Unit 3 AP Government

Which of the following is accurate regarding the Supreme Court's interpretation of a right to privacy?

The court's interpretation of a right to privacy has been the subject of controversy.

In McDonald v. Chicago (2010), the United States Supreme Court held that the Constitution protects the right to keep and bear arms for the purpose of self-defense and that the Second Amendment applied to the states through which of the following constitutional clauses?

The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

Use the quote to answer the question.I join JUSTICE ALITO's dissent. As JUSTICE ALITO explains, the Court's decision today is irreconcilable with strict scrutiny, rests on pernicious assumptions about race, and departs from many of our precedents. I write separately to reaffirm that "a State's use of race in higher education admissions decisions is categorically prohibited by the Equal Protection Clause." Fisher v. University of Tex. at Austin, 570 U. S. ___, ___ (2013) (THOMAS, J., concurring) (slip op., at 1). "The Constitution abhors classifications based on race because every time the government places citizens on racial registers and makes race relevant to the provision of burdens or benefits, it demeans us all." Id., at ___ (slip op., at 2) (internal quotation marks omitted). That constitutional imperative does not change in the face of a "faddish theor[y]" that racial discrimination may produce "educational benefits." Clarence Thomas, Dissenting Opinion in Fisher v. University of TexasWhich of the following statements best summarizes the Justice Thomas's argument?

The equal protection clause does not tolerate treating people of different races differently and there is no educational reason to do so.

A high school athletic director spends $15,000 on the football and baseball teams, but spends no money on women's sports. Which of the following is laws is the athletic director violating?

Title IX of the Civil Rights Act

A legal safeguard that prevents the government from arbitrarily depriving citizens of life, liberty, or property is

a due process protection.

What do the religion clauses of the First Amendment achieve?

bar the government from establishing a national religion, from favoring one group over another, and from interfering with individual religious practices

Since September 11, 2001, the federal government's powers of surveillance and observance have

grown significantly.

Which of the following protects an individual from being held in custody without the right to be heard in a court of law?

habeas corpus

The right to privacy

is inherent in many of the other constitutional guarantees.

Equal protection of the laws

means that laws cannot establish different standards for the treatment of different groups.

Which level or levels of government did the framers of the Constitution seek to restrict in power with the Bill of Rights?

national government

The Fifth Amendment establishes

protection against compelled self-incrimination

Picketing, flag burning, or wearing an armband are all examples of

symbolic speech.

The first ________ amendments to the Constitution explicitly limited the power of legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the national government.

ten

In its 2010 McDonald v. Chicago decision about the Second Amendment, the Supreme Court ruled that

the Second Amendment is incorporated under the Fourteenth Amendment.

While the practice of separate schools for black and white students was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), segregation in restaurants, stores, hotels, and other public accommodations remained legal until

the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Which of the following amendments has the most in common with the Voting Rights Act?

19th Amendment

Based on previous rulings, the Supreme Court is most likely to view a case concerning which of the following as an equal protection case?

A student was denied entry into a college because of her race.

Which of the following would most likely be protected by the First Amendment?

A student wears a black armband at school to protest government involvement in a war.

Which of the following is an accurate description of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

A.

Source: Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, 2018 Shield laws protect journalists' right to refuse to testify against their sources while gathering information in their role as journalists. There is no shield law at the federal level. Which of the following states has the greatest protection for freedom of the press based on the information on the map?

Alabama (AL)

The recent development of online networking sites such as Facebook and YouTube has civil libertarians worried about the easy accessibility of people's ________ history.

All of these answers are correct.

Which means of political expression is guaranteed under the Constitution?

All of these answers are correct.

Which organization showed its criticism of the government's recent domestic surveillance program by filing a lawsuit challenging the constitutionality of the 2008 FISA Amendment Act, which increased the federal government's warrantless surveillance abilities?

