Unit 8 Quiz #2
How did the British gain the favor of the Mughal Emperor and end Portuguese involvement?
The British defeated the Portuguese in the Battle of Swally declaring them the dominant force in India.
How did the Portuguese Cartaz System contribute to Indian traders preferring to work with the British rather than Portuguese?
The Portuguese would use Cartaz documents to limit the amount of goods and countries India could trade with.
What were the effects of the Treaty of Tordesillas
The Spanish spent most of their effort exploring and conquering the Western hemisphere, while the Portuguese devoted their time and power to Africa and the Indian Ocean.
How did the powers granted by king Charles II differ from the original purpose of the British East India Company?
The company could now decide both civil and criminal laws over the people that lived in their acquired areas.
What was the encomienda system?
The formation of large farms and mines that used native Mesoamerican people as slave labor.
What role did technology play in Spanish domination?
The use of artillery allowed to Spanish to dominate in battle, so the Aztecs did not really have a chance
How did Portugal's location contribute to its exploration in the 15th century?
Portugal could not easily access trade routes within the Mediterranean, and Portugal has a lot of coastlines along the Atlantic with experienced sailors as part of their culture.
Identify 2 conquistadors and explain what they did.
-In 1519, Hernando Cortés came to Mexico and defeated the powerful Aztec Empire. -Francisco Pizarro led another Spanish force that conquered the mighty Inca Empire. In both instances, the Spanish found GOLD AND SILVER and killed many indigenous people.
How did England gain land from the French?
England will become the dominant European country in the Americas by 1750. *
Where was England located?
Along the East Coast.
What methods did the Dutch East India Company use to control trade in Indonesia?
Brutal force to drive out indigenous populations and/or force them into slavery.
Why do you think Columbus was so determined to find new islands or mainland?
By sailing West to find new land, Columbus would be granted many positive things through his contract with the King and Queen of Spain.
What colony did the French establish? Where was it located?
Canada
What was one effect of Spanish colonization?
Charles V of Spain ordered that sugar masters (slave owners) and mill technicians (slaves) be taken from the Canaries Islands to work on the sugar plantations.
Identify the struggles the Incan Empire were dealing with when Pizarro arrived.
Civil War
What was Cortes looking for when he landed on the coast of Mexico?
Gold
Why did Magellan head to Malacca?
He went to Malacca to find spices.
Where did the Dutch have control in Asia?
Indonesia "Spice Islands"
Which colony did England establish?
Jamestown Plymoth
What is Magellan credited with doing?
Magellan is the first person to circumnavigate the globe (sail around).
The Spanish encomienda system is similar to which other systems we have previously spoken about in other units?
Millet System, mansabdar system, feudal system.
How did Montezuma show complete submission to Cortes?
Montezuma allows Cortes to place a necklace around his neck and then proceeds to provide them a royal place to sleep, ornaments of gold and silver.
How did Native Americans lose their way of life?
Native Americans will be forced off their lands due to English colonization, many will die from warfare, and disease.
Although Prince Henry the Navigator was not an explorer, how did he contribute to Portuguese exploration?
Prince Henry will use his wealth to fund or pay for exploration voyages.
What did the Royal Charter give Great Britain?
Provided the British East India company with a monopoly on trade in the Indian ocean.
Define line of demarcation.
Separation between the Azores.
What goods were the Dutch interested in from the "East Indies"?
Spices
What was the original purpose of the British East India Company?
They simply wanted to make money for the companies shareholders (investors).
What tactics were used by the Spanish to exert their authority over the indigenous people that lived in Spanish territory?
They used guns, broke through walls, used heavy artillery, musketeers, and crossbows.
What did the treaty give the British rights to?
To build factories and live in Coastal Indian cities.
England economy
Tobacco and cotton plantations.
How did European trade routes in the Eastern Hemisphere change after the 16th century?
Trade routes changed from being land based (Silk Roads) to oceanic based (using sailing technology).
What did the Dutch build in the cities they controlled in Asia?
Trading ports
Who did Pizarro gain support from to conquer the empire?
Tribes who opposed Incan rule.
How did the voyage of Christopher Columbus change the Americas?
When Columbus sailed West he hoped to reach Asia, but landed in the Caribbean. This "new world" then became the Americas and the Spanish began to create colonies.