Unit 3 Quiz 2

"They tell us, sir, that we are weak; unable to cope with so formidable an adversary." Who/what is the adversary Patrick Henry speaks of? a) British b) Congress c) liberty d) inaction

a) British The adversary Patrick Henry speaks of is the British. He was instrumental in getting the independence movement going in the American colonies.

In the Declaration of Independence, whom did the Americans indict for "repeated injuries and usurpations"? a) King George III, because of the crown's apparent intention to establish despotism b) Parliament, because of the oppressive legislation that it had passed over ten years c) British merchants, because their drive for personal profits had caused them to ignore the greater good of the empire d) the king's ministers, because they had refused to compromise and had turned the king and Parliament against the colonies

a) King George III, because of the crown's apparent intention to establish despotism For much of the document, the Declaration of Independence cites, "He has." This "He" is King George III, because of the crown's apparent intention to establish despotism. He was a convenient target, though Parliament shared much of the blame.

"For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us: For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States: For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world: For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent: For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury..." Each phrase from this section of the Declaration of Independence begins with the word "for," which is referring to the actions of a) Parliament b) King George III c) the Navigation Acts d) the First Continental Congress

a) Parliament This section of the Declaration of Independence singles out the British Parliament for their role in the series of events which lead to strife in the colonies. The section of the document that begins with "He has..." refers to the actions of King George III.

Which of these was a reason the American colonies were fighting a war for independence in 1776? a) restrictions on colonial trade b) restrictions on slave ownership in the colonies c) failure to protect the colonists from attacks by the French d) failure to protect the colonists from attacks by the Spanish

a) restrictions on colonial trade The British government placed severe restrictions on colonial trade in an effort to regain money spent defending the colonies during the French and Indian War.

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." What is the best definition of the word unalienable in this passage? a) something that cannot be taken away b) things that sometimes are allowable c) rights that are only provided by law d) beliefs that vary from person to person

a) something that cannot be taken away Thomas Jefferson philosophers believed that certain rights could never be taken away or surrendered. These rights mentioned in the Declaration of Independence would later become part of the United States Constitution.

The ideas of Locke and Rousseau are found MOST easily in which of these documents? a) the Declaration of Independence b) the Communist Manifesto c) the Gettysburg Address d) the United Nation's Charter

a) the Declaration of Independence The works of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau both had a profound influence on the Declaration of Independence. Their ideas of popular sovereignty and a separation of powers in government led first to the creation of the Declaration of Independence, then to drafting of the US Constitution the following decade.

"The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over the States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world." This phrase from The Declaration of Independence and its primary author Thomas Jefferson can be used to justify which statement? a) Jefferson thought this document could be used in his defense were he put on trial for treason. b) Jefferson knew that the colonists' actions would have an international impact. c) Jefferson believed that a Bill of Rights was necessary in the new government. d) Jefferson was trying to show the King that the colonists were intellectuals.

b) Jefferson knew that the colonists' actions would have an international impact. Remember that the Declaration of Independence was not just a "break up letter" with Great Britain: it was a statement to the entire world of the colonists' intent. He could not have imagined, however, that the document would influence people desiring independence from 1776 to the present day.

Which of these was a major philosophy expressed in the Declaration of Independence? a) support for states' rights and slavery b) a belief in the natural rights of citizens c) the need for a federal system of government d) a belief in the benefits of a laissez-faire economy

b) a belief in the natural rights of citizens The Declaration was, in actuality, a "break up letter," with the colonists telling the King why they did not want to live under his rule anymore. No mention was made of their plans for a new government or economic system.

The British surrendered to the Continental Army in 1781 following a) the Boston Massacre b) the Battle of Yorktown c) the Battle of Saratoga d) the Battle of Lexington

b) the Battle of Yorktown This was the last battle of the Revolutionary War, though the actual peace treaty would not be passed for another 2 years.

According to the Declaration of Independence, who gives government the power to exist? a) the king b) the people c) their creator d) their government

b) the people "Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed..."

The Declaration of Independence and the "Social Contract Theory" both arose from which philosophical movement? a) Realism b) Humanism c) Enlightenment d) Existentialism

c) Enlightenment The "Social Contract" theory was popularized by the philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau and incorporated into the Declaration by Thomas Jefferson.

Which of these played a role in the decision of the Second Continental Congress to declare independence from Great Britain? a) the end of the Intolerable Acts b) colonial victories at Saratoga and New York c) George III's rejection of the Olive Branch Petition d) George Washington's acceptance as head of the Army

c) George III's rejection of the Olive Branch Petition There were a number of reasons why the Second Continental Congress changed their stance over time. They had wanted to stop the fighting with Great Britain and reach a peace and understanding. However, George III's rejection of the Olive Branch Petition - their attempt at peace - forced them to reconsider that stance. Also a factor was George III's decision to hire Prussian mercenaries - known as Hessians - against the colonists.

