Unit 7 World CIv Study Guide

What was the cause of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) oil embargo of 1973?

Arab oil-producing states wanted to pressure Israel's First World allies by halting oil exports to them.

In which of the following ways was the Prague Spring in 1968 similar to the Hungarian uprising in 1956?

Both attempts to decrease communist authoritarianism in eastern Europe were crushed by the Soviet military.

Which of the following is a similarity between the decolonization experiences of Algeria and South Africa?

Both countries had large numbers of European settlers, which prevented a smooth transfer of power.

Which of the following accurately compares the immigration experiences of Europe and Japan during and after the 1970s?

Both had guest worker programs, but Europe allowed for more permanent settlement than did Japan.

What impact has the Taliban had on life in Afghanistan?

Decreased rights for women

In the late twentieth century, which of the following actions by Deng Xiaoping turned China into the world's second-largest economy (after Tiananmen Square)?

Deng opened the country to foreign trade and investment.

What was the status of Germany by 1990?

East and West Germany reunified under a democratic government

Which of the following encouraged the European powers to surrender their African colonies?

European powers were too deep in debt to invest more in pacifying the discontented Africans.

In the 1970s, Soviet life expectancy began to climb because of economic development and industrialization.

False

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the effects of globalization?

Globalization has created new possibilities and also deepened disparities in income and power between and within the world's regions and peoples.

Who were the Vietcong?

Guerilla fighters in South Vietnam who supported communism

Who was the communist leader of North Vietnam?

Ho Chi Minh

Which of the following led to the end of white minority rule in Rhodesia in 1979?

Independent African states supported a successful guerrilla movement under Robert Mugabe.

How did the international division of labor in the production of goods change between the period immediately following World War II and the end of the twentieth century?

Industrial production increasingly moved to new centers of manufacturing, especially in East Asia.

In what way did the Internet revolution reinforce the disparity between haves and have-nots in the 1990s?

Large numbers of the world's people, especially in poor or rural areas, did not have access to the Internet.

What impact did the practice of apartheid have on South Africans?

Limited higher education and the best economic opportunities to whites only

Which of the following was an important effect of the fall of the Berlin Wall?

Many new countries joined both the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

The leader in South Africa who helped end the practice of apartheid was:

Nelson Mandela

Who organized the attacks on America at 9/11?

Osama Bin Laden, head of al-Qaeda

Which of the following was a response to Nikita Khrushchev's speech in 1956 attempting to separate Stalinism from true communism?

Polish and Hungarian intellectuals tried to break away from strict communist controls.

In which of the following ways did the United States attempt to counter growing radicalism in Latin America?

President John Kennedy sent advisers to dole out aid, explain how to reform local land systems, and demonstrate the benefits of liberal capitalism.

Which of the following is a reason why some First World powers supported South Africa during the 1950s and 1960s?

South Africa was anticommunist.

What was the significance of Tiananmen Square in 1989?

Students protested for more democracy; Chinese military shut down the protests with tanks

What was the purpose of the Red Guards?

Students that carried out Mao's Cultural Revolution in China

What impact did the Cultural Revolution have on China?

The Cultural Revolution went too far, and China was left paranoid and even more unstable

Which of the following is a reason why the Algerian War of Independence shocked French citizens and the colons?

The French government had declared that Algeria was not a colony, but an integral part of France.

During the 1970s and 1980s, which of the following significantly weakened the Soviet bloc?

The Solidarity movement in Poland challenged Soviet control.

During the 1980s, which of the following was an effect of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

The Soviet army lost prestige in the stalemate that developed.

Even though many of the 9/11 hijackers were from Saudi Arabia, why did the United States invade Afghanistan following the attacks?

The Taliban had allowed al-Qaeda to have training camps in Afghanistan and were hiding people responsible for 9/11

Which of the following was the main reason why the United States became involved in the conflict between North and South Vietnam?

The United States supported South Vietnam because it feared the spread of communism throughout Southeast Asia.

Which of the following factors was the most significant cause of the failure of Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward in 1958?

The communes failed to provide enough food to avoid famine and the manufactured goods were inferior.

What was an additional major impact of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

The instability caused by the decades of war created a power vacuum that the Taliban rose up in

What were the effects of Gorbachev's reforms on the Soviet Union?

The trend towards democracy increased quickly- bringing about a rapid collapse to the Soviet Union

Multinational corporations had which of the following impacts on Third World countries?

They expanded countries' agricultural and manufacturing sectors but impeded the growth of local firms.

American culture is not only highly influential in the globalized modern world, but it is also influenced by ideas and cultural traditions from other parts of the world.

True

The development of the Internet and online trading not only helped capital to move more freely around the world, but it also led to more economic volatility.

True

The Vietnam War resulted in:

Vietnam being unified under a Communist regime

What was the fate of the only democratically elected prime minister of the Congo?

With the covert support of the United States, the Congolese army captured Lumumba, executed him, and dismembered his body.

Which of the following were goals of Third World nations?

defeating imperialism and challenging global inequality

What was the main reason that North America's population quadrupled in the twentieth century?

immigration

Which of the following was one of the causes of the protests in Tiananmen Square in 1989?

increasing public awareness of government corruption

Which Cold War event brought the world closest to nuclear war?

the Cuban Missile Crisis

What contributed to Japan's postwar economic "miracle"?

the Japanese government's protectionism and partnerships with private firms

What helps to explain the end of apartheid in South Africa?

the collective pressure of internal opposition and international ostracizing, including boycotts

During the 1970s and 1980s, which of the following caused internal trouble for both the Soviet Union and the United States?

the cost of the arms buildup

Which of the following contributed to the globalization of the late twentieth-century world?

the emergence of a unified world market and changes in technology

What were the stated postwar functions of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund?

to decrease poverty and stabilize monetary systems in the Third World

Which of the following groups of Africans led anticolonial movements immediately following World War II?

urban unemployed, former servicemen, and the educated