Unit 5 APUSH Exam
During the Civil War, diplomacy for the Union and the Confederacy
was critical for both
After halting Lee's troops at Antietam, General George McClellan
was removed from his field command
The Union's establishment of the National Banking System
was the first significant step toward a unified banking network since 1836.
Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed that these opponents of slavery
were creating disorder in America.
The Free Soilers argued that slavery
would cause more costly wage labor to wither away
The area in dispute between the United States and Great Britain in 1845 lay between the
Columbia River, the forty-ninth parallel, and the Pacific Ocean.
What made the Tariff of Abominations in 1828 so objectionable to southerners?
Certain imported goods became more expensive.
The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed
passions over slavery were becoming dangerously inflamed in both North and South.
The most common form of resistance on the part of black American slaves prior to the Civil War was
passive resistance, including breaking tools and slightly slowing the pace of work.
In arguing for the continuation of slavery after 1830, southerners
placed themselves in opposition to much of the rest of the Western world.
Most slaves in the South were owned by
plantation owners
The situation in Kansas in the mid-1850s indicated the impracticality of _______________ in the territories.
popular sovereignty
Of the following, the most threatening problem for the Union from 1861 through 1863 was
possible British recognition of the Confederacy
In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to
preserve the union.
John C. Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved all of the following except
prevent the spread of slavery in the California territory.
The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have
prohibited slavery in any territory acquired in the Mexican War
The Lecompton Constitution proposed that the state of Kansas
protect slave owners already in Kansas.
In announcing the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln's immediate purpose was to
rally Northern morale by giving the war a higher moral purpose than just preserving the Union.
When the people of Britain and France read Uncle Tom's Cabin, their governments
realized that intervention in the Civil War on behalf of the South would not be popular.
Lincoln's declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without slavery
revealed the influence of the Border States on his policies.
African Americans who fought for the Union Army in the Civil War
served bravely and suffered extremely heavy casualties.
The principle of "popular sovereignty" stated that
settlers in the Western territories, not Congress, would decide whether to allow slavery in their territories
In 1855, proslavery southerners regarded Kansas as
slave territory
The fatal split in the Whig party in 1852 occurred over
slavery
The Wilmot Proviso stipulated that
slavery should be prohibited in the lands acquired as a result of the Mexican War.
The paternalistic view of slavery held that
slavery was necessary to protect blacks from the mistreatment and abuse they would receive if they were freed.
As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin
slavery was reinvigorated
Most of the cotton produced in the American South after the invention of the cotton gin was
sold to England.
The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats' 1844 presidential candidate was secured by
southern expansionists.
The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of
strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of the Union.
After the Peninsula Campaign, Union strategy included all of the following except
striking deep into the Confederacy via the Appalachian Mountain chain.
The Wilmot Proviso
symbolized the burning issue of slavery in the territories.
By 1850, the South was losing perhaps ________ runaways a year out of its total of some 4 million slaves.
1000
What was Stephen Douglas's political position in his debates with Lincoln in 1858?
The Freeport Doctrine
Which of the following classes dominated southern politics before the Civil War?
The Land planters
Which of the following was an attempt to legitimize slavery in Kansas in the 1850s?
The Lecompton Constitution
What made the Pacific Northwest so desirable to the European nations who claimed it in the nineteenth century
The Puget Sound in the Pacific Northwest could be used as a harbor for shipping.
President James Buchanan's decision on Kansas's Lecompton Constitution
hopelessly divided the Democratic party.
Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin
intended to show the cruelty of slavery.
Many Northern states passed personal liberty laws in response to the Compromise of 1850 that
interfered with federal enforcement of the fugitive slave laws.
The North's victory at Antietam allowed President Lincoln to
issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
The Free Soilers condemned slavery because
it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise to self-employment
The Free Soil party of 1848 harbored many northerns who stood squarely against slavery in the territories primarily on the grounds that
it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise up from wage-earning dependence.
In coining the phrase "Manifest Destiny," journalist John L. O'Sullivan meant that
it was the destiny of America to overspread the continent
Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run would
lead to the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond.
The "black codes" of many Southern states in the 1830s were intended t
limit the rights of freed Blacks and force them to migrate to Northern states where they couldn't serve as models for slaves to idolize or emulate.
As late as 1856, many northerners were still willing to vote Democratic instead of Republican because
many did not want to lose their profitable business connections with the South.
All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measures EXCEPT the
massive exodus of former slaves from the South
As the Civil War began, the South seemed to have the advantage of
more talented military leaders.
The most pro-Union of the white southerners were
mountain whites
The central plank of the Know-Nothing party in the 1856 election was
nativism
The Congressional "gag rule" stipulated that
no antislavery petitions would be formally received by Congress.
Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American Colonization Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, and (C) Liberty party.
A, B, C
Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) the Battle of Bull Run, (B) the Battle of Gettysburg, (C) Lee's surrender at Appomattox, and (D) the Battle of Antietam.
