Unit 4-developmental psychology

which of the following is the strongest correlation

-.90

Rachel plays on the high school basketball team. Her scores for the season are presented below: 4 6 6 9 10 12 15 19 Which of the following is the range of Rachel's cores?

15

which of the following is the median of rachel's scores

9.5

to study differences in the cognitive processing of younger and older adults, Genevieve assessed a group of 30 year olds and a group of 60 year olds using the same cognitive task. she found no significant difference in cognitive processing between the two groups. which of the following is a true statement that best explains her findings?

Genevieve's task involved semantic memory, which does not typically show decline among people of the ages she tested

a person that does not cheat on her test because she might get caught and be punished is demonstrating which level of morality according to Lawrence Kohlberg

PREconventional

modern research on jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development indicates that

Piaget UNDERestimated children's ability

the fact that imprinting is most certain to occur if the opportunity for imprinting is presented to the organism at a very specific age indicates the existence of

a critical code

which of the following did erik erikson say was the primary conflict through which a teenager needs to work

identity vs role confusion

which of the following are possible ways teratogens could influence an infant

all of the above (low birth weight, impaired cognitive abilities, physical deformities, lowered immune system)

in jean piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following best exemplifies the concept of accommodation

an infant trying unsuccessfully to suck her fist opens her mouth wider and is successful

ethical principles developed by the APA help ensure that human participants in psychological research

are protected from physical and psychological harm

researchers have found a negative correlation between income and dental problems. what conclusion can correctly be drawn from this statement?

as income increases, the likelihood of dental problems decreases

a child pointing at a horse and proudly saying "doggie!" is an example of which of the following processes

assimilation

Darien's father dictated who Darien's friends should be and what classes he should take, and he set an extremely early curfew. If Darien went against his father's wishes, the repercussions were harsh and swift. what type of parenting did Darien experience?

authoritarian

which task would most likely be easier for an older adult than a younger adult

completing a crossworld puzzle

schemas are

concepts of mental frameworks we use to interpret new information

five year old mary watches while her teacher pours equal amounts of water into two similar glasses. the liquid from one of the glasses is then poured into a tall, thin container, and Mary is asked which contains more-the original glass, thin container. she says the tall, thin container contains more liquid. according to jean piaget, this example illustrates a lack of

conservation

the results of Harry Harlow's experiments with infants monkeys and surrogate mothers show that

contact comfort was the primary basis of attachment for the infant monkeys

in an experiment to test the effects of hunger on aggressive behavior, aggressive behavior would be the

dependent variable

a developing human who has a heartbeat, but is not yet humanlike in form is most likely called a (n)

embryo

A child's sex is genetically determined by the

father

which of the following is more associated with environmental effects than with genetic influence

fetal alcohol syndrome

preschoolers often have trouble buttoning shirts due to less-developed

fine motor skills

hypothetical and deductive thinking are characteristics of which of Jean Piaget's stage of cognitive development

formal operations

seven-year old Maria helps her mother wash the dishes, while her nine-year old brother helps their father with the yard work. this involvement of the children in helping activities directly illustrates the process of

gender-role development

which of the following situations indicates an "on time" social clock in our culture

getting married in your 20s

Tina's mother often entertains Tina by bouncing a bunny puppet back and forth along the side of Tina's crib. Initially, Tina pays close attention to the puppet but after a while, she begins to ignore it and continues doing what she was doing before the puppet appeared. which of the following psychological concepts best explains Tina's change in behavior?

habituation

fifty-two year old mildred is beginning menopause. if she is like many north american women, she will experience

hot flashes

which developmental milestone must be reached before an infant experiences separation anxiety

object permanence

according to erik erikson, in late adulthood the individual reaches the 8th and final stage of the life span in which one reviews and evaluates one's life and the choices one has made. erikson labeled this stage

integrity versus despair

according to erik erikson, teenagers primarily struggle with forming a stable identity, while young adults in their 20s are typically resolving a conflict between

intimacy vs isolation

which psychologist is best associated with the theory of zone of proximal development

lev vygotsky

a female's first menstrual cycle

menarche

dr. grayson is interested in studying the relationship between weight loss and mood. to conduct the study, dr.grayson analyzes the results of several previous studies on weight loss and emotional state. which research strategy is dr. grayson using?

meta-analysis

thea is in a clothing store with her mother. a man walks by and passes behind a clothing rack. thea looks for him on the other side of the rack. her behavior shows she has developed

object permanence

egocentrism, animism, and artificialism are characteristic of which of Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

preoperational

primary sex characteristics include which of the following

presence of ovaries

in developmental psychology, one advantage of cross-sectional over longitudinal studies is that cross-sectional research

requires comparatively little time

when a newborn infant is touched on the cheek, the infant will turn its head toward the source of stimulation. this behavior is known as

rooting

research shows that women who are referred by a physician to participate in a study of eating disorders have more severe problems than women who volunteer on their own to participate in the study. If research on eating disorders regularly involves only women referred by physicians, the results of the studies might be limited because of the presence of

sampling bias

jeremy happily played with his colorful blocks while his mother was nearby. When his mother left the room, he became upset, but he quickly stopped crying and began to play with the blocks again. When his mother returned, he greeted her happily. Which of the following patterns of attachment reflects Jeremy's actions?

secure

how might erik erikson explain the actions of an adolescent who rejects her family's religious beliefs and starts to dress very differently

she is rebelling in an effort to form a stable identity

which of the following statements concerning the effects of aging is true

significant decreases in our senses of sight, smell, and hearing are associated with aging

Alexandra wants to test her new baby's Babinski reflex. To elicit the appropriate response, Alexandra will have to

stroke the sole of her baby's foot

which of the following describes the different emotional dispositions of infants

temperament

what hormone seems to be most closely linked with aggressive behavior?

testosterone

the results of correlational study involving student volunteers in a psychology laboratory might not apply to the general population because

the sample is not randomly chosen and therefore may not be a representative sample

Paul and Sally, who met and married in their mid 20s, have been married for 25 years and their youngest child recently graduated from high school and has left for college. which of the following is most likely true of this couple?

their martial relationship will IMPROVE

operational definitions are used for which of the following reasons

they enable researchers to replicate studies by precisely describing the variables and how they are used

which of the following is the best example of fluid intelligence

using cubes to figure out the solution to a previously unseen puzzle