Vascular registry URR practice tests

Medical Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) define detail

- pressed too tightly by celiac art and nerves nearby - when diaphram caudal: symptoms relieved - when diagram more cephalad: art pinched abd

Factors that indicate SMA stenosis

-IMA dilated and seen by US -PSV> 2.75m/s -mesenteric- AO ratio >3

SVC syndrome

Progressive obstruction of SVC dilates upper extremity dil of bil IJV

String Sign

critical stenosis that can only allow thin string of blood through the opening

Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)

- Rare stenosis condition- abnormal cell growth (medium to large arteries) - Primarily affects carotid and renal art ( increased risk of dissection/ aneurysm) - Most common: distal ICA of women aged 40-60 yrs - assoc with stenosis of renal artery

C-reactive protein (CRP)

A c-reactive protein test measures the level of c-reactive protein (CRP) in your blood. CRP is a protein made by your liver. It's sent into your bloodstream in response to inflammation. Inflammation is your body's way of protecting your tissues if you've been injured or have an infection. It can cause pain, redness, and swelling in the injured or affected area. Some autoimmune disorders and chronic diseases can also cause inflammation. Normally, you have low levels of c-reactive protein in your blood. High levels may be sign of a serious infection or other disorder

Buerger's disease

A condition in which the blood vessels, especially those supplying the legs, are constricted whenever nicotine enters the bloodstream, the ultimate result being gangrene and amputation.

May Thurner Syndrome AKA and Define

AKA: Illiac compression syndrome Define: compression of LT CIV btw RT CIA and Spine

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia AKA and define

AKA: Osler Weber Rendu Define: autosomal dominant affect musculature of multiple organs

Nutcrack syndrome It leads to

Abnormal compression of Lt renal vein by SMA and AO renal vein congestion and thrombosis

Popliteal entrapment

Abnormally enlarged calf presses main art (pop art) behind knee

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a type of blood test that measures how quickly erythrocytes (red blood cells) settle at the bottom of a test tube that contains a blood sample. Normally, red blood cells settle relatively slowly. A faster-than-normal ratemay indicate inflammation in the body

PHACE syndrome, what does it stand for?

Cogenital malformation of arterial vasculature

Hypothenar hammer syndrome

Compression of ulnar artery against hook of hamate Corkscrew superficial palmar arch Pseudoaneurysm Emboli to digital arteries Ddx: Buerger's HAMMER ON ULNAR

What is Tardus parvus It is indicative of

Delayed AT waveform prox renal stenosis

What is spectral broadening and where is it seen

Distal and at stenosis site

Whats endoleak Whats type 2 endoleak which vessels are most common sources of type 2 endoleak

Endoleaks occur when blood leaks back into an aneurysm sac following an endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) procedure—one of the procedure's most common complications A Type II endoleak results when increased pressure within the side branches of the aorta force blood to leak back into the lower-pressure aneurysm sac. This is the most common type of endoleak, and is generally considered benign. However, it is often unpredictable IMA, internal illiac, lumbar art, accessory renal art

Diff btw Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) and Atherosclerosis

FMD- in medial layer Atherosclerosis- in intimal and medial layer

What is angular and facial artery

Facial is part of ECA and angular is part of facial

Takayasu arteritis

Granulomatous (giant cell) inflammation of media and adventitia of large elastic arteries. IAsian women. Female-to-male ratio of 10:1. Most often affects thoracic aorta and its proximal branches and pulmonary arteries.

Wernicke aphasia

Happened to NICKI in india receptive aphasia- Inability to understand speech, speak or follow directions.

