Unit 2- Tooth Morphology

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Deciduous Teeth

Primary teeth/baby teeth

What are the five surfaces of the teeth?

The facial, lingual, masticatory (occlusal), mesial, and distal surfaces

Why do you think central occlusion is important to have?>

This postion allows for effective grinding of food and greatest comfort and stability

What are the five surfaces of the teeth?

1- facial 2-lingual 3-masticating 4-medial 5-distal

Cingulum

Bumps on the lingual of anterior teeth

Which tooth is located 3rd from the midline?

Canines

Which angle classification is the ideal bite relationship?

Class I

What classification is neutrocclusion?

Class i

The ———— is a major elevation on the masticatory surface of canines and posterior teeth

Cusp

What is the name of the fifth cusp on a Maxillary first molar?

Cusp of Carabelli

What is the name of the fifth cusp on the maxillary first molar?

Cusp of carabelli

Lingual Fossa

Depression of the lingual side on anterior teeth

What are the pinpoint depressions where tow or more grooves meet?

Developmental Pits

What is the term for gap in central inscisors?

Diastema

1st Molars

Erupts at 6-7 years old

Marginal Ridge

Raised mesial/distal surface of the occlusal surface of the teeth

What is the term for the permanenet teeth that replace primary teeth?

Succedaneous

Universal: 11

Maxillar Left Canine

Which dentition period has some teeth of both dentitions present?

Mixed

What tooth types are the same in primary dentition?

Molars, canines and inscisors

What is the name for the position of the teeth when they are in chewing movements?

functional occlusions

What are the four types of teeth?

incisors, canines, premolars, molars

Which term is given to the area at which three roots divide?

trifurcation

What are the three dentition periods?

1) primary 2) mixed and 3) permanent

ISO/FDI system

Assigns a two digit number to each tooth

Which drawing is curve of wilson?

B, A is curve of spee

Why are premolars known as bicuspids

Because they have 2 cusps

What is another name for premolar

Bicuspid

What is a name given in hte past to premiolars?

Bicuspids

Occlusal Surface

Broad chewing surface of posterior teeth

How can you determine the lingual view ov the mandibular molar?

Buccal cusps are higher

Which tooth is referred to as the "cornerstone" of the dental arch?

Canine

Which teeth are the longest in the permanent dentition?

Canines

Which tooth is the closest to the midline?

Central Inscisors

Which tooth is the smallest in the maxillary arch?

Central Inscisors

Which tooth is the smallest in the dentition

Central Inscisors Maxillary

What is the name of the groove that seperates buccal and lingual cusps on the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth?

Central groove

What is the maximum contact between the occluding surfaces of the teeth

Centric Occlusion

The root area of a tooth is divided into three sections what are they called?

Cervical, middle, Apical

What is the term for the rounded, raised area on the cervical third of the lingual surface on the anterior teeth?

Cingulum

Which angle's classifications is also considered neutroclusion?

Class 1

What is the Angles classification for mesioclusion

Class III

When the body has an abnormal mesial relationship to the maxilla the bite is classified as what?

Class III

What is the name of the area where adjacent teeth physically touch?

Contact area

All teeth have :

Contours, contacts, and embrasures

What is the name for the curve of the occlusal plane?

Curve of Spee

Anterior Teeth

Directly relates to how a person looks

What is the name of the triangular space toward the gingiva btwn adjacent teeth?

Embrasure

Curvatures adjacent to the contact areas form spaces called

Embrasures

2nd Molar

Erupts at age 12-13

A wide, shallow depression on the lingual surface of anterior teeth is the

Fossa

Central Groove

Groove that divides tooth in buccal and lingual

Maxillary 1st Molar

Has a cusp called carabelli

What is the phase/termto describe the "buldge" or widest point on a specific surface of a crown?

Height of contour

Most used numbering system in the rest of the world

ISO International Standards Orginizations

Which permanent tooth has a lingual surface like a shovel?

Incisors

What is the name for the space btwn adjacent teeth?

Interproximal space

Why is the occlusal surface important?

It is used for chewing anf grinding food

What is the term for the junction of two surfaces and derives its name from the combination of the two surfaces that join?

Line angle

How can you tell the difference btwn the mandibulart centrals and the mandibular laterals?

90 degree angles curved different and ones smaller than the other

What is the term for the teeth that are in poor occlusion?

Malocclusion

What feature do newly erupted central and lateral incisors have on their Incisal ridges?

Mamelon

The rounded enamel extensions on the incisal ridge of newly erupted central and lateral incisors are called:

Mamelons

ISO: 3-2

Mandibular Left Lateral Inscisors

ISO: 4-6

Mandibular Right 1st Molar

Which teeth are the smallest in the dentition?

Mandibular central inscisors

Which teeth are bifurcated?

