U.S. History II Unit Test

The Nuremberg trials after World War II were largely a symbolic exercise because: A. A small number of Nazis were charged. B. A small number of perpetrators, such as Himmler, were charged. C. A small number of Nazis did not defend themselves. D. A small number of perpetrators were charged with one crime.

A. A small number of Nazis were charged.

The mass murder of Jewish people in Russia was carried out by: A. Concentration camps. B. The Final Solution. C. The Kristallnacht. D. Mobile killing squads.

A. Concentration Camps.

The Declaration on Liberated Europe stated that: A. Germany would be divided into four Allied-occupied zones. B. Germany would allow its territories to become free nations. C. Soviet-occupied countries would have free elections after the war. D. Soviet and Western powers would join together in a league.

A. Germany would be divided into four Allied-occupied zones.

Which was a direct consequence of the Japanese conquering the Philippines in 1942? A. General MacArthur escaped to Australia. B. American and Filipino troops retreated to Bataan. C. General MacArthur pushed Japanese troops out of the country. D. Japanese troops captured American and Filipino soldiers.

B. American and Filipino troops retreated to Bataan.

How did the Battle of Okinawa affect President Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan? A. It showed that Japan was close to surrendering. B. It showed that the US could not win the war without it. C. It showed that Japan was willing to fight to the end. D. It showed the US could easily defeat Japan.

C. It showed that Japan was willing to fight to the end.

A negative economic effect of World War II was: A. A global depression. B. Huge losses in agriculture. C. Millions of refugees. D. Millions of deaths.

D. Millions of death.

How did Admiral Chester Nimitz affect the Allied victory in the Pacific? A. He developed and implemented key battle strategies. B. He made the decision to drop the atomic bomb. C. He planned bombing raids on Japan from aircraft carriers. D. He commanded Allied forces in the Southwest Pacific theater.

A. He developed and implemented key battle strategies.

Read a paragraph from an essay supporting Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan during World War II. [1] Many people have argued that nothing could justify the president's use of the atomic bomb because it killed so many innocent civilians. [2] Truman himself refused to drop a third atomic bomb on Japan because he was horrified by the death and devastation it had caused. [3] However, he never regretted his decision to use it in the first place. [4] Using the bomb brought an immediate end to a war that might have gone on for months or even years longer. [5] It is impossible to put a number on how many more deaths the continuing war might have caused, but there are indications. [6] Millions had already died in the Pacific theater. [7] Whenever US troops invaded an island, they knew the fight was to the death. [8] In the battle for Okinawa alone, there had been almost 50,000 US casualties, while Japan had suffered some 90,000 military deaths and at least 100,000 civilian deaths. [9] With his decision, Truman put an end to the slaughter. Which of these sentences should be followed by a citation? A. Sentence 2 B. Sentence 4 C. Sentence 5 D. Sentence 9

A. Sentence 2 OR: C. Sentence 5

During World War II, the Battle of Midway was significant because it: A. Significantly weakened Japanese and US land troops in the region. B. Was the first significant win for the Japanese in the Pacific. C. Denied the Japanese the chance to launch a direct attack on Australia. D. Occurred on the open sea rather than near the target island.

A. Significantly weakened Japanese and US land troops in the region.

Which of the following events led most directly to the end of World War II in Europe? A. The D-Day invasions B. The Battle of Stalingrad C. The Red Army's capture of Berlin D. The suicide of Hitler in May of 1945

A. The D-Day invasions.

Which of the following best summarizes how the conflicts in Rwanda in 1994 are related to the Holocaust? A. The events in Rwanda show that genocide can still happen, despite the impact of the Holocaust. B. The events in Rwanda show that genocide has stopped because of the effects of the Holocaust. C. The events in Rwanda show that the international community has forgotten the impact of the Holocaust. D. The events in Rwanda show that the international community no longer cares about the effects of the Holocaust.

A. The events in Rwanda show that genocide can still happen, despite the impact of the Holocaust.

Supporters of using the atomic bomb at the end of World War II believed that: A. Japan might win the war if the bomb was not used. B. Americans were tired of war and the US should end it quickly. C. Russia was developing a bomb and the US needed to use it first. D. Japan was developing a bomb and the US needed to use it first.

B. Americans were tired of war and the US should end it quickly.

During the final years of World War II in Europe, American and British bombing raids: A. Supported invasions of Italy. B. Destroyed German factories and cities. C. Were ineffective as German air power grew. D. Were mounted out of bases in the Soviet Union.

B. Destroyed German factories and cities.

In 1942, the Allies began their "Europe-first" strategy by invading: A. The Soviet Union. B. France. C. Japan. D. North Africa.

