Urinary System

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Which of the following is dependent on tubular secretion?

All below: *Clearing penicillin from the blood *Removal of nitrogenous wastes that have been reabsorbed *Removal of excess potassium ions from the blood *Control of blood pH

Segmenal Veins

Cannot be found in the urinary system

Glomerulus

Capillaries

What is the glomerulus?

Capillaries

Order of Urine Draining into Kidney

Minor Calyx Major Calyx Renal Pelvis Ureter

Urine passes through the ureters by which mechanism?

Peristalsis

Tubular Secretion is :

Reabsorption in reverse

The cells of the JG produce what?

Renin

Most reabsorption is an ____________ ________.

active process

Angiotensin II:

acts directly on the blood vessels to cause vasoconstriction (and an increase in peripheral resistance)

Caticolamines come from the

adrenal medulla

The glomerulus is where:

all filtration takes place

Blood Buffers are:

anything that resists change in pH

Small cortical arteries branch off the ________ _______ and run outward to supply the cortical tissue.

arcuate arteries

The medulla and the cortex are separated by the

arcuates

Ureters

are continuous with renal pelvis and the peristalsis aids gravity in urine transport

Blood plamsa is

extracellular fluid

Filtration takes place in the __________ _________.

glomerular (Bowman's) capsule

Alkalosis

pH above 7.45

Acidosis

pH below 7.35

Efferent arterioles go into the

peritubular capillaries

The smallest fluid compartment is the:

plasma

Anti-Diruetic Hormone causes ____________ of water in the _______________ ______.

reabsorption, collecting duct

JG cells produce ________ & are found where ____________ & _______________ meet.

renin, afferent arteriole, distal convoluted tubules

Ureters are:

slender tubules attaching the kidney to the bladder, they are continuous with the renal pelvis

Bicarbonate Buffer System is used to balance a ________ ____ with a _____ ______.

strong acid, weak base

What does the ureter drain?

the renal pelvis

What drains the ureter?

the renal pelvis

What does the renal pelvis drain into?

the ureter

What system secretes water?

the urinary system

Effects of aldosterone include:

* Increase in water retention * Increase in potassium ion concentration * Higher blood pressure

Aldosterone

*regulates sodium *promotes reabsorption of sodium & water *Leads to high blood pressure and blood volume

An example of filtrates are:

1) H20 2) Salts (NaCL) 3) HCO3 4)Urea 5) Glucose, Amino Acids 6) some drugs

3 Layers of Adrenal Cortex

1) Mineralocortocoids 2) Gluccocortocoids 3) Sex Hormone Secreting Area

Parts of the medulla

1) collecting duct 2) Loop of Henle (nephron loop) 3) Peritubular Capillaries

Nephrons are associated with two capillary beds-

1) the glomerulus 2) the peritubular bed

Three Materials that never Reabsorb

1) urea 2) uric acid 3) creatinine

Functions of the Urinray System

1) waste products 2) nitrogenous wastes 3) toxins 4) drugs

What are the funtions of the urinary system?

1) water balance 2) electrolyte balance 3) blood volume/pressure homeostasis 4) balance pH

3 Blood Buffer Systems are:

1)Bicarbonate 2)Phosphorus 3)Protein

Normal pH of urine

3-8

Normal Blood/water in elderly

45%

Normal Amounts of water in Blood in a Young Adult Woman

50%

Which is the normal percentage of body weight that is water for a young to middle-aged man?

60%

Normal water in Blood Amount in Babies

75%

How does the body keep the pH levels neutralized?

Any of the following: weak base, bicarbonate ion, sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, bicarbonate buffer system

Microscopic examination of a section of the kidney shows a thick-walled vessel with glomeruli scattered in the tissue on one side of the vessel but not on the other side. What vessel is this?

Arcuate Artery

The medulla and the cortex are separated by the ______ ____ and the __________ __________.

Arcuate vein and arcuate artery

In the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, strong acids are buffered by:

Bicarbonate Ion

An example of pH is:

H+

Renal hilum is an _____________.

Indentation

There is no such body part called a

lomerulus


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