unit 5 part 4 set

if an area was originally forested and then underwent urban development, which of the following shows the most likely effects on various parts of the water cycle in the area A B C D E

A

which of the following solutions would help decrease flood frequencies and flood sizes that are caused by urbanization A. Using new, more permeable material for roads and sidewalks B. Filling nearby wetlands to reduce the amount of water in an area C. Encouraging construction of housing developments outward into nearby suburban and rural areas D. Installing new, more energy-efficient appliances in existing apartment buildings

A. Using new, more permeable material for roads and sidewalks

of the following, which constitutes the greatest percent of domestic use of water in the US A. flushing toilets B. drinking C. cooking D. washing dishes E. washing clothes

A. flushing toilets

which best illustrates a mitigation approach to climate change A, increasing the proportion of commercial energy that is produced by wind farms B. increasing the global land area that is devoted to agriculture C. increasing the global sales of air conditioners D. decreasing the price of gasoline for automoblies E. decreasing the cost of electricity derived from coal-fired power plants

A. increasing the proportion of commercial energy that is produced by wind farms

it has recently been estimated that the growth in the world pop has slowed in the past decade. despire this trend, environmentalists remain concerned about the environmental impact of world pop, principally because A. the standard of living is increasing in many developing countries, leading to an increased per capita use of natural resources B. people are living longer in developed nations, putting a strain on the economies of those countries C. life expectancy is still decreasing in Africa due to AIDS D. the standard of living is poor in many developing countries, leading to a great deal of deprivation and suffering E. fertility is falling due to exposure to endocrine disruptors released into the environment

A. the standard of living is increasing in many developing countries, leading to an increased per capita use of natural resources

which of the following will be the greatest impact of the development on the local water supply A. there will be less recharge of groundwater B. there will be less runoff of dill reservoirs C. there will be higher humidity in the suburb D. there will be decreased soul exposure, reducing bacteria loads in surface water E. there will be decreased erosion in local streams

A. there will be less recharge of groundwater

which of the following identifies and describes the equipment needed to best determine the amount of water that infiltrated the soil A. a scale should be used to measure the mass of both pallets immediately after pouring the water over the pavers and immediately after the one hour wait time B. a ruler should be used to measure the level of water above the pavers in both pallets immediately after pouring the water over the pavers and immediately after the one-hour wait time C. a soil triangle should be used to determine the soil texture in both pallets before and after the water is added to both pallets D. a turbidity meter should be used to determine the amount of particulate matter in both pallets before and after the water is added to both pallets

B. a ruler should be used to measure the level of water above the pavers in both pallets immediately after pouring the water over the pavers and immediately after the one-hour wait time

which of the following is best supported by the data shown in the table [Summary of Mean Water Quality Results] A. passage of rainwater through the green roofs increased the acidity of the water from increased formation of carbonic acid B. green roofs reduced levels of ammonium because the vegetation absorbed the pollutant C. green roofs are effective at removing all pollutants from rainwater bc the plants can absorb the toxins from the precipitation D. green roofs do little to improve rainwater runoff quality as most pollutants are not significantly different from the control roofs

B. green roofs reduced levels of ammonium because the vegetation absorbed the pollutant

if student 2 wanted to change his footpring to be more similar to student 1, which action would he choose based on the data given in table 1 A. using mass transit options when availabel B. reducing the amount of meat in his diet C. moving into a smaller home or an apartment comples D. upgrading his electronic devices more often

B. reducing the amount of meat in his diet

according to the information on the graph, which of the following would most effectively slow the loss of arable land A. increasing the efficiency of desalination processes B. reducing urban development C. increasing the efficiency of erosion control D. using more extensive irrigation systems E. discovering cheaper energy sources

B. reducing urban development

which of the following is the independent variable in the study A. the type of soul used in the pallets B. the type of pavers used in the pallets C. the infiltration rate of the water D. the temp of the room that the pallets were left in

B. the type of pavers used in the pallets

which of the following is the best example of gray water A. water that is high in calcium, magnesium, and iron B. water that has been used for bathing and for washing clothes C. water from toilets and garbage disposals D. runoff from parking lots E. rainwater collected from roofs

B. water that has been used for bathing and for washing clothes

based on the info show in the graph, which of the following statements is most likely to be true A. streams in watershed I experience substantially more algal blooms than those in water shed IV B. when precipitation varies, streams in watershed II experience the greatest fluctuations in water volume C. watershed III has the highest percentage of impervious surfaces D. the water quality of streams in watershed IV is excellent because of the abundance of nutrients available to aquatic organisms E. low dissolved oxygen is a severe problem in the streams in watershed I because of the inability of light to penetrate the forest canopy

B. when precipitation varies, streams in watershed II experience the greatest fluctuations in water volume

in 2007 in the US there were approximately 480 cars for every 1000 people. The total number of cars in the US in 2007 was closest to A. 150, 000 B. 30,000,000 C. 150,000,000 D. 300,000,000 E. 3,000,000,000

C. 150,000,000

storm water runoff from the new development into nearby Samel Creek will likley lead to which of the following A. biomagnificatioin of mercury in birds of prey such as eagles and osprey B. improved recreational opportunities for swimmers and boaters C. Destruction of fish habitats by high levels of suspended solids and sediments D. contamination of drinking water supplies by volatile organic compounds such as ozone E. increased incidence of waterborne diseases such as malaria