B. France

Read an outline for an argumentative essay. 1. Introduction: Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan A. Claim: Truman's choice to use the atomic bomb against Japan was the right one because it brought the war to an end, saved lives, and established a lasting peace. 2. Body paragraph: Using the bomb ended the war A. Evidence: Japan refused to surrender before the bomb was dropped .B. Evidence: Japan surrendered four days after Hiroshima. C. Conclusion: It was the bomb that changed Japan's mind. 3. Body paragraph :A. Evidence: B: Counterargument: C: Conclusion: What will be the topic of the third paragraph in this essay? A. Why Japan decided to surrender B. How using the atomic bomb saved lives C. Why it was wrong to use the atomic bomb D. How using the bomb led to a lasting peace

B. How using the Atomic Bomb saved lives.

Which sentence states a reason that would support a claim in favor of American use of the atomic bomb during World War II? A. On August 6, 1945, the US Air Force dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, killing more than 70,000 people. B. Japan's surrender came just days after the bombing of Hiroshima, ending the war and saving countless lives. C. Niels Bohr was one of the many physicists who worked at Los Alamos to develop the atomic bomb. D. Many scientists, including Albert Einstein, opposed the development and use of further nuclear weapons.

B. Japans surrender came just days after the bombing of Hiroshima, ending the war and saving countless lives.

Which best describes the 1942 Allied strategy in North Africa? A. The Allies advanced on Axis troops in Libya from both east and west, trapping them in the middle. B. The Allies pushed Rommel's troops out of Egypt and trapped them against more Allied forces in the west. C. The Allies first fought Rommel in Morocco and Algeria, then moved eastward into Egypt. D. The Allies landed along the coast and pushed inland, forcing Rommel's troops into the Sahara.

B. The Allies pushed Rommel's troops out of Egypt and trapped the against more Allied forces in the West.

Which controversial general commanded the US 7th Army in the Allied conquest of Sicily? A. Dwight Eisenhower B. Bernard Montgomery C. George Patton D. Douglas MacArthur

C. George Patton.

What supply problems did the Allies face in Europe during World War II? A. Road and rail routes had been destroyed by the war, so it was hard to transport supplies to their troops. B. Supplies had to travel a long way overland through harsh weather, so they often did not reach the troops that needed them. C. Most supplies were manufactured in the United States, so sabotage by antiwar groups there was common. D. Supplies had to travel a long distance across water on ships that were often attacked, so they did not reach Europe.

C. Most supplies were manufactured in the United States, so sabotage by antiwar groups there was common.

After World War II, Berlin was controlled by: A. The Axis nations. B. The Soviet Union. C. The Allied nations. D. The United States.

C. The Allied Nations.

Why did Nazi Germany build concentration camps in Poland? A. to turn other governments against Jewish people B. to show how powerful Nazi Germany was C. to separate Jewish people from the rest of the public D. to kill larger numbers of people

C. To separate Jewish people from the rest of the public. OR: D. To kill larger numbers of people.

Read the draft of a body paragraph in an argumentative essay. Executive Order 9066 was a response to suspicion and prejudice. In the days following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, military commanders were concerned because most Japanese Americans lived on the West Coast, where many military installations were also located. As a result, nearly all Japanese Americans on the West Coast were relocated and interned. This was clearly unconstitutional. How could the writer improve this draft? A. By moving the first sentence to the end of the paragraph B. By using fewer big words and making the sentences shorter C. By adding evidence that suspicion and prejudice were involved D. By creating another paragraph with evidence of unconstitutionality

D. By creating another paragraph with evidence of unconstitutionality.

Why did Allied forces find so much destruction when they finally reached Germany? A. German troops had destroyed the country to prevent the Allies from finding supplies. B. German civilians had been rioting to protest the war and the actions of the Nazi regime. C. German cities and factories had been destroyed by the many battles between ground troops. D. German cities and factories had been destroyed by an ongoing Allied bombing campaign.

D. German cities and factories had been destroyed by an ongoing Allied bombing campaign.

German scientists were concerned about Nazi restrictions on uranium sales because: A. Uranium would not be available for industrial research. B. Uranium was important to German missile programs. C. Uranium paid for German scientific research. D. Uranium could be used in research on atomic weapons.

D. Uranium could be used in research on atomic weapons.

When Bataan fell in April 1942, most US and Filipino soldiers who surrendered to the Japanese: A. Succumbed to disease and starvation in Bataan. B. Were forced to build their own POW camp. C. Were executed by the Japanese soldiers who captured them. D. Were beaten and marched to a POW camp by Japanese soldiers.

D. Were beaten and marched to a POW camp by Japanese soldiers.