Unit 3: US History H
This amendment provided for the direct election of U.S. senators.
17th amendment
When did the Interstate Commerce Act become law?
1887
This amendment prohibited the sale and use of alcoholic beverages
18th amendment
Approximately what percentage of African Americans lived in the South at the start of World War I?
90%
This was one of the first groups of labor unions in the United States that later merged with the CIO.
American Federation of Labor
This Scottish-born American industrialist made his fortune in the steel industry, using vertical integration to decrease cost and increase profits by using vertical integration.
Andrew Carnegie
If a Native American lived on their allotted land for 25 years, what would he/she have to do to get their U.S. citizenship?
Become "civilized"
She was a major proponent of the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment and the founder of the League of Women Voters in 1920.
Carrie Chapman Catt
In the building of the Transcontinental Railroad in the 1860s, this railroad company began construction in California and built to the east, using a large labor force of mostly Chinese immigrants
Central Pacific
Which city was in the top five in population in BOTH 1900 and 2000?
Chicago
He was the Duwamish chief who worked with white settlers in the Pacific northwest during 1860s, urging cooperation as well as environmental responsibility.
Chief Seattle
The Central Pacific Railroad filled much of its need for labor by hiring ___ immigrants.
Chinese
The __________ of 1882 was one of the first pieces of legislation to limit immigration.
Chinese-exclusion act
Which person would have been LEAST likely to be considered a "Progressive" in the early 20th century?
Farmer
This 19th Century industrialist is best known for his company's production of the "sleeping car" for railroad travel, and for the 1894 labor strike surrounding it's production.
George Pullman
This was the hypothesis, originally proposed by Andrew Carnegie, that wealth was the great end and aim of man, and that those with it had a responsibility to put it to good use.
Gospel of Wealth
What is the term for buying out all of the competition in a particular industry?
Horizontal Integration
In 1900, the most populous cities were located __________.
In the East
This was a law created in 1887 to regulate railroads to ensure fair rates, eliminate rate discrimination, and regulate other aspects of common carriers.
Interstate Commerce Act
He was a U.S. banker and financier who was a leader in corporate finance and industrial mergers in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
J.P. Morgan
The New York industrialist who made hundreds of millions of dollars in the 19th century with this Standard Oil Company and pioneered the corporate strategy of vertical integration.
John D. Rockefeller
This is the name given to the combat between Lakota and Cheyenne and the US Army's Seventh Cavalry in 1876. It resulted in the deaths of nearly half of the unit, including General George Armstrong Custer.
Little Big Horn
How did corporations during the Gilded Age become stronger?
Many corporations teamed up with other corporations to create monopolies, which often controlled the industry.
This is the name of the Federal agency created in 1916 that manages the country's national monuments, historic sites, and other public spaces of national importance
National Park Service
What was the most populous city in 1900?
New York
"Tammany Hall" and "Boss" Tweed were powerful players in __________.
New York City
Rockefeller is MOST associated with what industry?
Oil
The direct election of U.S. Senators, women's suffrage, and greater government regulation of large industries were all issues of importance in the early 1900s to the
Progressives
This Oglala Lakota (Sioux) chief led his people in resistance to the U.S. Army in the Montana and Wyoming territories from 1866 to 1868.
Red Cloud
This is an area of land managed by Native American tribes, under the Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs. Because Native American tribes have limited national sovereignty, laws on tribal lands vary from those of the surrounding area. After the Indian Wars in the 1800s many tribes were forced to live in such areas.
Reservation
A founder of the Progressive Movement who led political reform efforts in Wisconsin and the United States
Robert LaFollette
Which two U.S. presidents can be considered Progressive?
Roosevelt and Wilson
The "Father of the American Industrial Revolution," he brought British textile technology to America.
Samuel Slater
Andrew Carnegie was a native of what country?
Scotland
Rockefeller's company was busted up in 1911 because it violated the __________.
Sherman AntiTrust Act
This Lakota Indian Chief helped defeat General Custer in the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876
Sitting Bull
What was the western-most city with the highest population in 1900?
St. Louis
What event seemed to cause the Great Migration to slow?
The Great Depression
Which Upton Sinclair muckraking masterpiece is credited with spurring the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act?
The Jungle
John D. Rockefeller was MOST affected by what?
