, everyone can benefit from playing or watching sports. c. While representation is important, role models can be highly valuable to people who are not identical to them. d. Hard work and perseverance are more important fro success in life than raw talent and ability are. e. The lack of prominent people with disabilities in popular culture is preventing children with disabilities from pursuing their goals.

c. While representation is important, role models can be highly valuable to people who are not identical to them.

8. Which of the following would best serve as a thesis statement for the passage? a. Recent research has revealed that Nemesis, a twin star to our sun, has the ability to create astronomical events that affect the planets in our solar system. b. It is unlikely that scientist will ever to be able to identify why major extinction events seem too occur every 25 million years. c. While the territory was initially promising, the existence of Nemesis (a supposed companion start to the sun) and its effect on extinction events on Earth, is highly doubtful. d. Advances in technology greatly assists scientists in their work to provide the validity of theories posted by earlier researchers. e. Debris disks are always affected by companion stars, so researchers should focus on identifying the companion star linked to the Oort Cloud in order to further research in why extinction events occur every 26 million years.

c. While the territory was initially promising, the existence of Nemesis (a supposed companion start to the sun) and its effect on extinction events on Earth, is highly doubtful.

2. The author mentions glass blowing and harpsichord manufacture (third sentence) to suggest that taxonomy is: a. A field characterized by antiquated practices. b. an art that is extremely difficult to master. c. a profession practiced by relatively few people. d. an area of expertise with various practical applications. e. a discipline that has limited usefulness.

c. a profession practiced by relatively few people.

18. The author cites a Chinese saying (last sentence of paragraph 2) to emphasize the: a. Contrast between Eastern and Western Science. b. Intricacy of the relationships that unite living being. c. Necessity of using scientific knowledge in a responsible manner. d. Importance of taxonomy as a field of study. e. Danger of postponing biological research.

d. Importance of taxonomy as a field of study.

12. The writer understands that the audience for this passage is very familiar with the structure of the solar system. Which of the following revisions should the writer make, adjusting punctuation as needed, to account for the audiences expertise? a. In sentence 2, changing "approximately 66 million" to "between 65 million and 66 million". b. In sentence 3, changing "astronomical" to "cosmological". c. In sentence 4, deleting "a red dwarf companion to the Sun". d. In sentence 5, deleting from parenthetical phrase "a theoretical sphere of icy debris at the outer edge of the solar system". e. In sentence 6, changing "small and dim" to "having both low mass and low luminosity".

d. In sentence 5, deleting from parenthetical phrase "a theoretical sphere of icy debris at the outer edge of the solar system".

15. Which of the following sentences in the passage can best be described as the writers these statement? a. Sentence 1. b. Sentence 5. c. Sentence 8. d. Sentence 11. e. Sentence 15.

d. Sentence 11.

14. In the fourth paragraph, the author calls Gallaudet University "a symbol of leadership and opportunity" in order to: a. Praise the institutions former president. b. Soften subsequent criticism of the institution. c. Compare Gallaudet's Favorably to other institutions. d. Suggest that his audience values have evolved. e. Appeal to his audience's pride in this institution.

e. Appeal to his audience's pride in this institution.

6. Which of the following is most likely the main claim that the writer is planning to make in the new version of the passage? a. The only way for an artist to be successful is to have exotropia. b. Da Vinci was more successful as an artist than others who also had exotropia. c. Studying just a few works of art can provide compelling information about an artists physical conditions. d. The only way to fully understand an artists work is to study the artists physical condition. e. Da Vinci was a great artist because he had exotropia.

e. Da Vinci was a great artist because he had exotropia.

16. Should the writer add this after sentence 3? a. Yes, because it provides contextualizing information that is necessary for the audience to understand the writers argument. b. Yes, because it contains an important insight into the exigence that prompted the writer to write the passage. c. Yes, because it offers an effective appeal to the audiences sense of logic by detailing the long history of the confirmation bias. d. No, because it fails to give enough details about Peter Wasons credentials to establish his credibility with the audience. e. No, because it gives evidence that is not relevant to the passages overall line of reasoning and therefore does not strengthen the validity of the writers argument.

e. No, because it gives evidence that is not relevant to the passages overall line of reasoning and therefore does not strengthen the validity of the writers argument.

10. The writer wants to change this passage so that it will be appropriate for doctors and other scientist rather than a general audience to order to make the passage appropriate for the intended audience, which sentence is most necessary for the writer to delete? a. Sentence 2. b. Sentence 5. c. Sentence 9. d. Sentence 11. e. Sentence 18.

e. Sentence 18.

11. Which of the following statements best represents the thesis of the passage? a. Effective writing relies on grammar and vocabulary, not fancy technology. b. The most compelling stories come from observations, not inspiration. c. True writers understand that writing is a form of play, not work. d. The primary purposes of writing is communication, not self- expression. e. The key to success as a writer is consistent effort, not inherent ability.

e. The key to success as a writer is consistent effort, not inherent ability.

19. Which of the following versions of the underlined text would best accomplish this goal? a. (as it now). b. There was some initial debate over the question of whether this was truly a dwarf planet or something else entirely. c. The search for additional dwarf planets in the remote reaches of the solar system began in earnest. d. They were eager to ascertain both its precise size and exact nature of its composition. e. They concluded that its huge, elliptical orbit might well be attributable to the gravitational pull of an unseen twin.

e. They concluded that its huge, elliptical orbit might well be attributable to the gravitational pull of an unseen twin.