The ophthalmic artery most commonly arises as the first major branch of the ____

ICA

Sclerotherapy

Injecting saline in vericose veins to narrow them

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome

Klippel-Trenaunay (klih-PEL tray-no-NAY) syndrome ― also called KTS ― is a rare disorder found at birth (congenital) involving abnormal development of blood vessels, soft tissues (such as skin and muscles), bones, and the lymphatic system. The main features include a red birthmark (port-wine stain), overgrowth of tissues and bones, and vein malformations with or without lymphatic abnormalities COGENITAL ABSENCE OF DEEP VEINS WHICH CAUSES NUMEROUS PROMINENT SUPERFICIAL ABNORMALITIES

Lemierre's syndrome

Lemierre's syndrome is a severe illness caused by the anaerobic bacterium, Fusobacterium necrophorum which typically occurs in healthy teenagers and young adults. The infection originates in the throat and spreads via a septic thrombophlebitis of the tonsillar vein and internal jugular vein.

___ is the reason for upper extremity thrombosis in ambulatory patients Define the reason

Paget Schrutter Paget-Schroetter disease, is a form of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a medical condition in which blood clots form in the deep veins of the arms. These DVTs typically occur in the axillary and/or subclavian veins.

Greenfield filter is used to do what

Placed in abdominal IVC portion to catch emboli before reaching heart or lungs

Renovascular HTN

Renal hypertension (or renovascular hypertension) is high blood pressure caused by the narrowing of your arteries that carry blood to your kidneys. It is also sometimes called renal artery stenosis. Because your kidneys are not getting enough blood, they react by making a hormone that makes your blood pressure rise

What is superficial varicosities

Superficial varicosities are the result of high-pressure flow into a normally low-pressure system. Varicosities carrying retrograde flow are hemodynamically harmful because they cause recirculation of oxygen-poor, lactate-laden venous blood back into an already congested extremity.

Temporal arteritis Expected finding in pt with this disease

Temporal arteritis is a serious disorder that causes chronic inflammation of the large and medium arteries of the head, which supply oxygenated blood to portions of the head and brain. This inflammatory disease results in an inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients in the brain and head areas low resistance flow

Seldinger technique Its used in performing ___ procedure

The Seldinger technique, also known as Seldinger wire technique, is a medical procedure to obtain safe access to blood vessels and other hollow organs. It is named after Dr. Sven Ivar Seldinger (1921-1998), a Swedish radiologist who introduced the procedurein 1953. A wire paced in AFTER NEEDLE REMOVED Seldingers technique

Lemierre syndrome affects which vessels

Thrombophlebitis of jugular veins with orthopharyngeal infection

Bilateral visual disturbance are most commonly assc with ____ disease Define that disease

Vertebrobasilar disease Vertebrobasilar disease is a broad classification describing the condition where there is an insufficient delivery of blood flow via the vertebral and/or basilar arteries to the brain. Blood is delivered to the brain via the carotid and vertebral arteries.

Eagle Syndrome

compression of carotid artery

Asher sign

enlargement of spleen that extends across midline anterior to abdominal AO

Cross over collateralization

flow from Lt ACA moves into RT ACA through anterior feel communicating artery

Allens test

he Allen test is a first-line standard test used to assess the arterial blood supply of the hand. This test is performed whenever intravascular access to the radial artery is planned or for selecting patients for radial artery harvesting, such as for coronary artery bypass grafting or for forearm flap elevation

Whats ECA to ICA collateralization

in presence of a CCA occlusion, flow is often preserved through the ICA via retrograde flow in the ECA ( there is reverse flow seen in ECA which enters ICA). Colour flow Doppler is essential in defining flow direction and to confirm occlusions of the carotid arteries

Leriche syndrome

obstruction of distal AO

Budd Chiari Syndrome define and lead to complications such as:

obstruction of hepatic veins by thrombus or tumor complications: hepatic congestion, hepatomegaly, ascites, RUQ pain, jaundice.

Which side of stenosis will show largest spectral window

prox of stenosis (large spectral window- narrow bandwidth- laminar flow)

Post phlebitic syndrome

symptomatic chronic venous insufficiency after DVT

The portal vein or hepatic portal vein (HPV) is a blood vessel that carries blood from ___ to the _____

the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen to the liver

What is oppposite of vasodilation?

vasospasm or vasoconstriction ( narrowing of artery)

__ is sign of chronic venous disease

wet ulcers ( dry ulcers are of acute arterial disease and they are more painful)