A, D, B, C
Match each figure below with his role in the 1856 presidential campaign. A. John C. Frémont 1. Democratic nominee for president B. Millard Fillmore 2. Republican nominee for president C. Stephen A. Douglas 3. Know-Nothing (American Party) nominee for president D. James Buchanan 4. Too tainted by Kansas-Nebraska Act to obtain Democratic nomination
A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
Match each presidential candidate in the 1860 election below with his party's position on the slavery question. A. Abraham Lincoln 1. extend slavery into the territories B. Stephen Douglas 2. ban slavery from the territories C. John Breckenridge 3. preserve the Union by compromise D. John Bell 4. enforce popular sovereignty
A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
Match each abolitionist below with his role in the movement. A. Wendell Phillips 1. abolitionist martyr B. Frederick Douglass 2. black abolitionist C. Elijah P. Lovejoy 3. abolitionist golden trumpet D. William Lloyd Garrison 4. abolitionist newspaper publisher
A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
During the Mexican War, the Polk administration was called on several times to respond to spot resolutions, indicating where American blood had been shed to provoke the war. The resolutions were frequently introduced by
Abraham Lincoln
The Confederacy's most effective commerce-raider was the
Alabama
Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Dred Scott decision, (B) Lincoln-Douglas debates, (C) Kansas-Nebraska Act, and (D) Harpers Ferry raid.
C, A, B, D
Which of the following states the principle of Manifest Destiny?
America's expansion to the West Coast was inevitable and divinely sanctioned.
Which of the following best describes the situation in Kansas during the antebellum period?
As a result of the policy of popular sovereignty, Kansas became the site of much tension and bloodshed.
The Union army's success in the capture of _______________ was probably critical to Lincoln's reelection in 1864.
Atlanta and Mobile
All of the following are true of the Confederate war effort during the Civil War EXCEPT
Confederate industry was never able to adequately supply Confederate soldiers with the armaments they needed to successfully fight the war.
In his opinion on. the case Dred Scott v Sanford, Chief Justice Roger Taney ruled that
Congress had no right to regulate slavery in United States territories
Clement L. Vallandigham, a Southern sympathizer and vocal opponent of the war, was derisively labeled a
Copperhead
The primary objective of Manifest Destiny expansionists in the 1850s was
Cuba
As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates
Douglas defeated Lincoln for the Senate
What campaign slogan had to do with the negotiations to define the U.S.-Canadian border in the nineteenth century?
Fifty-four-forty or fight!
A victory at Antietam probably would have won Confederate independence because
France and Britain were on the verge of recognizing the Confederate government.
The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were
Gettysburg and Antietam.
The battle that is considered to be the "turning point" of the Civil War and the last chance at a military victory by the Confederacy is
Gettysburg.
By what means did the United States take possession of the Oregon Territory?
Great Britain ceded it to the United States as part of a negotiated treaty.
Uncle Tom's Cabin was written by
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Which of the following important events in westward expansion took place last?
Homestead Act
What major technological advance in naval warfare took place during the Civil War?
Iron-clad hulls
All of the following are true statements of the Compromise of 1850 EXCEPT:
It prohibited slavery in the lands acquired as a result of the Mexican War.
Which of the following was LEAST influential in bringing about Andrew Jackson's victory in the presidential election of 1828?
Jackson's defense of Native American property rights
The presidential candidate of the new Constitutional Union party in 1860 was
John Bell
The earliest known use of the term Manifest Destiny was by
John L. O'Sullivan
Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840, when they backed the presidential candidate of the
Liberty Party.
Which of the following is most closely associated with the presidency of James K. Polk?
Manifest Destiny
All of the following were causes of the Mexican War EXCEPT
Mexican failure to pay debts and damages owed to the U.S.
Which of the following were terms included in the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo?
Mexico was purchased as part of the American Southwest for $15 million.
Stephen A. Douglas's plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas-Nebraska scheme required repeal of the
Missouri Compromise.
The government of the Confederate States of America was first organized in
Montgomery, Alabama.
The group in the North most dangerous to the Union cause was the
Northern Peace Democrats
The majority of those who voted Republican in the 1854 elections were
Northern abolitionists
What region became a popular destination for Americans moving west in the 1840s?
Oregon
What was the main political position of the Republican Party when it was organized in the 1850s?
Slavery should not be allowed to exist in the new western territories
Which of the following best describes the attitudes of Southern whites toward slavery during the mid-nineteenth century (ca. 1835-1865)?
Slavery was a benefit to both whites and blacks.
Apologists for slavery in the South in the 1850's claimed all of the following EXCEPT:
Slavery would die out naturally.
Which of the following describes the occupation of the average southern white before the Civil War?
Small-scale family farmer
Which of the following were advantages enjoyed by the South at the beginning of the Civil War?
Superior military leadership and the defensive mode of their situation
Which of the following changes in westward migration occurred in 1848?
The number of pioneers headed for the Oregon territory decreased while the number headed for California greatly increased.
Which of the following states the principle of "popular sovereignty?"
The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there.
Which of the following provisions of the Compromise of 1850 provoked the most controversy in the 1850's'?
The strengthened Fugitive Slave Law
Which of the following was not among the issues that concerned southerners in 1849-1850?
