Unit 4 test study guide 12 edition
Pink, warm, dry
Normal skin color, temperature, and condition should be:
pulse strength
Observations made when forming a general impression of a patient would include all of the following, EXCEPT:
alleviate pain
Palliating factors regarding a patient's pain involve those that:
ashen.
Poor peripheral circulation will cause the skin to appear:
reservoir bag is fully inflated.
Prior to applying a nonrebreathing mask to a patient, you must ensure that the:
12-20 breaths per minute
The normal respiratory rate for an adult should range from:
Ventilation
The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called:
ensure that the correct regulator is used for the cylinder.
The purpose of the pin-indexing system for compressed gas cylinders is to:
60-90 seconds
The rapid exam of a patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than:
inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells
Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as:
Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation.
A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has agonal gasps, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway?
subcutaneous emphysema
A crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called:
carbon monoxide poisoning
A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. There is no evidence of injury, and the patient's medical history is not known. The patient's face is cherry red, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this?
with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare.
A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted:
responsive to painful stimuli
A patient who moves and cries out only when you pinch his or her trapezius muscle is said to be:
day and event.
A patient's short-term memory is MOST likely intact if they correctly answer questions regarding:
a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen.
A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when:
Suction as needed an insert an airway adjunct
After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient who has a pulse, you should:
increasing the amount of delivered tidal volume.
All of the following will help minimize the risk of gastric distention when ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-mask device, EXCEPT:
12-20 breaths/min
An adult at rest should have a respiratory rate that ranges between:
500 psi
An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than:
mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve.
As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the:
the body's ability to compensate for shock decreases.
As time progresses following a significant injury:
Exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 95%
Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplemental oxygen be administered?
It increases intrathoracic pressure, which decreases venous return to the heart and causes a decrease in cardiac output.
How does positive-pressure ventilation affect cardiac output?
Post quality, external, bleeding, and skin condition
During the primary assessment, circulation is evaluated by assessing:
a lower airway obstruction
During your assessment of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates:
Metabolism
Each cell of the body combines nutrients and oxygen and produces energy and waste products through a process called:
man with altered mental status after being exposed to blunt force trauma
For which of the following patients is spinal immobilization clearly indicated?
apneic oxygenation
High-flow oxygen with a nasal cannula during the preoxygenation phase of endotracheal intubation is called:
radial
In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse at the ________ artery.
60-100
In the adult, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than _______ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than _______ beats/min:
with difficulty breathing and adequate tidal volume.
Supplemental oxygen without assisted ventilation would MOST likely be administered to patients:
hypoxia due to prolonged suction attempts.
The MOST significant complication associated with oropharyngeal suctioning is:
cricoid
The __________ cartilage is a firm ring that forms the inferior part of the larynx
most serious thing the patient is concerned about.
The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the:
phrenic
The diaphragm is innervated by the _________ nerve, which allows it to contract.
minimum amount of pressure that is always present In the arteries
The diastolic blood pressure represents the:
cervical spine injuries
The jaw-thrust maneuver is used to open the airway of patients with suspected:
Ensure scene safety
Upon arriving at a potentially unsafe scene, you should first:
5,600 mL
What is the alveolar minute volume of a patient with a tidal volume of 500 mL, a dead space volume of 150 mL, and a respiratory rate of 16 breaths/min?
transport at once and consider requesting a paramedic unit.
When assessing a 62-year-old female with crushing chest pain, you note that her pulse is rapid and irregular. You should administer supplemental oxygen if needed and then:
repeating statements back to him or her.
When interviewing a patient, you can show him or her that you understand the situation by:
when you determine there are multiple patients
When is it MOST appropriate to consider requesting additional ambulances at an accident scene?
extremities
When performing a rapid exam on a supine patient, what part of the body is typically assessed last?
Repeat the primary assessment
When performing a reassessment of your patient, you should first:
Before exiting the ambulance and before actual patient contact
When should you take standard precautions during an EMS call?
2 seconds
When you assess capillary refill time in an infant, normal color to the tested area should return within:
constricting
When you inspect a patient's pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by:
stridor
Which of the following abnormal breath sounds indicates obstruction of the upper airway?
Rapidly assessing a patient's respiratory status
Which of the following actions would NOT be performed during the scene Size-up?
Blood glucose level
Which of the following assessments would be the MOST useful in determining the possible cause of a patient's altered mental status?
acute anxiety
Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?
Beta blocker medications
Which of the following factors would MOST likely cause a patient's pulse rate to be slower than normal?
forceful coughing
Which of the following findings indicates that your patient has a patent airway?
headache
Which of the following is an example of a symptom?
Bourdon-gauge flowmeter
Which of the following oxygen flowmeters is NOT affected by gravity and can be used in any position when attached to an oxygen cylinder?
seesaw breathing
Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is usually observed only in pediatric patients?
Patients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate.
Which of the following statements regarding breathing adequacy is correct?
Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries.
Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?
Blood pressure is usually not measured in children younger than 3 years of age
Which of the following statements regarding the blood pressure is correct?
The MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patient's injuries.
Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?
the secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the chief complaint
Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?
bronchus
Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?
Esophagus
Which of the following structures is contained within the mediastinum?
Deep respirations
Which of the following would NOT cause a decrease in tidal volume?
increased cardiac output
Which of the following would cause an increase in the amount of exhaled carbon dioxide?
incompletely convert glucose into energy, and lactic acid accumulates in the blood.
Without adequate oxygen, the body's cells:
log roll him as a unit to a supine position.
You are dispatched to a residence where a middle-aged man was found unconscious in his front yard. There are no witnesses who can tell you what happened. You find him in a prone position; his eyes are closed and he is not moving. Your FIRST action should be to:
nearly 100%
You are performing bag-mask ventilations with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min. What percentage of oxygen are you delivering?
seal the mouth and nose.
You are ventilating a patient with a stoma; however, air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should:
assess the presence of a brachial pulse
You receive a call to a daycare center for an unresponsive 8-month-old infant. Upon arrival, you perform an assessment and determine that the infant is not breathing. Your next action should be to:
perform a detailed head-to-toe exam and prepare for immediate transport.
You respond to the scene of a motor vehicle collision. Upon arrival, you find the driver, a young female, sitting on the curb. She is confused; is in obvious respiratory distress; and has pale, moist skin. As your partner manually stabilizes her head, you perform a primary assessment. After performing any immediate life-saving treatment, you should:
Corner of the mouth to the earlobe
to select the proper size oropharyngeal airway, you should measure from the:
