Unit 2: Linkage Institutions
____ are used by corporations, interest groups, and unions to donate money to candidates
Political Action Committees (PACs)
American political parties differ from interest groups in that parties
are policy generalists
PAC money goes overwhelmingly to incumbents because incumbents...
are the most likely to be able to return the investment
What is litigation?
bringing lawsuits to the court to progress IG cause
how do lobbyists typically seek to influence members of congress?
by providing specialized expertise
In ____ supporters of candidates attend a series of open meeting to express POTUS nominee preferences.
caucus
what does hyperpluralism cause
confusing and contradictory policies
all of the following are appropriate lobbying strategies EXCEPT
electioneering
This elects the president
electoral college
why are intertest groups important for democracy?
they provide a means for citizens to participate in the government
voting for a candidate for one party and a candidate from another party on the SAME ballot
ticket splitting
which of the following is NOT a linkage institution
Congress
How many electoral college votes are needed to become president
270
____ don't have 2 report donations FEC and they're limited to only spending 1/2 $ on campaigning
501 (c) groups
Which of these is a written argument submitted to the courts in support of one side of a case?
Amicus curiae briefs
court ruled that there cannot be a limit on how much an individual can donate to their own campaign
Buckley v. Valeo
court ruled that corporations, unions, and IGs have the right to free speech in electoral politics. Created Super PACs
Citizens United v. FEC
____ required candidates 4 federal offices to disclose all contributions made to campaigns
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974
Bipartisan group responsible for administering/ enforce campaign finance laws & keep track of spending.
Federal Election Commission (FEC)
Who pick the president if no one wins a majority of Electoral College votes?
House
what is the first caucus?
Iowa
which of the following bans unlimited soft money?
McCain-Feingold Act (Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act)
which of the following groups has primarily used litigation to change public policy?
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
which of the following is an example of an equality interest group?
National Organization for Women
where is the first primary?
New Hampshire
Most politicians and voters will act in their own self-interest. Politicians do what it takes to get elected
Rational Choice Theory
President who created Southern Strategy: win conservative voters for REP party (law and order, states' rights)
Richard Nixon
These are states that could vote for either candidate in the presidential election
Swing States
___ requires states to offer voter registration when people get or renew their driver's license
The Motor Voter Act
which of the following makes it more difficult to vote by adding more costs?
Voter/Photo ID laws
____ enables a group of similarly situated people to combine similar grievances into one suit
a class action lawsuit
the democratic and republican candidates for president are nominated by the ____
delegates at the national party conventions
when there are different parties in control of one or more houses of congress and/or the white house
divided party government
Which of these is NOT a component of sub governments (iron triangles)
federal courts
Which of these is FALSE about the Republican Party?
increase regulations and taxes on businesses
An advantage of single issue groups is their
intensity
organization of ppl w/ shared policy goal entering the policy process to try and achieve goals
interest groups
____ the election winner has authorization from the voters to carry out campaign promises
mandate theory of elections
a team of men and women seeking to control the government through winning elections
parties
which interest groups theory offers the most positive view if how IGs impact the government
pluralist
which of these is NOT one of the strategies used by interest groups to influence policy?
policy implementation
which of the following is the belief that ordinary people can influence the government?
political efficacy
elite theory believes
political power is unequally distributed within society
In ____ citizens vote on secret ballots to indicate their preferences for POTUS nominee to their state delegates
primary
Libertarians
pro choice and against gun control want to abolish minimum wage and legalize marijuana oppose death penalty and only want military for defense
how many electoral college votes does each state get
same # as house and senate seats
which states tend to have higher voter turnout
states with Election Day voter registration
which of these is FALSE about the green party
support death penalty and increasing defense spending
which is FALSE about super PACs
there is a limit to how much they can spend
which of these factors is NOT more likely to votes compared to their demographic counterpart
voters with a high school diploma
which is FALSE about Libertarians
want to overturn same sex marriage
which is FALSE about the democratic party
want to overturn same sex marriage
Super PACs
were create after Citizens United v. FEC independent expenditure only groups can endorse candidates
the feature of he electoral college that awards ALL EC votes to the person who wins the majority of the state popular
winner take all
The winning candidate becomes to office holder; there is no reward for 2nd place. Evolves into 2 party system
winner-take all/ first past the post