Unit 4 Test
How does mitosis in animal cells differ from mitosis in higher plant cells?
Plant cells divide by means of a cell plate. Animal cells undergo furrowing.
Damaged cells of an organism are usually _____ by mitosis.
Repaired
Chromatin or chromosomes are duplicated during what phase?
S phase
Why don't cyanobacteria and bacteria reproduce by mitosis?
They do not contain chromosomes
All the chromosomes in a diploid cell are paired. True False
True
Which statement(s) correspond(s) correctly to a mutation? a mistake in the DNA "ladder" an additional gene (base pairs) added to DNA a copy error in the chromosomes information added to the genetic code
a mistake in the DNA "ladder" a copy error in the chromosomes
The chromosomes separate and move in opposite directions during what phase?
anaphase
What is the period of mitosis in which chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell?
anaphase
The _______ forms the pole of the spindle apparatus.
centriole
What is the threadlike substance in nucleus which carries genetic information?
chromatin
How many chromosomes are produced by the first division during meiosis?
double the original
The proteins which are required to reproduce DNA during interphase are:
enzymes
Genetic recombination results from events during:
first division of meiosis fertilization
The number of daughter cells produced by meiosis is:
four
What is the method of cytokinesis in animals?
furrowing
Which of the following cells would not divide using mitosis: gamete mammal cell flowering plant cell fungal cell bacterial cell
gamete bacterial cell
Gametes have _______ the chromosome number of the parent cell.
half
What has chromosomes which occur singly, not in matched sets or pairs?
haploid
What are matched pairs of chromosomes are called?
homologous
What has matched units of DNA containing genetic information?
homologous chromosomes
What is the period when the cell is not engaged in division?
interphase
What produces daughter cells with fewer chromosomes than the parent cell?
meiosis
The kind of cell division associated with an increase in size and weight of an organism is called _______.
mitosis
What is the membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell?
nuclear envelope
What does each chromosome usually contain?
one gene for a particular trait
Which of the following expressions is not a function of mitosis? production of gametes growth replacement of cells repair of damage from injury
production of gametes
The nuclear envelope disintegrates during what phase?
prophase
The phase during mitosis when DNA separates into pairs of chromosomes is:
prophase
Which of the following would be produced by meiosis? red blood cell cells of the stem in plants sperm cell epithelial cell
sperm cell
A system of fibers which go from one end of the cell to the other is what?
spindle apparatus
Chromosomes are attached to the _______ during the metaphase of mitosis.
spindle fibers
The cell plate is formed during what phase?
telophase
The spindle apparatus disintegrates during the _____ of mitosis.
telophase
The two basic functions of meiosis are:
to maintain chromosome number through generations cause genetic variations by recombination