American Civil Liberties Union

Use the quote to answer the question."The University of Texas at Austin (University) uses an undergraduate admissions system containing two components. First, as required by the State's Top Ten Percent Law, it offers admission to any students who graduate from a Texas high school in the top 10% of their class. It then fills the remainder of its incoming freshman class, some 25%, by combining an applicant's "Academic Index"—the student's SAT score and high school academic performance—with the applicant's "Personal Achievement Index," a holistic review containing numerous factors, including race. The University adopted its current admissions process in 2004, after a year-long-study of its admissions process—undertaken in the wake of Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U. S. 306, and Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U. S. 244—led it to conclude that its prior race-neutral system did not reach its goal of providing the educational benefits of diversity to its undergraduate students. Petitioner Abigail Fisher, who was not in the top 10% of her high school class, was denied admission to the University's 2008 freshman class. She filed suit, alleging that the University's consideration of race as part of its holis

Brown v. Board of Education

Which of the following CORRECTLY pairs a federal law and the impact it had on the state governments?

C

Which of the following constitutional clauses was most relevant to the right to privacy?

Due Process Clause

Which of the following best describes white primary? Multiple choice question.A)

Election to choose the party's general election candidate, but only Caucasians were allowed to vote.

Which case saw the Supreme Court rule against formalized prayer in schools?

Engel v. Vitale

In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that marriage could not be defined as heterosexual in nature. Which of the following was used to justify the Supreme Court's decision?

Equal Protection Clause

Use the quote to answer the question."The University of Texas at Austin (University) uses an undergraduate admissions system containing two components. First, as required by the State's Top Ten Percent Law, it offers admission to any students who graduate from a Texas high school in the top 10% of their class. It then fills the remainder of its incoming freshman class, some 25%, by combining an applicant's "Academic Index"—the student's SAT score and high school academic performance—with the applicant's "Personal Achievement Index," a holistic review containing numerous factors, including race. The University adopted its current admissions process in 2004, after a year-long-study of its admissions process—undertaken in the wake of Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U. S. 306, and Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U. S. 244—led it to conclude that its prior race-neutral system did not reach its goal of providing the educational benefits of diversity to its undergraduate students. Petitioner Abigail Fisher, who was not in the top 10% of her high school class, was denied admission to the University's 2008 freshman class. She filed suit, alleging that the University's consideration of race as part of its holis

Equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment

Which of the following best describes poll tax?

Fee that had to be paid to vote for the purpose of preventing poor southerners from voting, particularly African Americans.

The Supreme Court has selectively incorporated some of the Bill of Rights and applied them to state action through the

Fourteenth Amendment.

"The Second Amendment . . . like other cherished texts, is not as clear as many make it out to be. The amendment reads: 'A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.' . . . "'Americans have been thinking about the Second Amendment as an individual right for generations,' said Adam Winkler, a law professor at UCLA. . . . 'You can find state supreme courts in the mid-1800s where judges say the Second Amendment protects an individual right.' But for the 70 years or so before a Supreme Court decision in 2008, he said, 'the Supreme Court and federal courts held that it only applied in the context of militias, the right of states to protect themselves from federal interference.' "In 2008, the Supreme Court decided the District of Columbia v. Heller. . . . The conservative justice Antonin Scalia wrote the opinion in narrow but unprecedented terms: for the first time in the country's history, the Supreme Court explicitly affirmed an individual's right to keep a weapon at home for self-defense. . . . "'People look at the same record and come to wildly different conclusions about what the view was

Historical records show varying interpretations as to whether the Second Amendment was supposed to protect the right of individuals to own a gun, or just for the purpose of supporting militias.

In Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) how did the Supreme Court's decision address state interests and individual rights?

It balanced the state's interest in compulsory education with the students' free exercise rights

Which of the following best describes grandfather clause?

Law that exempted people from paying fees or passing tests to vote if they had voted before 1870.

Following September 11, 2001, the ________ has/have been accused by the media and civil liberties groups of spying on Americans without their knowledge or judicial authorization.

National Security Administration and the Federal Bureau of Investigation

The addition of the Fourteenth Amendment after the Civil War demonstrated the

Northern states' insistence that newly freed slaves in the South be recognized as full citizens deserving of equal rights after the Civil War.

The 24th Amendment was attempting to ban which of the following practices?

Poll taxes

I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. Martin Luther King, Jr., "I Have a Dream" speech, August 28, 1963,© 1963 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., © renewed 1991 Coretta Scott King Question Which of the following legislative acts best relates to the passage?

The Civil Rights Act of 1964