Unit 8
A broker-dealer's business model allows for only the purchase and sale of securities for retail customer accounts. It does not execute, settle, or clear its customer's transactions, nor does it tend to any back-office functions such as sending trade confirmations or forwarding proxies. This broker-dealer would best be described as what type of firm?
B) Introducing/fully disclosed A fully disclosed introducing broker-dealer is what the word implies—it introduces its customer's business to a clearing firm. Clearing firms (often called carrying firms or agents) hold funds and securities and settle transactions (clear and process) for their correspondent introducing firms. Essentially, the clearing firm acts as the introducing firm's back office.
It is expected that financial markets
B) have transparent pricing for assets.
Which of the following is not part of the secondary markets?
C) Mutual fund market
A broker-dealer that executes trades and settles transactions for another broker-dealer is called
D) a carrying firm Carrying firms, also known as clearing firms, execute trades, clear and settle transactions, take custody of customer funds and securities, and handle all back-office tasks such as sending trade confirmations and statements for themselves as well as for other broker-dealers classified as introducing or fully disclosed firms.
Having been told that a firm incorporates proprietary trading in its business model buying and selling securities into and out of its own inventory you would know that it is
D) a market maker. Broker-dealers who incorporate proprietary trading into their business model are known as market makers. As a market maker the broker-dealer trades in their own account attempting to profit. A firm making markets may be a carrying firm or a fully disclosed firm. Commissionable transactions are those done by brokers for customer accounts, not proprietary trades.
Great Plains Securities, an OTC market maker, holds inventory and provides liquidity for Modulux Homes, an NYSE listed company. This is an example of
D) the third market When an exchange-listed security trades in the OTC market, it is being traded in the third market. The fourth market is composed of electronic communication networks and is primarily used by institutional investors. Primary markets are for raising capital.
When shares are held in street name, this refers to the shares being
held in the name of the broker-dealer for the beneficial owner.
All of the following are benefits of using a prime broker except
research.
Secondary market transactions would include all of the following except
sale of $10 million of corporate bond by a broker-dealer acting as an underwriter. UNDERWRITERS ARE FOR THE PUBLIC OFFERING NOT SECONDARY MARKET
A firm that functions for the purpose of receiving and delivering payments and securities on behalf of both buyer and seller in a securities transaction is
A) a clearing agent.
Your broker-dealer executes trades for other broker-dealers and after execution settles those transactions for them. Your firm would be classified as which of the following?
Carrying firm
Correspondent firms would be likely to have relationships with which of the following types of broker-dealers?
Self-clearing A self-clearing (or carrying) firm holds funds and securities of the fully disclosed or introducing firm's customers and performs related functions, such as sending confirmations and statements for them. Those firms for whom the carrying firm performs these services are known as their correspondents.
Your broker-dealer, rather than clear its own securities transactions, chooses to introduce its business to another firm that will clear, processes and handle all back-office operations for it. The firm receiving the business is known as
a carrying firm.
A broker-dealer that accepts the risk of holding a particular security in its account to facilitate trading and provide liquidity in that security is best described as
a market maker. Market makers can be individuals or broker-dealers with a line of business to stand ready to buy or sell securities (make markets) with the view of being profitable by buying low and selling high or selling high and buying low (short selling). Market making is risky. Firms that do this must demonstrate to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) that they can manage the operational and financial risk.
A clearing corporation agent or depository for securities transactions
can be a commercial bank. A clearing agent can be a broker-dealer but doesn't have to be. In addition to broker-dealers, commercial banks can act as clearing agencies and depositories, as can corporations that are set up specifically to clearing securities transactions and taking custody of funds and securities
All of the following are acceptable choices to function as a depository and intermediary for transactions between buyers and sellers of securities except
credit unions. Credit unions cannot serve as a depository or clearing facility for securities transactions.
Carrying firms may not
mix customer funds and securities with their own.
In a prime brokerage account, the prime broker
) provides custody and clearing services, as well as margin loans.
Which of the following statements would describe the Fourth Market?
A market for institutional investors in which large blocks of stock, both listed and unlisted, trade in transactions unassisted by broker-dealers The Fourth Market is a market for institutional investors in which blocks of stock trade through ECNs that are open 24 hours a day acting as agents.