C. Destruction of fish habitats by high levels of suspended solids and sediments

as urbanization increases and natural soil surfaces are covered, the groundwater supply is reduced due to A. increased evaporation B. decreased surface runoff C. loss of recharge area D. confinement of aquifers E. capping of artesian wells

C. loss of recharge area

which of the following is the dependent variable in the study A. the type of soil is used in the pallets B. the type of pavers used in the pallets C. the infiltration rate of the water D. the temp of the room that the pallets were left in

C. the infiltration rate of the water

in a 30 day period, how many fewer gallons of water will the family use with the new showerheads A. 60 B. 800 C. 2,400 D. 3,600 E. 7,200

D. 3,600

based on the diagrams above, what is the percent change in the amount of runoff in urban areas compared to forested areas A. 81% decrease B. 60% decrease C. 150% decrease D. 450% decrease

D. 450% decrease

after reviewing personal footprint data, student 5 decides to take action to lower his or her overall footprint by reducing money spent on shoes and clothing. land use in which of the following categories will be most affected by this change A. food B. carbon emissions C. housing D. goods and services

D. goods and services

which of the following describes an aspect of urbanization that would most increase the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere compared rural and suburban areas A. a greater amount of impermeable surfaces in urban areas that prevents organic material from entering souls B. reliance on mass transportation systems in urban areas, such as buses and trains rather than individual cars and trucks, which increase carbon dioxide release C. decreased square footage of living space, per person, in the most housing units in urban areas that leads to an increased carbon footprint D. increased amounts of waster per unit area in urban areas that leads to higher rates if decay and decomposition

D. increased amounts of waster per unit area in urban areas that leads to higher rates if decay and decomposition

the chart compares the daily water use per person to the price of water in selected countries, Which conclusion can be correctly drawn using only the data in the chart A. water use and water price are directly proportional B. increased water use causes prices to decline C. increased prices cause water use to decline D. increased water use in generally correlated with lower water prices E. water is more plentiful in the US and Canada than in other countries

D. increased water use in generally correlated with lower water prices

which of the following best describes an environmental advantage of urbanization A. Individuals living in cities have more varies employment opportunities than individuals living in rural areas B. Individuals living in cities have greater access to health care that individuals living in rural areas C. individuals living in cites usually have greater access to fresh, local agricultural products than individuals living in rural areas D. individuals living in cities usually have a lower transpiration carbon footprint than individuals living in rural areas

D. individuals living in cities usually have a lower transpiration carbon footprint than individuals living in rural areas

assume that the rainwater from one of the green roofs ran off directly into a nearby lake. water quality results from which of the following parameters show that the green roof would likely improve quality in the lake A. total phosphorus B. magnesium C. boron D. nitrate

D. nitrate

which practice would have the biggest impact on achieving global sustainability A. recycling aluminum cans B. using fuel-efficient vehicles C. replanting deforested areas D. reducing human pop size E. developing ecotourism venues

D. reducing human pop size

which is a limitation of using only the data in the table to complete an ecological footprint analysis of the different students A. the footpring for each individual is based on simple calculations to determine approximate resource use B. the footprint uses a top-down approach to provide a complete picture of resource use for comparison between individuals C. the footprint uses global hectares, rather than hectares, to determine the approximate proportion of Earth's surface needed to support the activities of an individual D. the footprint is a static analysis and doesn't include all environmental impacts of individual

D. the footprint is a static analysis and doesn't include all environmental impacts of individual

the data in the table show mean concentrations of pollutants in rainwater leaving either green or conventional roofs. which of the following data would be needed to calculate the total amount of a pollutant leaving the roof during and following a rainstorm A. distance from street level to roof B. duration of the rain event C. total number of plants on the roof D. total volume of rainfall

D. total volume of rainfall

a sustainable society would emphasize A. maintaining the current rates of energy flow and resource use B. converting the world's high-quality energy resources to low-quality heat C. recycling both matter and high-quality energy D. using energy efficiently and reusing and recycling matter E. quickly expanding nuclear power, because it is a renewable resource

D. using energy efficiently and reusing and recycling matter

the combustion of 1 gallon of automobile fuel produces about 5 lbs of carbon. 2 autos are making a trip of 600 miles. The first auto gets 20 miles per gallon, and the second gets 30 miles per gallon. Approximately how much less carbon will be produced by the second auto on this trip? A. 300 lbs B. 150 lbs C. 100 lbs D. 75 lbs E. 50 lbs

E. 50 lbs

overuse of groundwater in coastal areas would most likely result in which of the following A. rise in water table B. increase in stream flow C. bacterial contamination of surface water D. saltwater intrusion E. decrease in eutrophication

E. decrease in eutrophication

which is the best example of an economic incentive that could be used to improve environmental quality and reduce resource waste A. charging user fees for extracting lumber from national forests B. requiting a pollution prevention bond for building a new landfill C. charging user fees for livestock grazing on public lands D. levying taxes on companies that discharge pollution into air and water E. providing tax breaks for companies that use recycled materials

E. providing tax breaks for companies that use recycled materials

one important step that homeowners in the new development can take to protect water quality in Samel Creek would be to A. apply lawn fertilizers immediately before storm events B. channelize Samel Creek to improve water flow during storm events C. use only persistent organic pesticides to control weed species in their lawns D. make certain that pet waste is disposed of directly into storm drains E. use rain barrels to reduce the flow of storm water into the creek

E. use rain barrels to reduce the flow of storm water into the creek