The Sherman Antitrust Act
Melting Pot Theory
The belief that different immigrant groups in the U.S. lose their old identities in America and that a new American identity emerges from the blending of cultures.
Which of these was an effect of the rapid industrialization of the United States in the last half of the 19th century?
The economy was increasingly controlled by big corporations.
Which of these had the BIGGEST impact on westward migration in the United States?
Transcontinental Railroad
This fire in New York City on March 25, 1911, was the largest industrial disaster in the history of the city of New York, causing the deaths of 146 garment workers, and led to legislation requiring improved factory safety standards in the workplace.
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
In the building of the Transcontinental Railroad in the 1860s, this railroad company began construction in Nebraska and built to the west, using a large labor force of Irish immigrants and Civil War veterans.
Union Pacific
Which railroad company was responsible for building from the middle of the United States westward?
Union Pacific
What is the term for controlling/owning each step of a production process?
Vertical Integration
This is the combining of businesses that produce wildly dissimilar products into or under one organization
Vertical Merger
Who won the election of 1896 on a platform of increased industrialization, higher wages, and the "gold standard"?
William McKinley
Which president is most closely associated with the Nineteenth Amendment and women's suffrage?
Wilson
What event seemed to start the Great Migration?
World War I
The Populist Party sought to increase the power of
agricultural workers.
Where did most political machines arise and receive the most support at the turn of the century?
areas with large immigrant populations
In the early 1900s women's suffrage was __________.
controversial among feminists
People moving out of East Berlin is an example of what kind of population movement?
emigration
True or False: The Populists liked the railroad industry.
false
What occupation is MOST associated with the Populist movement?
farmer
The Progressive Movement sought to cure the political and social abuses that had arisen during __________.
gilded age
This was a group of American farmers who united in the late 19th century to lobby Congress to pass laws protecting them from unfair business practices of large industry.
grangers
The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution could be considered a "Progressive" amendment because it
granted suffrage to all American citizens, regardless of sex.
In 1889, Jane Addams founded the first settlement home in the U.S., known as __________.
hull house
___ is movement into a new country.
immigration
Movement into the "Sun Belt" is an example of what kind of population movement?
migration
Prejudice against immigrants was known as ___.
nativism
The purpose of Hull House was to help __________ acclimate to life in the U.S.
new immigrants
Who did the the government sell much of the best, most farmable land to?
non-Indians
Which group of people would have been MOST LIKELY to support Watson and the Populist Party?
poor farmers
This was the movement that advocated state control of railroads and currency expansion.
populist
Which era is credited with getting the 17th Amendment added to the U.S. Constitution?
progressive
The Populist Party was established in the 1890's to
protect the political and economic interests of farmers and laborers.
Political machines began to hold less power as governments began to __________.
provide more aid to people
The Interstate Commerce Act was created to regulate the ___ industry.
railroad
Which party was split because of a feud within the party?
republican
What nickname is sometimes given to men like Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Morgan?
robber barons
__________ was almost assassinated while preparing to give a speech in 1912.
roosevelt
Between 1850 and 1930, the largest number of immigrants were coming from
southern and eastern Europe
Before the Constitution was changed to allow for the "direct election" of US Senators, Senators were chosen by __________.
state legislature
Carnegie made his fortune primary in what industry?
steel
This is financial assistance from the government to encourage the production of or the purchase of a good.
subsidy
Women who protested and campaigned for the right to vote were known as ___.
suffragettes
The Pullman Strike of 1894 was ended when
the Federal government issued an injunction to end it.
Which financial policy would a wealthy, northern industrialist have been MOST LIKELY to support in the late 1800s?
the Gold Standard
According to the "Gospel of Wealth" supported by Andrew Carnegie and Horatio Alger
the accumulation of wealth is beneficial to society and the government should take no action to hinder this accumulation.
In 1870, population density in the United States was greatest in ___.
the northeast
Late-19th Century immigration to the United States would not have been possible without
transatlantic steamships.
This term is used to refer to a type of business organization created in the 19th century that was meant to eventually produce a monopoly.
trust
The Interstate Commerce Act was __ because it __________.
unsuccessful; was too vague
"Political Machines" were MOST common in __________.
urban areas
__________ won the election of 1912?
wilson
Addams became the first American woman to __________.
win the noble peace prize
The Nineteenth Amendment addressed the issue of __________.
women's suffrage
