Unit 3 Multiple Choice

The following are steps in phagocytosis: (1) Bacterium is digested by lysosomal enzymes, (2) phagocyte approaches bacterium, (3) phagocytic vesicle fuses with lysosome, and (4) phagocyte engulfs bacterium, forming a phagocytic vesicle. In which order do these steps occur?

2 4 3 1

A spinal reflex requires the participation of each of the following except: A)cerebral cortex B)sensory neuron C)interneuron D)motor neuron

A

Which of the following statements about HIV is true? A)Most individuals who progress to Phase II of HIV infection remain in Phase II and never progress to Phase III (AIDS) B)HIV specifically impairs the cell-mediated immune response. C)Anti-HIV medications such as AZT and maraviroc can cure HIV infection.

B

In which of the following ways are bacterial cells similar to human cells?

Bacterial cells use ATP to fuel cellular activities.

In which of the following choices is the cell correctly matched with its function? A)eosinophil: produces antibodies B)B lymphocyte: directly attacks foreign cells C)basophil: secretes histamine D)T lymphocyte: phagocytizes bacteria

C

Which of the following is a benefit of resident bacteria? A)Resident bacteria cause the stomach to be acidic. B)Resident bacteria produce antiviral compounds that prevent viral infections. C)Resident bacteria can out-compete harmful bacteria and lower the incidence of infection. D)Resident bacteria digest cellulose within the human digestive tract.

C

Which of these statements comparing the nervous system and the endocrine system is true? A) The endocrine system exclusively controls development, whereas the nervous system controls homeostasis. B)The nervous system can access and communicate with all cells in the body, whereas the access of the endocrine system to different cells and tissues is more limited. C)The nervous system enables more rapid communication and signaling than does the endocrine system. D)The nervous system is fully functioning at birth, whereas the endocrine system doesn't begin to function until puberty.

C

Which endocrine disorders is associated with the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin?

Diabetes melilots

Pinna

M

The primary immune response is:

Skin, mucous, resident bacteria

_______________ hormones enter target cells and bind to intracellular receptors, whereas _______________hormones bind to cell membrane receptors and never enter the target cells.

Steroid, nonsteroid

Which of the following statements about viruses is true?

They need a host to reproduce

Consider the following group of diseases: hepatitis, chicken pox, warts, and measles. What do these diseases have in common?

They stemmed from viruses

Much of the respiratory tract is lined with ciliated epithelium. The exception is the:

alveoli

In the blood, O2 is transported primarily___________________________ , whereas CO2 is transported primarily ___________________________

as oxyhemoglobin ... as bicarbonate in plasma

What process does not help combat infection

autoimmunity

What influence(s) the speed of an action potential?

both the presence of a myelin sheath and the diameter of the axon

During acute epiglottitis, the epiglottis swells to several times its normal size. This would interfere directly with:

breathing

Which of the following is an inherited condition characterized by the production of abnormally thick mucus that can interfere with air flow within the lungs?

cystic fibrous

What do multiple sclerosis and ALS (amyotropic lateral sclerosis) both do

damage the myelin sheath

Unlike capillaries in the systemic circuit, in the pulmonary circuit,__________________ blood enters the capillaries from the arterioles and______________________blood leaves the capillaries for the venules.

deoxygenated... oxygenated

All of the following represent hormone pairs with antagonistic activities except:

estrogen and progesterone

Secretion of hormones by the anterior pituitary gland is closely regulated by the...

hypothalamus

The bronchioles are:

located between the bronchi and the alveoli

Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating the heart and respiratory rates and blood pressure?

medulla oblongata

which of the following statements comparing steroid and nonsteroid hormones is true

nonsteroid hormones are usually faster acting

Which of the following lists the order of structures through which air will pass during inspiration?

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

what two hormones are most directly related with lactation

oxytocin and prolactin

What pathogenic agents causes a self-propagating misfolding of proteins in nerve cells?

prions

Compared to active immunization, passive immunization:

provides immediate protection

Which of the following would be least likely to be affected by a tumor of the pituitary gland? cortisol secretion thyroid hormone secretion lactation secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla

secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla

Which of the following hormones is/are involved in normal functioning of the male reproductive system?

testosterone, LH, and FSH