unit 2- constituion
Term of President
*Four-year term; 2 terms limited by the Twenty-Second Amendment in 1951
Significance of Shay's Rebellion
-Showed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation -caused founding fathers to reconvene for constitutional convention to revise for AOC.
Duties of the Vice President
-breaks a tie vote in senate -attends cabinet meeting -sits on commitees -succeeds the president in case of death
House duties
-brings up impeachment charges -all revenue /money bills start in the house (proposal to become a law) -choose president if electoral college has no majority
Congress powers
-collect taxes -can declare war -coin money -credit:borrow money -regulate commerce -regulate U.S territories
in conclusion
-colonists realized that a more UNIFIED form of central government was needed to successfully bring together the new states. - the first constitution of the US was constructed as a UNICAMERAL LEGISLATIVE -biggest fear: colonists did not want another tyranical gov like Britian -feared too much concentration of power in central government
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
-no federal leader to lead the country(no president) -congress could not impose taxes (no ability to gain national revenue to pay for national interests) -no federal court system (no ability to settle disputes between states) -lack of strong federal government -no power to regulate commerce -limited military;no national military = no protection -each state had only one vote regardless of the size -had only one house -each state coined their own money (own currency) -central gov had no authority over states
Senate duties
-serves as a jury for impeachment trial -ratify all treaties (2/3 vote) -approve appointments by president
Duties of the President
-serves as head of state (meets w country leaders) -chief gov't (boss of every federal gov't worker -commander in chief(official head of U.S. military -approves/vetos laws/pocket veto (if bill is not signed within 10 days, it dies) -can only propose a bill, not write.
Articles of Confederation
-weak constitution - the FIRST unicameral gov (1 house) (1 law making body) -created during the middle of the war (1775-1789)
House Qualifications
25 years old; citizen for at least 7 years; resident of the state you represent
Senate Qualifications
30 years of age, 9 year US citizen, resident of state represented.
executive branch qualifications
35 years old, natural born citizen, live in US for 14 years
Executive Branch
Carries out the laws (enforces) approves/vetos laws
Leader of the Senate
Chuck Schumer
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 (law)
Created the Northwest Territory provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory
Federalism
Division of power between the federal government and the states
What did the small states want?
Equal representation (New Jersey plan-william paterson)
Marbary vs Madison
Established judicial review
Lower House
House of Representatives based on population -435 members
Who created the Articles of Confederation?
John Dickinson each state has one delegate help write it all 13 had to agree to it
Legislative Branch
Makes laws -made up of 2 houses (representative and senate)
Cause of Shay's Rebellion
Massachusetts government placed taxes on farmland to pay the war debt and farmers could not pay the unfair taxes so they were forced to sell their land or have their land taken from them
What did the large states want?
Representation based on population (virginia plan-james madison's plan)
upper house
Senate (100 members)
Leader of the lower house
Speaker of the House -kevin mcCarthy
second in command
Vice President-Kamala Harrris
What is the electoral college?
a group of people selected from each state who cast votes in the presidential election
What is a constitution?
a plan for government
Great Compromise
agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation -established a bicameral legislature (2 house) - roger sherman
What did the South want?
agricultural economy (against protective tariffs)
why did they create AOC?
colonists realized a more permanent form of central gov was needed to bring together the new states and win the war.
Commerce Compromise
congress could tax imports but not exports ( to protect industry)
Shay's Rebellion (1786-1787)
daniel shay led the rebellion. massachusett's farmer refuses to pay gov issued tax on land farmers rise up due to lack of national military , state militias reluctantly called up to put down rebellion
Three powers of government
delegated, concurrent, reserved
3/5 Compromise
every 5 slaves count as 3 people toward representation and taxation
delegated
federal powers -coined money -declare war -make treaties -handle foreign affairs
U.S constitutional convention main compromises
great compromise 3/5 compromise commerce compromise
executive leader
joe biden
What did the North want?
manufacturing economy (for protective tariffs)
centralized government
most or all of the governing power resides in a centralized government, in contrast to a federal state
Who wrote the Northwest Ordinance?
original- Thomas Jefferson final- rufus king(outlawed slavery)
delegate
representative
concurrent powers
shared powers -makes laws -collect taxes -regulate prison
reserved powers
state powers -driving laws -driver licenses -speed limit -education -min wage -marriage laws -sales tax
Elastic Clause
the part of the Constitution that permits Congress to make any laws "necessary and proper" to carrying out its powers
What did the North want?
to tax the population & if slaves were counted as people for southern votes, then slaves could not be considered also.
Outcome of Shay's Rebellion
unified all states established northwest ordinance (1787 system to organize territory and add states.
What did the South want?
wanted slaves to count toward population (as people) to increase their house representation
