Urinary Elimination

A client is being treated for AKI and the client daily weights have been ordered. The nurse notes a weight gain of 3 pounds (1.4 kg) over the past 48 hours. What nursing diagnosis is suggested by this assessment finding?

excess fluid volume

Which of the following would the nurse expect to find when reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal failure?

increased serum creatinine level

During hemodialysis, toxins and wastes in the blood are removed by which of the following?

Diffusion

A client is diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which symptom would the nurse most likely assess?

Hypertension

The nurse is caring for a patient that has developed oliguria. Oliguria is defined as urine output less than ___________mL/kg/hr

0.5

A nurse is teaching a client about peritoneal dialysis. The nurse should tell the client the dwell time is:

20 minutes

The nurse is caring for a client with acute glomerular inflammation. When assessing for the characteristic signs and symptoms of this health problem, the nurse should include which assessments? Select all that apply.

Assess the client's BP. Assess for the presence of peripheral edema.

Based on the pathophysiologic changes that occur as renal failure progresses, the nurse identifies the following indicators associated with the disease. Select all that apply.

Hyperkalemia Anemia Hypocalcemia

Compliance to a renal diet is a difficult lifestyle change for a patient on hemodialysis. The nurse should reinforce nutritional information. Which of the following teaching points should be included? Select all that apply.

Restrict fluid to daily urinary output plus 500 to 800 mL. Restrict sodium to 2,000 to 3,000 mg daily. Eat foods such as milk, fish, and eggs.

Based on her knowledge of the primary cause of end-stage renal disease, the nurse knows to assess the most important indicator. What is that indicator?

Serum glucose

The nurse is caring for a client receiving hemodialysis three times weekly. The client has had surgery to form an arteriovenous fistula. What is most important for the nurse to be aware of when providing care for this client?

Taking a BP reading on the affected arm can damage the fistula.

A nurse on the renal unit is caring for a client who will soon begin peritoneal dialysis. The family of the client asks for education about the peritoneal dialysis catheter that has been placed in the client's peritoneum. The nurse explains the three sections of the catheter and talks about the two cuffs on the dialysis catheter. What would the nurse explain about the cuffs? Select all that apply.

The cuffs are made of Dacron polyester. The cuffs stabilize the catheter. The cuffs prevent the dialysate from leaking. The cuffs provide a barrier against microorganisms.

A client with a history of chronic renal failure receives hemodialysis treatments three times per week through an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the left arm. Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan?

assess the AV fistula for a bruit and thrill

A client's renal failure has become chronic. Which signs and symptoms are associated with chronic renal failure? Select all that apply.

bleeding of the oral mucous membranes muscle cramps lethargy

The nurse is educating a client who is required to restrict potassium intake. What foods would the nurse suggest the client eliminate that are rich in potassium?

citrus fruits

The client with chronic renal failure is exhibiting signs of anemia. Which is the best nursing rationale for this symptom?

diminished erythropoietin production

A client, aged 75, is diagnosed with a renal disease and administered nephrotoxic drugs in normal doses. The nurse is aware that it is important to observe the client closely for any changes in renal status. Which of the following measures may help a nurse determine a change in renal status?

observing the client's urinary output

A client diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. The nurse anticipates administering:

sodium polystyrene sulfonate (kayexalate)

A 15-year-old is admitted to the renal unit with a diagnosis of postinfectious glomerular disease. The nurse should recognize that this form of kidney disease may have been precipitated by what event?

streptococcal infection

A nurse receives her client care assignment. Following the report, she should give priority assessment to the client:

who, following a kidney transplant, has returned from hemodialysis with a sodium level of 110 mEq/L and a potassium level of 2.0 mEq/L.