Unit 5 - Chapter 19 - The Worlds of the North and the South - CONTENT
In 1806, to connect the East with the western states, Congress funded the building of the
National Road
Which best describes the difference between an agrarian and an industrialist in the 1800s?
One favors policies that support farming and the other favors policies that support factories
Why were textile mills built near rivers?
Rivers provided power to operate the mills
The invention of the cotton gin impacted the South by
having cotton become the South's most important crop
The Industrial Revolution influenced farming in the North by
increasing the rate agricultural goods could be produced
The effect of the cotton gin on slavery in the South was
it made slavery more important to the South
The South was a great place for growing certain crops that could not grow in the North because its climate had
mild, winters and long, hot, humid summers
By 1860, most Northerners lived
on small farms still
By the 1840s, what was the North's biggest business?
railroads
Which invention brought industrialization to Northern agriculture?
reaper
During the 1800s, the jagged New England coast was a great place for
shipbuilding, commerce, and fishing
The Southern coast was ideal for growing sugarcane and rice because of its
swamps and marshes
Which innovation helped make river travel better in the early 1800s?
the invention of the steamboat
Which of the following is true of Southerners during the 1800s?
Most Southerners were agrarians
Which of these best describes the Industrial Revolution?
A shift from handmade products to machine-made products
Who was at the bottom of the Southern social structure in the 1800s?
African Americans
What was an achievement of Francis Cabot Lowell?
He helped build one of the first American textile factories
Which of these is one reason that U.S. immigrants settled in the North?
It offered jobs in mills and factories
How did free African Americans respond to racism in the North?
They formed their own churches and businesses
Unlike the North, why did Southerners invest little money in mills and factories?
They put their money in land and slaves
Why did the South oppose laws to provide federal money for internal improvements, such as roads and canals?
They thought these improvements would benefit only Northern states
What was life like for free African Americans in the North?
They were not treated as equal to other citizens
The Central Plains provided the best
agricultural soil in the world
The economy of the South was based on
agriculture
By 1850, which of these was the most efficient way to move goods in the North?
by railroad
How were goods primarily transported in the South?
by river
In the South, the most important product shipped by water was
cotton
The clearing away of forests is
deforestation
Which conditions in Northern Europe encouraged emigration between 1845 and 1860?
war and famine
During the 1800s, which group of Southerners dominated the politics and economy of the South?
wealthy plantation owners
Who were the political leaders in the South in the mid-19th century?
wealthy planters