Mandibular molars Max 1st premolars

What is the term used to describe the borders (mesial and distal) on the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth?

Marginal Ridges

The chewing surface of the teeth is the __________ ____________

Masticatory surface

A fifth cusp known as the cusp of caracbelli is located on which tooth?

Maxillary 1st Molar

Which tooth has 2 cusos and 2 roots

Maxillary 1st Premolars

Which tooth has 2 cusps and 1 root

Maxillary 2nd Bicuspids

Which premolar has two roots?

Maxillary First premolar

Using the Palmer Numbering system which tooth is this? Right angle 6

Maxillary Left first Molar

Which tooth has 3 roots and 4 cusps

Maxillary Molars

Which tooth has 3 cusps and 1 root

Maxillary Premolars

ISO:1-5

Maxillary Right 2nd Premolar\Bicuspid

Universal: 8

Maxillary Right Central Inscisors

Which tooth is ISO 23

Maxillary left canine

Using the palmer numbering system which tooth is this? right angle 3

Maxillary right canine

What is the term for a tooth that does not replace a primary tooth?

Nonsuccedaneous

What phase would describe when mesial and distal surfaces do not touch one another?

Open contact

Using the universal numbering system what would indicate the mandibular right primary central incisors?

P

What tooth type is absent from primary dentition?

Premolars

Which tooth type is present in thepermanent dentition but not in the primary teeth?

Premolars

What are the two sets of teeth that people have in their lifetime>?

Primary and permanent

What is the term for the four sections of the divided dental arches?

Quaderants

What tooth is considered the 12 year molar?

Second molar (has erupted time 12-13 years old)

What is the term for a tooth with three roots?

Trifurcated

What are two forms of mandibyular second premolars?

Two cusp and three cusp

Most used numbering system by ADA

Universal

Which of the following numbering systems uses capital letterrs for the primary dentition?

Universal and Palmer

The most used numbering system by the ADA is called?

Universal numbering system

Explain how to number in the Palmer method. How would you identify the permament maxillary right central inscisors?

Uses angles and numbers to identify/ Right angel with a 1

What are mamelons? Why doesnt treatment have to be done for them?

bumps on the freshly errupted anterior teeth called 3 enamel extensions, no need for treatment as theu go away with abbrasions of mastification

Which tooth has the longest root in the maxillary arch?

canines

Which primary tooth is the largest?

mandibular molar

A ________ is one fourth of the dentition.

quadrant

Mamelons

three bulges on the incisal edge of a newly erupted central incisor

How many roots do mandibular molars have?

two

--is the external vertical bony ridge on the labial surface of the canines

Canine eminence

What teeth are the longest and last to fall out in permanent dentition?

Canines

Which tooth is referred to as the "cornerstone" of the dental arch?

Canines

If a patient is talking about "eye teeth" they are referring to their

Canines or cuspids

What is the rounded, raised area on the cervical thirds of the lingual surfaces of the anterior Teeth?

Cingulum

What classification is neutroclusion?

Class I

The ______ __ _______ is the curvature formed by the maxillary and mandibular arches in occlusion

Curve of Spec

Baby or primary teeth are called ___________________

Deciduous

Sextants

Dental arch division into three parts based on relationship to midline

Natural teeth in the dental arch are the _____________

Dentition

--is an area between 2 or more root branches

Furcation

A ridge on each permanent incisor that appears flattened on the labial, lingual, or Incisal view after tooth eruption is the

Incisal edge

What is the name for the space between adjacent teeth?

Interproximal

Line and Point Angles

Junctions of the crown surfaces

The junction of two teeth surfaces is a __________

Line angle

Name the surface of the tooth that faces the tongue.

Lingual Surface

Which primary tooth has a H-shaped groove pattern on its occlusal surface?

Maxillary molar

Name the most posterior teeth.

Molars

The natural contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth in all positions is termed {____________________

Occlusion

Lingual surface is the same as

Palatal surface

Name the sets of teeth that humans have in their lifetime...

Primary and Permanent

What is the term for the four sections of the divided dental arches?

Quadrant

A ________ is one sixth of the dentition.

Sextant

Palmer Notation System

System of coding teeth using brackets, numbers, and letters.

Which teeth are referred to as the "wisdom" teeth?

