Unit 4-developmental psychology
which of the following is the strongest correlation
-.90
Rachel plays on the high school basketball team. Her scores for the season are presented below: 4 6 6 9 10 12 15 19 Which of the following is the range of Rachel's cores?
15
which of the following is the median of rachel's scores
9.5
to study differences in the cognitive processing of younger and older adults, Genevieve assessed a group of 30 year olds and a group of 60 year olds using the same cognitive task. she found no significant difference in cognitive processing between the two groups. which of the following is a true statement that best explains her findings?
Genevieve's task involved semantic memory, which does not typically show decline among people of the ages she tested
a person that does not cheat on her test because she might get caught and be punished is demonstrating which level of morality according to Lawrence Kohlberg
PREconventional
modern research on jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development indicates that
Piaget UNDERestimated children's ability
the fact that imprinting is most certain to occur if the opportunity for imprinting is presented to the organism at a very specific age indicates the existence of
a critical code
which of the following did erik erikson say was the primary conflict through which a teenager needs to work
identity vs role confusion
which of the following are possible ways teratogens could influence an infant
all of the above (low birth weight, impaired cognitive abilities, physical deformities, lowered immune system)
in jean piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following best exemplifies the concept of accommodation
an infant trying unsuccessfully to suck her fist opens her mouth wider and is successful
ethical principles developed by the APA help ensure that human participants in psychological research
are protected from physical and psychological harm
researchers have found a negative correlation between income and dental problems. what conclusion can correctly be drawn from this statement?
as income increases, the likelihood of dental problems decreases
a child pointing at a horse and proudly saying "doggie!" is an example of which of the following processes
assimilation
Darien's father dictated who Darien's friends should be and what classes he should take, and he set an extremely early curfew. If Darien went against his father's wishes, the repercussions were harsh and swift. what type of parenting did Darien experience?
authoritarian
which task would most likely be easier for an older adult than a younger adult
completing a crossworld puzzle
schemas are
concepts of mental frameworks we use to interpret new information
five year old mary watches while her teacher pours equal amounts of water into two similar glasses. the liquid from one of the glasses is then poured into a tall, thin container, and Mary is asked which contains more-the original glass, thin container. she says the tall, thin container contains more liquid. according to jean piaget, this example illustrates a lack of
conservation
the results of Harry Harlow's experiments with infants monkeys and surrogate mothers show that
contact comfort was the primary basis of attachment for the infant monkeys
in an experiment to test the effects of hunger on aggressive behavior, aggressive behavior would be the
dependent variable
a developing human who has a heartbeat, but is not yet humanlike in form is most likely called a (n)
embryo
A child's sex is genetically determined by the
father
which of the following is more associated with environmental effects than with genetic influence
fetal alcohol syndrome
preschoolers often have trouble buttoning shirts due to less-developed
fine motor skills
hypothetical and deductive thinking are characteristics of which of Jean Piaget's stage of cognitive development
formal operations
seven-year old Maria helps her mother wash the dishes, while her nine-year old brother helps their father with the yard work. this involvement of the children in helping activities directly illustrates the process of
gender-role development
which of the following situations indicates an "on time" social clock in our culture
getting married in your 20s
Tina's mother often entertains Tina by bouncing a bunny puppet back and forth along the side of Tina's crib. Initially, Tina pays close attention to the puppet but after a while, she begins to ignore it and continues doing what she was doing before the puppet appeared. which of the following psychological concepts best explains Tina's change in behavior?
habituation
fifty-two year old mildred is beginning menopause. if she is like many north american women, she will experience
hot flashes
which developmental milestone must be reached before an infant experiences separation anxiety
object permanence
according to erik erikson, in late adulthood the individual reaches the 8th and final stage of the life span in which one reviews and evaluates one's life and the choices one has made. erikson labeled this stage
integrity versus despair
according to erik erikson, teenagers primarily struggle with forming a stable identity, while young adults in their 20s are typically resolving a conflict between
intimacy vs isolation
which psychologist is best associated with the theory of zone of proximal development
lev vygotsky
a female's first menstrual cycle
menarche
dr. grayson is interested in studying the relationship between weight loss and mood. to conduct the study, dr.grayson analyzes the results of several previous studies on weight loss and emotional state. which research strategy is dr. grayson using?
meta-analysis
thea is in a clothing store with her mother. a man walks by and passes behind a clothing rack. thea looks for him on the other side of the rack. her behavior shows she has developed
object permanence
egocentrism, animism, and artificialism are characteristic of which of Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development?
preoperational
primary sex characteristics include which of the following
presence of ovaries
in developmental psychology, one advantage of cross-sectional over longitudinal studies is that cross-sectional research
requires comparatively little time
when a newborn infant is touched on the cheek, the infant will turn its head toward the source of stimulation. this behavior is known as
rooting
research shows that women who are referred by a physician to participate in a study of eating disorders have more severe problems than women who volunteer on their own to participate in the study. If research on eating disorders regularly involves only women referred by physicians, the results of the studies might be limited because of the presence of
sampling bias
jeremy happily played with his colorful blocks while his mother was nearby. When his mother left the room, he became upset, but he quickly stopped crying and began to play with the blocks again. When his mother returned, he greeted her happily. Which of the following patterns of attachment reflects Jeremy's actions?
secure
how might erik erikson explain the actions of an adolescent who rejects her family's religious beliefs and starts to dress very differently
she is rebelling in an effort to form a stable identity
which of the following statements concerning the effects of aging is true
significant decreases in our senses of sight, smell, and hearing are associated with aging
Alexandra wants to test her new baby's Babinski reflex. To elicit the appropriate response, Alexandra will have to
stroke the sole of her baby's foot
which of the following describes the different emotional dispositions of infants
temperament
what hormone seems to be most closely linked with aggressive behavior?
testosterone
the results of correlational study involving student volunteers in a psychology laboratory might not apply to the general population because
the sample is not randomly chosen and therefore may not be a representative sample
Paul and Sally, who met and married in their mid 20s, have been married for 25 years and their youngest child recently graduated from high school and has left for college. which of the following is most likely true of this couple?
their martial relationship will IMPROVE
operational definitions are used for which of the following reasons
they enable researchers to replicate studies by precisely describing the variables and how they are used
which of the following is the best example of fluid intelligence
using cubes to figure out the solution to a previously unseen puzzle