There was a growing chance that a constitutional amendment would abolish slavery.
Slavery was legally abolished in the United States by the
Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution.
What was the leading cause of inflation in the South during the Civil War?
Too much paper money was printed by the Confederacy.
In the election of 1864, the Republicans joined with the prowar Democrats and founded the _______________ party.
Union
The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, ending the Mexican War, included
United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico.
The importance of the Border States became even greater when __________ was added to their number in 1861.
West Virginia
In 1840 the American Antislavery Society split into factions because
William Lloyd Garrison's advocacy of women's rights and pacifism alienated some members
The Aroostook War was the result of
a dispute over the northern boundary of Maine
President Lincoln's decision on what to do about the situation at Fort Sumter in the first weeks of his administration can best be characterized as
a middle of the road solution.
The Confederacy enlisted slaves into their army
a month before the war ended.
Uncle Tom's Cabin may be described as
a powerful political force.
One consequence of General William T. Sherman's style of warfare was
a shorter war that saved lives.
The United States' victory in the Mexican War resulted in all of the following except
acquisition of the Oregon territory.
Americans moved into Texas
after an agreement was concluded between Mexican authorities and Stephen Austin
Those people most opposed to President James K. Polk's expansionist program were the
antislavery forces
In the election of 1860, the Constitutional Union party was formed
as a middle-of-the-road party fearing for the break up of the union.
General Ulysses S. Grant's basic strategy in the Civil War involved
assailing the enemy's armies simultaneously and directly.
The British-American dispute over the border of Maine was solved
by a compromise that gave each side some territory.
Harriet Tubman gained fame
by helping slaves to escape to Canada
In his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown intended to
call upon the slaves to rise and establish a black free state.
In his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster
called for a new, more stringent fugitive-slave law
The idea of Manifest Destiny included all of the following beliefs EXCEPT that
commerce and industry would decline as the nation expanded its agricultural base
European immigration to the South was discouraged by
competition with slave labor.
James Buchanan won the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1856 because he
could distance himself and the Democrats from the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
John Tyler joined the Whig party because he
could not stomach the dictatorial tactics of Andrew Jackson
In light of future evidence, it seems apparent that in the Compromise of 1850 the South made a tactical blunder by
demanding a strong fugitive-slave law.
The event that threatened to destroy the longstanding equality of free and slave states in the United States Senate was the
discovery of gold in California
For free blacks living in the North
discrimination was common
Northern attitudes toward free blacks can best be described as
disliking the individuals but liking the race
The North's greatest strength in the Civil War was its
economy.
In the 1830s, Southern states passed a number of laws regarding the behavior of free blacks. These laws were intended to
encourage free blacks to migrate to the North
In the 1850's, the South differed from the North in that the South had
fewer European immigrants
To achieve its independence, the Confederacy had to
fight the invading Union army to a draw.
The public liked popular sovereignty because it
fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination
The issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation did all of the following EXCEPT
free all the slaves in the Confederacy and the Border States
In 1848, the Free Soil party platform advocated all of the following except
giving women the right to vote.
President James Buchanan declined to use force to keep the South in the Union for all of the following reasons except that
he believed that the Constitution allowed secession.
Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election primarily because
he gathered overwhelming support in the highly populated Northern states while his three opponents divided the anti-Lincoln vote in the North, West, and South.
Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because
he had been elected on a platform that opposed the extension of slavery.
The supreme test of American democracy in the nineteenth century was
the Civil War
All of the following sparked support for the abolitionist movement EXCEPT
the Conscription Act
In "Bleeding Kansas" in the mid-1850s, ________________ was/were identified with the proslavery element, and ________________ was/were associated with the antislavery free-soilers.
the Lecompton Constitution; the New England Immigrant Aid Society
The largest single addition to American territory was
the Mexican Cession.
President Polk's claim that "American blood [had been shed] on the American soil" referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near
the Rio Grande
Most of the early American settlers in Texas came from
the South and Southwest.
Much of the hunger experienced by Confederate soldiers in the Civil War was
the South's rickety transportation system.
Much of the hunger experienced by Confederate soldiers in the Civil War was due to
the South's rickety transportation system.
During the Civil War, Britain and the United States were nearly provoked into war by
the Trent affair, involving the removal of Southern diplomats from a British ship.
John C. Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved
the election of two presidents, one from the North and one from the South.
The Civil War resulted in all of the following except
the end of protective tariffs and isolationism.
The main issue of the 1850s Free-Soil party was that
the federal government should permit no further spread of slavery in the territories
In 1846, the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons except
the impulse to satisfy those asking for spot resolutions.
The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was the decision concerning
the new Fugitive Slave Law.
According to the principle of popular sovereignty, the question of slavery in the territories would be determined by
the people in any given territory.
The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 included all of the following provisions except
the requirement that fugitive slaves be returned from Canada.
Spanish authorities allowed Moses Austin to settle in Texas because
they believed that Austin and his settlers might be able to civilize the territory
The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because
they could not afford the purchase price.
To find effective high-level commanders, the Union
used trial and error