Third molars

T or F: the crown of the tooth narrows toward the cervical line

True

Diastemas

Unusually large spaces (open contact) between teeth that are not due to missing teeth

The teeth in front of the mouth are called ___________

anterior

Which teeth are the longest ones in the permanent dentition?

canines

The most prominent developmental groove on posterior teeth is the ——— ————

central groove

Teeth are in __________ _________ when the teeth make contact between the occluding surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth

centric occlusion

The ---- is raised, rounded area on the cervical third of the lingual surface?

cingulum

name of the area where adjacent teeth physically touch

contact area

What is the name for the curve of the occlusal plane?

curve of spec

The __________ is the surface of the tooth distant from the midline

distal surface

An __________ is a triangular space in the gingival direction between the proximal surfaces of two adjoining teeth in contact.

embrasure

name of the triangular space between adjacent teeth

embrasure

Teeth are in ________ ________ when teeth make contact during biting and chewing movements.

functional occlusion

The term for the position of teeth during chewing is

functional occlusion

Slight ridges that run mesiodistally in the cervical third of the teeth are

imbrication lines

What is the name for the developmental horizontal lines on anterior Teeth?

imbrication lines

--are the sloping areas between cusp ridges

inclined cuspid planes

The __________ __________ is the area between adjacent tooth surfaces.

interproximal space

An individual who has incorrect bite is given a diagnosis of _________

malocclusion

____________ is an abnormal or mispositioned relationship of the maxillary teeth to the mandibular teeth when they are in centric occlusion

malocclusion

The lower jaw is the _______

mandible

Which teeth are the smallest ones in the permanent dentition?

mandibular incisors central being the smallest and lateral slightly bigger

A rounded ,raised border on the mesial and distal portions of the lingual surface of anterior teeth and the occlusal table of posterior teeth is the

marginal ridge

What feature borders the occlusal table of a posterior tooth?

marginal ridges

The upper jaw is the __________

maxilla

The __________ is the surface of the tooth toward the midline

mesial surface

What is the technical term for class III occlusion?

mesioclusion

--is the study of the form and shape of teeth

morphology

What term is given to a tooth that does not replace a primary tooth?

nonsuccedaneous

--refers to a tooth that doesn't replace a primary tooth

nonsuccedaneous tooth

deciduous

older term for primary teeth

What is the pinpoint depression where two or more grooves meet?

pit

Mandibular Central

smallest tooth in permanent dentition

What term is given to a permanent tooth that replaces a primary tooth of the same type?

succedaneous

Permanent teeth that replace primary teeth are ____________

succedaneous teeth

How thick is the enamel covering on a primary tooth?

thin

What occlusal form does the mandibular second premolar resemble?

two & three cusps

primary teeth are __________-- than permanent teeth and have a difference in _______ size

whiter, crown

How many teeth are present in the primary dentition?

20

How many teeth are in each dentition>?

20 primary and 32 permament

How many teeth are in the permanent dentition?

32 teeth

How many premolars are in one arch in permanent dentition?>

4

Primary Quadrant Ratio

4 x 5 = 20

Permanent quadrant ratio

4 x 8 =32

What do newly erupted incisors sometimes have on theri incisal ridge?

Mamelons

Which tooth has 3 cusps on the buccal surface?

Mandibular 2nd Molars

ISO: 3-7

Mandibular Left 2nd Molars

When is the estimated time for the eruption of the permanent mandibular second molars?

10-12 years

How many angterior teeth are in the permanent dentition

12

How can you tell the mandibular 1st and 2nd bicuspids apart?

1st shorter and has lingual cusps

How many roots do maxillary premolars have?

2

How many roots does the mandibular molars have?

2

What do all posterior teeth have to the occlusal surface?

2 or more cusps

How many roots do maxillary molars have?

3 roots

How many molars are in one arch?

6

What is thew term for the junctions of two teeth surfaces?

;Line Angles

Diastema

A space between two teeth -central inscirors

Which feature do all anterior teeth have?

All have cingulum on the lingual surface

Which teeth due to their size, shape and color directly relate to how a person looks?

Anterior teeth

Which teeth have cingulums?

Anterior teeth

What is the name for the third of the tooth nearest the end of the root?

Apical Third

What is a contact area?

Area of the mesial or distal surface of a tooth that touch each other in the same arch

A proper contacts relationship between adjacent teeth serves the following three purposes:

1.Prevents food from being trapped between teeth. 2.Stabilizes the dental arches by holding the teeth in either arch in positive contact with each other 3.Protects the inter proximal gingival tissue from trauma during mystification.

How many anterior teeth are in the permanent dentition?

12

What age is permanent teeth all complete? Third Molars?

14-15 years and 18-25 years

Maxillary 1st bicuspid

2 roots 2 cusps

How many teeth are in the primary dentition?

20 teeth

Maxillary 2nd molar

3 roots 4 cusps

primary teeth period is from what ages

6 months to 6 years

mix dentation takes starts to take place at what age?

6 to 12 years of age 6- start 12- ending

What methods of identification is used in the Universal/National System for primary dentition?

Alphabetic

What term is used for the front teeth?

Anterior

Which one-third portion of a tooth's surface is positioned toward the end of the root?

Apical one third

The height or contour is the

Bulge or widest point on a specific surface of the crown. Facial and lingual surfaces also


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