unit 5 retake

soon after taking a psychoactive drug, zachary experienced a dimished appetite, an increased pulse rate, dilated pupils, and feelings of self confidence and euphoria. Zachary experienced the effects of

LSD

at 3 o'clock in the morning, John has already slept for 4 hours. as long as his sleep continues we can expect an increasing occurrence of

REM sleep

research has shown that having an identical rather than fraternal twin with alcohol dependence puts one at an increased risk for alcohol problems. this finding suggests that

alcohol abuse may be significantly influenced by genetics

LSD and other powerful hallucinogens are chemically similar to and therefore block the actions of, a subtype of the neurotransmitter serotonin. at the synapse these drugs act as a(n)

antagonist

in one study, both hypnotized and unhypnotized subjects were told to throw acid in a researchers face. in this experiment hypnotized people

behaved in the same fashion as unhypnotized individuals

when cocaine is used it produces a rush of euphoria by

blocking the reuptake of dopamine

which of the following is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance

caffeine

prior to age 9, childrens dreams seem more like a slide show and less like an active story in which the dreamer is an actor. the content of dreams reflects childrens_____

cognitive development

until reading this question you were unaware that your shoes are pressing against your feet. this focusing of your conscious attention or selective attention illustrates that

conscious awareness is one part of the dual processing that occurs in our two-track minds

the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep are called

delta waves

one plausible theory suggests that hypnosis relieves pain by

distracting attention

Hypnosis involves a state of

heightened openness to suggestion

soon after taking a psychoactive drug, larisas breathing slowed, her pupils constricted, and her feelings of anxiety were replaced by blissful pleasure. Larisa most likely experienced the effects of

heroin

Ernest Hilgard suggested that participants felt little pain when their arms were lowered into ice baths because

hypnosis dissociates the pain sensation from the emotional suffering that people expect from pain

advocates of the social influence theory of hypnosis are likely to argue that

hypnotized people are simply enacting the role of good hypnotic subjects

how is the hypothalamus involved in sleep?

in response to decreasing light the hypothalamus' suprachiastmatic nucleus causes the pineal land to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep.

according to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to

its underlying but censored meaning

freud called the remembered storyline of a dream its _____ content

manifest

the british government classifies the highly adddictive form of ______ as one of the most dangerous drugs

methamphetamine

chronic sleep debt is most likely to promote

obesity

research indicates that memories retrieved during hypnosis are

often a combination of fact and fiction

which of the following provides the clearest indication of a drug addiction

physical dependence

just prior to awakening chinua from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua's therapist was attempting to make use of

posthypnotic suggestion

chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called _____ drugs

psychoactive

after drinking beer, akiva felt less guilty about the way he mistreated his wife and children. akvias reduced guilt most likely resulted from the fact that his alcohol consumption has

reduced his self awareness

alpha waves are associated with

relaxed but awake state

a rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces

sensitivity to pain

the rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during stage 2 sleep are called

sleep spindles

compared with when they were only 20 years old, 60 year olds

spend less time in deep sleep

the hypnagogic sensations of falling or floating occur in which stage?

stage 1

nicotine is classified as a

stimulant

REM rebound

tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

sleep apnea is a disorder involving

the cessation of breathing during sleep

when people are experiencing vivid dreams

their eyes are likely to move under their closed eyelids

after suffering a trauma, people commonly report an increase in

threatening dreams

as oxygen deprivation just prior to death turns off the brain's inhibitory cells, neural activity increases in the

visual cortex