unit 5 retake
soon after taking a psychoactive drug, zachary experienced a dimished appetite, an increased pulse rate, dilated pupils, and feelings of self confidence and euphoria. Zachary experienced the effects of
LSD
at 3 o'clock in the morning, John has already slept for 4 hours. as long as his sleep continues we can expect an increasing occurrence of
REM sleep
research has shown that having an identical rather than fraternal twin with alcohol dependence puts one at an increased risk for alcohol problems. this finding suggests that
alcohol abuse may be significantly influenced by genetics
LSD and other powerful hallucinogens are chemically similar to and therefore block the actions of, a subtype of the neurotransmitter serotonin. at the synapse these drugs act as a(n)
antagonist
in one study, both hypnotized and unhypnotized subjects were told to throw acid in a researchers face. in this experiment hypnotized people
behaved in the same fashion as unhypnotized individuals
when cocaine is used it produces a rush of euphoria by
blocking the reuptake of dopamine
which of the following is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance
caffeine
prior to age 9, childrens dreams seem more like a slide show and less like an active story in which the dreamer is an actor. the content of dreams reflects childrens_____
cognitive development
until reading this question you were unaware that your shoes are pressing against your feet. this focusing of your conscious attention or selective attention illustrates that
conscious awareness is one part of the dual processing that occurs in our two-track minds
the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep are called
delta waves
one plausible theory suggests that hypnosis relieves pain by
distracting attention
Hypnosis involves a state of
heightened openness to suggestion
soon after taking a psychoactive drug, larisas breathing slowed, her pupils constricted, and her feelings of anxiety were replaced by blissful pleasure. Larisa most likely experienced the effects of
heroin
Ernest Hilgard suggested that participants felt little pain when their arms were lowered into ice baths because
hypnosis dissociates the pain sensation from the emotional suffering that people expect from pain
advocates of the social influence theory of hypnosis are likely to argue that
hypnotized people are simply enacting the role of good hypnotic subjects
how is the hypothalamus involved in sleep?
in response to decreasing light the hypothalamus' suprachiastmatic nucleus causes the pineal land to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep.
according to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to
its underlying but censored meaning
freud called the remembered storyline of a dream its _____ content
manifest
the british government classifies the highly adddictive form of ______ as one of the most dangerous drugs
methamphetamine
chronic sleep debt is most likely to promote
obesity
research indicates that memories retrieved during hypnosis are
often a combination of fact and fiction
which of the following provides the clearest indication of a drug addiction
physical dependence
just prior to awakening chinua from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua's therapist was attempting to make use of
posthypnotic suggestion
chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called _____ drugs
psychoactive
after drinking beer, akiva felt less guilty about the way he mistreated his wife and children. akvias reduced guilt most likely resulted from the fact that his alcohol consumption has
reduced his self awareness
alpha waves are associated with
relaxed but awake state
a rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces
sensitivity to pain
the rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during stage 2 sleep are called
sleep spindles
compared with when they were only 20 years old, 60 year olds
spend less time in deep sleep
the hypnagogic sensations of falling or floating occur in which stage?
stage 1
nicotine is classified as a
stimulant
REM rebound
tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation
sleep apnea is a disorder involving
the cessation of breathing during sleep
when people are experiencing vivid dreams
their eyes are likely to move under their closed eyelids
after suffering a trauma, people commonly report an increase in
threatening dreams
as oxygen deprivation just prior to death turns off the brain's inhibitory cells, neural activity increases in the
visual cortex