VAH Study Guide
Intaglio
"to cut"
How did Maya Lin come up with her idea for the memorial?
A long period of reading and thinking followed by a moment of intuition
What did event did Manohar's painting of the king and son commemorate?
A moment of reconciliation between a father and son, who had a violent falling out
Registration
Aligns all the blocks in a multi-block print
Who is credited with inventing lithography
Alois Senefelder
Drypoint
An artist uses the sharp point to incise a soft line into a copper plate
nonobjective art
Art that has no recognizable subject matter
What did Maya Lin create the Vietnam Veterans Memorial as a place for?
As a place for contemplation and remembrance, she thought pain was necessary for healing
When visual weight is equally distributed in a composition, the composition looks...
Balanced
As the drypoint needle creates the line work, what does it leave behind?
Burrs
The process of making paper that is used today was invented where?
China
What drawing material uses a greasy binder, clay, and pigment to be formed into an array of colorful sticks?
Conte
What do artists do?
Create places for some human purpose, create extraordinary versions of ordinary objects, record and commemorate, give tangible form to the unknown, give tangible form to feelings and ideas, refresh our vision and help us see the world in new ways
Monotypes
Creates one unique print. Artist works directly on a smooth plate with paints or ink. Transferred to paper or some other surface through applied pressure. Element of the unknown
Representational art
Descriptive of a work of art that depicts forms in the natural world
Abstract
Descriptive of art in which the forms of the visual world are purposefully simplified, fragmented or otherwise distorted
non-objective art
Descriptive of art that does not represent or otherwise refer to the visible world outside itself
In what culture is the ink process seen as painting instead of drawing?
East Asia
What did Paleolithic cave paintings presence in deep hard to reach places suggest?
For Stone-Age image makers to have gone to such lengths, their work must have been meaningful
Three things that gives art meaning
Form and content, materials and techniques and iconography
Marcel Duchamp
Fountain
trompe l'oeil
French for "fool the eye," representational art that mimics optical experience so faithfully that it may be mistaken momentarily for reality.
What is the advantage of using the intaglio process
Images look similar to pen and ink drawings
Which characteristics are needed to create unity and variety?
Interest, wholeness and diversity
Which printing process can transfer a quality print through hand-rubbing paper on the printing surface?
Monotype
What does symmetry in art often represent?
Order, harmony and authority
What was photogravure originally used for
Print photographs and photographic reproductions of art
Screenprinting
Process of printmaking where ink is transferred to a surface through a mesh screen. Uses stencils to block areas of the screen and prevent ink from transferring. requires careful registration. Multiple screens for multiple colors.
Size relationships between parts of a whole, or between two or more items perceived as a unit, is known as....
Proportion
Style
Refers to distinctive, recognizable ensemble of recurring characteristics
Who used the golden section?
Renaissance architects and artists
How can the principle of rhythm be identified?
Repetition of elements in a composition
What are modern methods of printmaking
Screen printing and digital printing
What does Shiva represent in the sculpture?
She is dancing the destruction and rebirth of the world, the end of one cycle of time and the beginning of another
What does the V-shaped granite on a sloping hill suggest?
Suggests perhaps a modern entrance to an ancient burial mound
What makes wood engraving appealing to artists?
The ease at creating fine white lines
Form and content
The physical appearance of the art and what it's about and how that allows us to make meaning from it
How can an asymmetrical composition look balanced?
The visual weight on each side is similar
Why is the principle of variety used
To provide interest in the image
Unity based on the elements of art, such as shape, line and color, is called________ unity
Visual
What is the relative heaviness or lightness of a form in a composition?
Visual weight
What is used to make a symmetrical composition if it does not possess absolute symmetry?
Visual weight
Materials and techniques
What the art is made out of and how it is made
Kente
Woven in hundreds of patterns, each with its own name, history and symbolism. Usually worn by the wealthy
linocut
a carving of linoleum
Wood cut
a wood block is used as the printing plate or matrix
Conceptual unity
all content elements support the same subject matter
Visual unity
all design elements are supporting the same visual theme
Emphasis
attention is drawn to specific parts of the composition
What are the principles of design?
balance, proportion and scale, unity and variety
The substance that allows drawing media either to be bound together or suspended in fluid is called...
binder
What are liquid media?
brush and ink, pen and ink
What are inking methods?
brush, quill, radiography
Graphite is a form of what mineral?
carbon
What is charcoal made of?
charred wood
Focal Point
clealry defined area of interest
What were some of the earliest encaustic paintings discovered
funeral portraits
What is the most common drawing material encased in wood?
graphite
How is value created using metal point?
hatching
Scale
how big or small something is compared to what we expect things to be in real life or how big or small something is compared to each other within the composition
What are the basic printmaking methods used to create print?
intaglio, lithography and relief
Collage is different from papier collé in what way?
it uses any kind of material
Subordination
less visually interesting information in the composition
Lithography- planographic
limestone is preferred plate although aluminum and zinc can be used. drawing with a specialized waxy substance directly on the plate. Soaked in acid to fix the drawing. Submerged in water- waxy substance repels the water. ink adheres to the waxy drawing and is repelled by water. transferred to paper/surface.
Contour lines
lines that connect points of equal elevation
The portion of a pen that transfers ink onto the drawing surface is known as ______.
nib
Oil paints are considered what kind of medium?
nonaqueous
Mezzotint
picture engraved on copper or steel by polishing or scraping away parts of a roughened surface
In relation to drawing media, what is pigment?
powdered coloring material
When melting the wax for the encaustic method, the artist adds what?
powdered pigment
Which principle applies when elements create a pattern in a work of art?
rhythm
wood engraving
similar to woodcut but on the end of the block of wood (cutting across the grain vs with the grain)
Lithography
the process of printing from a flat surface treated so as to repel the ink except where it is required for printing.
Hierarchical Scale
the representation of important figures as larger than less important figures
Metal point creates what kind of line work?
uniform and delicate
Asymmetrical Balance
visual weight is different on either side
Symmetrical Balance
visual weight is the same on either side (like a mirror image)
Radial
visual weight radiates from a central point (almost in a circular shape)
The process of diluting ink with water when drawing is known as what?
wash
What is the technique of using a brush to apply ink diluted with water to a drawing surface?
wash
An aqueous media is diluted with ______.
water
what is added to pigments when using the encaustic technique
wax
