unit 2 us history test
mercantilism
the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism.belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.
Middle colonies
the middle colonies presented an assortment of religions. The presence of Quakers, Mennonites, Lutherans, Dutch Calvinists, and Presbyterians made the dominance of one faith next to impossible.Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware.
middle passage
the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.
Roanoke
tribe, Carolina Algonquian-speaking tribe in eastern North Carolina. a former English colony that mysteriously disappeared.
salutary neglect
was Britain's unofficial policy, initiated by prime minister Robert Walpole , to relax the enforcement of strict regulations, particularly trade laws, imposed on the American colonies late in the seventeenth and early in the eighteenth centuries.
Anne Hutchinson
was a Puritan spiritual adviser, mother of 15, and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638.
albany plan of union
was a plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin, then a senior leader
Great Awakening
was a series of religious revivals in the North American British colonies during the 17th and 18th Centuries. During these "awakenings," a great many colonists found new meaning (and new comfort) in the religions of the day.
John Winthrop
was an English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in founding the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the second major settlement in New England, following Plymouth Colony.
pequot War
was an armed conflict that took place between 1636 and 1638 in New England between the Pequot tribe and an alliance of the colonists of the Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies and their allies from the Narragansett and Mohegan tribes.
potiac's rebillion
was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes, primarily from the Great Lakes region, the Illinois Country, and Ohio Country
Pilgrams
were a group of English people who came to America seeking religious freedom during the reign of King James I. After two attempts to leave England and move to Holland, a Separatist group was finally relocated to Amsterdam where they stayed for about one year.
Paxton boys
were frontiersmen of Scots-Irish origin from along the Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania who formed a vigilante group to retaliate in 1763
joint-stock company
Granted a charter by King James I in 1606, the Virginia Company .This is a seal of the Virginia Company, which established the first English settlement in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.
Puritanism
the beliefs or principles of a group of English Protestants of the late 16th and 17th centuries who regarded the Reformation of the Church under Elizabeth I as incomplete and sought to simplify and regulate forms of worship.
House of burgesses
1619 - The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first legislative body in colonial America. Later other colonies would adopt houses of burgesses.
great migration
African Americans began to build a new place for themselves in public life, actively confronting racial prejudice as well as economic, political and social challenges to create a black urban culture that would exert enormous influence in the decades to come.
jonathan edwards
American Calvinistic theologian and philosopher. Following his conversion at Yale, he was ordained into the Congregational ministry and became pastor at Northampton, Mass., in 1724. His outstanding preaching there led to the 'Great Awakening
mayflower compact
An agreement reached by the Pilgrims on the ship .bound them to live in a civil society according to their own laws.
william pitt
English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War
george whitfield
He immediately began preaching, but he did not settle as the minister of any parish. Rather he became an itinerant preacher and evangelist. In 1740, he traveled to North America, where he preached a series of revivals that came to be known as the "Great Awakening".
Massachsetts bay colony
the Puritans were a religious group. They wanted to change the Church of England. They did not want to separate from the Church like the Pilgrims.
quakers
a member of the Religious Society of Friends, a Christian movement founded by George Fox c. 1650 and devoted to peaceful principles. Central to the Quakers' belief is the doctrine of the "Inner Light," or sense of Christ's direct working in the soul.
salautary neglect
allowed colonists to go around laws, they got used to the low amount of enforcement of laws like the Navigation Acts; however, during the French and Indian War, the government/ Parliament now actually enforced some of its newest laws upon the colonists.
Proprietary colony
such as Carolina and Pennsylvania, organized in the 1600s in territories granted by the English Crown to one or more proprietors who had full governing rights.
Virgina company
London was a joint-stock company chartered by King James I in 1606 to establish a colony in North America
Pocohontas
Native American who married Jamestown Englishman John Rolfe
salem Witch trails
On the other hand, the physiological theories for the mass hysteria and witchcraft accusations include both fungus poisoning and undiagnosed encephalitis.
Headright System
The Virginia Company's system in which settlers and the family members who came with them each received 50 acres of land
Bacon's Rebellion
The effects and significance in history is that the government in Virginia became frightened by the threat of Civil War (the English Civil War was still fresh in everyone's memory). was the first rebellion in the American Colonies.
Jamestown
William Kelso writes that Jamestown "is where the British Empire began". It was established by the Virginia Company of London as "James Fort" on May 4, 1607 O.S.;(May 14, 1607 N.S.), and was considered permanent after brief abandonment in 1610.
general court
a legislative assembly specifically : the state legislature in Massachusetts and New Hampshire.
squanto
a member of the Patuxet tribe of New England Indians, is famous for helping the early Pilgrims survive in the harsh New England environment. He is credited with showing the pilgrims how to grow corn by fertilizing it with dead fish.
New engalnd colonies
the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Massachusetts Bay Colony, and the Province of New Hampshire, as well as a few smaller short-lived colonies.
King Phillp's War
also known as Metacom's War or the First Indian War, was an armed conflict between English colonists and the American Indians of New England in the 17th century. ... One reason for this is due to the fact that various tribes of Native-Americans fought both with and against each other in the conflict.
acadians / cajuns
are the French colonists who settled the Canadian maritime provinces (Nova Scotia and New Brunswick) in the 1600s. In 1713, the British took over Canada and expected all settlers, to defend the kingdom.
proclamation of 1763
at ethe end of the French and Indian War, the British issued a proclamation,mainly intended to conciliate the Indians by checking the encroachment of settlers on their lands.
stono rebllion
because it changed the face of slavery in Carolina, and had ramifications for other colonies as well. It solidified slavery in a way that it hadn't been before, and probably would have happened anyway.
French / Indian war
began in 1754 and ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The war provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but disputes over subsequent frontier policy and paying the war's expenses led to colonial discontent, and ultimately to the American Revolution.
Mayflower
et sail from Plymouth, a port on the southern coast of England. cargo was wine and dry goods, but on this trip the ship carried passengers: 102 of them, all hoping to start a new life on the other side of the Atlantic.
ohio company
f Virginia, was a land speculation company organized for the settlement by Virginians of the Ohio Country.to trade with the Native Americans.
Plymouth
is a city and unitary authority area on the south coast of Devon, England, about 190 miles south-west of London. the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America.
southern colonies
ithin British America consisted of the Province of Maryland, the Colony of Virginia, the Province of Carolina (in 1712 split into North and South Carolina) and the Province of Georgia.
olaudah equiano
known in his lifetime as Gustavus Vassa (/ˈvæsə/), was a writer and abolitionist from the Igbo region of what is today southeastern Nigeria according to his memoir, or from South Carolina according to other sources.
Indentured Servants
laborer is an employee within a system of unfree labor who is bound by a signed or forced contract
william Penn / the quakers
nd was an English nobleman, writer, early Quaker, and founder of the English North American colony the Province of Pennsylvania. ... This land included present-day Pennsylvania and Delaware.
roger williams
nglish clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for criticizing Puritanism; he founded Providence in 1636 and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663
naviagation acts
of 1651, aimed primarily at the Dutch, required all trade between England and the colonies to be carried in English or colonial vessels, resulting in the Anglo-Dutch War in 1652.
treaty of paris
signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War.