To whom does "He" refer in the Declaration of Independence? a) George Washington b) Thomas Jefferson c) King George III d) William Pitt

c) King George III The "He" is referring to King George III of Great Britain. He was being held responsible for the great abuses of power about which the American colonists are protesting.

What group or groups of people would support the views of Thomas Paine? a) Huguenots b) Loyalists c) Patriots d) Tories

c) Patriots Patriots were the group that supported the views of Thomas Paine and other men like him. Tories and Loyalists were groups that supported the British. Huguenots are French Protestants.

"We must indeed all hang together, or, most assuredly, we shall all hang separately." Which of these is an accurate conclusion based on this statement by Benjamin Franklin? a) Benjamin Franklin wanted to hang traitors b) Benjamin Franklin was loyal to the British c) The American colonies should all sign the Declaration of Independence d) Benjamin Franklin did not want to sign the Declaration of Independence

c) The American colonies should all sign the Declaration of Independence His statement is often cited by those who want a unified position towards a common goal, for a lack of it would then mean doom for all involved.

The map shows the final battles of the American Revolution. What does the map suggest about French involvement at this stage of the war? a) The French daily supported the Americans in ground battles. b) The French played a relatively small role in the conclusion of the war. c) The support of the French led directly to the surrender of British forces. d) The number of French soldiers was higher than the number of American soldiers.

c) The support of the French led directly to the surrender of British forces. The map shows that ships under French command blocked the Chesapeake Bay and prevented the British from fleeing. As a result, the British were forced to surrender at Yorktown.

What does Thomas Paine believe the government should protect? a) life, property rights, and pursuit of happiness b) life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness c) life, liberty, and property rights d) life, unity, and property rights

c) life, liberty, and property rights Thomas Jefferson changed the ideal of the Enlightenment movement to reflect the right to pursue what one wanted without government restrictions.

"For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us..." This line of the Declaration of Independence refers to the Quartering Act of 1774, which was enacted by Parliament in response to a) the Boston Massacre b) the Intolerable Acts c) the Boston Tea Party d) the Committees of Correspondence

c) the Boston Tea Party The Declaration of Independence is filled with references to events that lead to the separation of the colonies from Great Britain. This line refers to the Boston Tea Party (1773). After colonists there destroyed a huge amount of British tea, Parliament wanted to make sure no further shenanigans were being planned by the colonists. They passed a new version of the Quartering Act, which required colonists to give housing and food to British soldiers if asked to do so. This Quartering Act was one of a series of laws the colonists referred to as the "Intolerable Acts."

Loyalty to WHICH governing model was displaced by ideas advanced in the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution? a) the dictatorship, or rule by one person with total power b) the oligarchy, or control by a small number of people c) the monarchy, or rule by divine right of a king d) the democracy, or government by the people

c) the monarchy, or rule by divine right of a king The ideas expressed in the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution asserted the people's right to govern themselves in opposition to a the divine right of kings on which the monarchy was based.

The concept that the people of a nation have a right to overthrow a government that acts against their common interests is known as a) civil rights b) checks and balances c) the right of revolution d) the right of first refusal

c) the right of revolution The right of revolution was a main theme for both the Declaration of Independence and Common Sense.

The primary goal of the people who began the American Revolution was a) to establish a new economic elite in North American b) to establish the world's first democratic government c) to achieve the rights they felt the British had been denying them d) to make legally binding the concepts of equality and liberty for all in the colonies

c) to achieve the rights they felt the British had been denying them The thought of democracy was not the primary motivation for those who began the Revolution. They yearned to regain the rights they felt the British had been denying them, and they hoped to start a new government based mainly on the British style of government, but with a few obvious changes.

"He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our people and eat out their substance. He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures." In this passage from the Declaration of Independence, the primary complaint of the colonists is centered around Parliament's passage of the a) Tea Act b) Stamp Act c) Sugar Act d) Quartering Act

d) Quartering Act The Quartering Act required colonial families to house and feed British soldiers. This was a significant hardship on colonial families and, they believed, a violation of the rights of a British citizen.

"What do we mean by the Revolution? The war? That was not part of the revolution; it was only an effect and consequence of it. The revolution was in the minds of the people, and this was effected fro 1760-1775, in the course of fifteen years, before a drop of blood was shed at Lexington." Based on this quotation about the American Revolution, John Adams was probably a) demonstrating that every cause has an effect b) establishing a timeline that led up to the war c) separating the war from the abuses that precipitated it d) connecting the revolution to people's individual rights and freedoms

d) connecting the revolution to people's individual rights and freedoms Adam's quotation suggests that the war was the outcome of American colonists' desire for the personal liberties denied them by British.

Both John Locke and Thomas Jefferson wrote about the natural rights of man. In what document are these "unalienable rights" specifically mentioned? a) the Bill of Rights b) the Mayflower Compact c) the Preamble to the Constitution d) the Declaration of Independence

d) the Declaration of Independence Specifically, the Declaration of Independence states "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness."