Unit 2 Test A&P II Lab

No

Does Inspiratory reserve volume include tidal volume?

epiglottis, cricoid; unpaired

Identify A and B. Are these paired or unpaired?

A..epiglottis,B..arytenoid, C..cricoid B) arytenoid is paired

A) Identify cartilages A,B and C B) Of these which is/are paired cartilages?

arytenoid, cricoid; arytenoid

A) Identify cartilages B and C B) Of these which will not be seen on the anterior aspect of the larynx

thymus; maturation of T lymphocytes occurs here

A) Identify the organ B) What is it's function?

red pulp; destruction of aged red blood cells

A) This is a slide of the spleen. What is the arrow pointing to? B) What is the function of this area?

A)arytenoid cartilage; vestibular folds; B) acts as a sphincter and closes off the larynx

A) What do arrows A and B point to? B) What is the function of B?

arytenoid cartilage, true vocal cords; vibrates to produce sound

A) What do arrows A and B point to? B) What is the function of B?

A)secondary bronchus, 2; B) oblique fissure

A) What is arrow A pointing to? How many of these structures are there in the left lung? B) What does arrow B point to?

medulla ; macrophages

A) What is the arrow pointing to? B) Which cells does this area contain?

lymph node; cortex

A)Identify the lymphatic tissue seen here? B)What does the arrow point to?

A)Lingual tonsil B)Oropharynx

A)Identify the structure the arrow points to?B)Where is it located?

Lymph node; capsule

A)This is a slide of? B) What is the arrow pointing to?

intrapulmonary pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure

Air moves into the lungs when:

There is an decrease in the volume of the lungs and increase in the intrapulmonary pressure which is greater than atmospheric pressure

Air moves out of the lungs during expiration because:

White pulp and red pulp

Arrows A and B point to what structures?

5000 ml

Calculate the FVC of an individual who has the following respiratory volumes; RV= 1000ml, IRV= 3000 ml, TV = 500 ml, ERV = 1500ml.

tidal volume

Compared to normal values, during moderate exercise which of the following increases more?

No, since ERV is the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation

Does expiratory reserve volume (ERV) include tidal volume? Which of the choices below best answers this question ?

reduce the airway resistance

For a person suffering from an asthma attack, inhaler medications are expected to:

ERV + RV

Functional residual capacity includes:

activate B lymphocytes activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes activate macrophages all of the above

Helper T cells:

arytenoid, cricoid cartilage; hyaline cartilage

Identify A and B. What type of cartilage are they made of?

horizontal fissure; upper and middle lobes

Identify the fissure the arrow B points to. It divides the lungs into?

Inguinal

Identify the group of lymph nodes

tonsil

Identify the lymphatic tissue.

It decreases

In a person who is hypoventilating [respiratory rate less than normal], what is the effect on pH?

diaphragm and external intercostals

Inspiration is brought about by contraction of:

respiratory zone; because gas exchange occurs here.

Is the structure the arrow points to part of the respiratory or conducting zone. Why do you think it is part of this zone?

elastic recoil of the lungs

Passive expiration is achieved by:

False

T or F: Hypoventilation leads to retention of CO2 in the body consequently raising the blood pH.

pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

The arrow points to epithelium which lines the respiratory tract. The epithelium is:

cartilage is present

The arrow points to the lumen of a structure in the lung. You would NOT identify this structure (in this image) as a bronchiole, primarily because:

epiglottis

The cartilage that seals off the larynx during swallowing is called the:

Hassal's corpuscles

The red arrow points to ______________ present in the medulla of a lymphatic organ.

It lacks cartilage

The structure labelled 'C' is a bronchiole, because:

cortex and medulla

This is a slide of the lymph node. What do arrows A and B point to?

True

True or false: At the level of the tissues O2 moves from the blood into the cells and CO2 moves from the cells into blood.

IRV + TV + ERV

Vital capacity includes

nasal concha

What are the arrows pointing to?

epiglottis, hyoid; elastic cartilage, bone

What do 'C' and 'D' represent? C and D are made up of what type of tissue?

Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium; gland in submucosa

What do arrows A and B point to?

right upper lobe; left lower lobe

What do arrows A and B point to?

trachea; diaphragm

What do arrows A and B point to?

Carina; parietal pleura

What do arrows A and B point to? B points to a layer of a serous membrane.

carina; pleural cavity

What do the arrows A and B point to? B points to a space.

alveolar sac; respiratory zone

What does the arrow B point to? Which zone does it belong to?

alveolar wall

What does the arrow point to?

Decreases

What happens to the FEV1% as the radius of the airways is decreased as in obstructive lung disease?

it decreases

What happens to the FVC [ functional vital capacity] in a patient with emphysema as compared to a normal patient?

bronchiole; cartilage is absent

What is the arrow pointing to? You would identify this structure based on the important fact that it:

Increases

What is the effect on residual volume in obstructive lung diseases ?

To recognize antigens and mount a quick response on subsequent exposures

What is the function of memory cells?

laryngopharynx; stratified squamous

What region does arrow C point to? What type of epithelium lines this region?

squamous epithelial cells of alveolus, endothelial cells of pulmonary capillaries and fused basal lamina

What structures constitute the respiratory membrane?

By the person hyperventilating

When a person has acidosis [low pH] how can the respiratory system compensate?

cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)

Which cells are responsible for graft rejection in transplants?

Volume of air that can be forcibly inspired after a tidal inspiration

Which of the following correctly defines Inspiratory reserve volume?

pyrogens

Which of the following is an inflammatory mediator that acts on the hypothalamus?

vasoconstriction at the site

Which of the following is not a feature of inflammation?

Antibodies are produced by plasma cells Antibodies are proteins that agglutinate antigens Antibodies neutralize toxins All of the above apply

Which of the following statements applies to antibodies?

The pressure inside the lungs increases during inspiration

Which of the following statements does not apply to the process of inspiration?

Lysis of cells by complement proteins

Which of the following would be a non specific immune response?

active natural immunity

You fall ill and are told by the doctor that you have measles. What type of immunity have you acquired?