Volume 4 Chapter 10

Patients are classified as hypothermic when their core temperature drops​ below: A. 35°C. B. 30°C. C. 40°C. D. None of the above

A

The most common arrhythmia seen in hypothermia​ is: A. atrial fibrillation. B. ventricular fibrillation. C. ventricular tachycardia. D. third-degree heart block.

A

To eliminate the risk of altitude​ illness, climbers should climb below​ ___________, where​ high-altitude illness starts to manifest. A. 12,000 feet B. 6,000 feet C. 8,000 feet D. 4,000 feet

C

What is TRUE regarding preventing a​ heat-related illness? A. Wait until you are thirsty to begin fluid replacement. B. Acclimatization decreases body fluid volume. C. Limit exposure to hot environments. D. Prepare to acclimatize rapidly.

C

When is hyperbaric therapy NOT usually​ necessary? A. HAPE B. Acute mountain sickness C. Pulmonary overpressure accident D. Decompression sickness

C

When providing fluid resuscitation to a hypothermic​ patient, the rate of infusion should​ be: A. 500 to 600​ mL/hour. B. 250 to 275​ mL/hour. C. 150 to 200​ mL/hour. D. 100 to 125​ mL/hour.

C

To treat for the excessive loss of sodium in patients with hyperthermic​ emergencies, the paramedic​ should: A. always administer salt tablets in all patients with heat emergency. B. administer salt tablets only to patients experiencing heat exhaustion. C. administer salt tablets to patients only if they are conscious and alert. D. never administer salt tablets under any circumstance.

D

According to the American Heart​ Association, if a hypothermic patient who is in cardiac arrest does not respond to initial defibrillation and initial drug​ therapy, subsequent defibrillation and medication administration should be avoided until the​ patient's core temperature is about​ ____ degrees F or higher. A. 86 B. 80 C. 96 D. 90

A

Heat loss occurs in all the following ways​ EXCEPT: A. ingestion. B. conduction. C. convection. D. evaporation.

A

In which of the following patients would you expect to see a subacute exposure to​ cold? A. A mountain climber B. A chronically ill patient C. A homeless person D. A patient who fell through ice into water

A

All of the following are part of the drowning sequence of a conscious person​ EXCEPT: A. violent swallowing efforts. B. PaO2 in the blood falling below 50 mmHg. C. PaCO2 in the blood falling below 50 mmHg. D. attempted breath holding

C

All of the following are signs of mild hypothermia​ EXCEPT: A. impaired judgment. B. fatigue. C. vasodilation. D. tachycardia.

C

Although the hypothalamus plays a key role in body temperature​ regulation, there are two types of thermoreceptors elsewhere in the body. They are​ the: A. internal thermoreceptors and external thermoreceptors. B. appendicular thermoreceptors and axial thermoreceptors. C. peripheral thermoreceptors and central thermoreceptors. D. aortic thermoreceptors and carotid thermoreceptors.

C

Decompression sickness commonly occurs in divers who are diving below what​ level? A. 11 feet B. 22 feet C. 33 feet D. 44 feet

C

Pyrexia is another term​ for: A. sunburn. B. heat emergency. C. fever. D. excessive thirst.

C

The amount of fluid that enters the lungs in a drowning case​ is: A. >20 mL. B. >30 mL. C. <30 mL. D. <20 mL.

C

The pediatric dose of ibuprofen​ is: A. 15​ mg/kg. B. 10 mg. C. 10​ mg/kg. D. 15 mg.

C

The portion of skin affected by superficial frostbite is the​ ________ layer. A. intradural B. subdural C. epidermal D. subcutaneous

C

You and your partner are treating a​ 35-year-old woman who is complaining of severe pain in her joints and abdomen. The patient tells you that she went diving approximately 12 hours prior to the onset of complaint. Which of the following would be part of a correct course of treatment for this​ patient? A. Oxygen via nasal cannula to maintain SpO2 of​ >96 percent, fluid replacement with lactated​ Ringer's, transport B. Oxygen via nonrebreather mask to maintain SpO2 of​ >96 percent, IV fluid replacement with lactated​ Ringer's, transport C. Oxygen via nonrebreather mask regardless of SpO2​ reading, fluid replacement with lactated​ Ringer's, transport D. Oxygen via nonrebreather mask regardless of SpO2​ reading, IV fluid replacement with 5 percent​ dextrose, transport to hyperbaric chamber

C

​Boyle's law states that​ ________ the pressure of a gas will​ _______ its volume. A. decreasing; increase. B. increasing; increase. C. increasing; decrease. D. decreasing; decrease.

C

A reflex that occurs when a person dives into cold water in which his breathing is​ inhibited, his heart rate becomes​ bradycardic, and vasoconstriction occurs is known as​ the: A. submersion reflex. B. diving reflex. C. mammalian submersion reflex. D. mammalian diving reflex.

D

Field​ assessment/management for pnemomediastinum​ includes: A. contact DAN. B. administer​ high-flow oxygen. C. check for pneumothorax. D. all of the above.

D

The difference in temperature between the environment and the body is known as​ the: A. thermal temperature. B. ambient gradient. C. ambient temperature. D. thermal gradient.

D

The substance within the body that is responsible for preventing atelectasis​ is: A. pleural fluid B. atelectasis fluid C. alveolar fluid D. surfactant

D

What do the kidneys do during the hypoxic ventilatory​ response? A. Decrease the removal of bicarbonate B. Shut down C. Function normally D. Increase the removal of bicarbonate

D

What percentage of drowning victims are children under five years of​ age? A. 10 B. 60 C. 20 D. 40

D

What percentage of drowning victims are​ male? A. 75 B. 90 C. 80 D. 85

D

Which of the following is a predisposing factor to​ hypothermia? A. Medications the patient takes B. Age of the patient C. Overall health of the patient D. All of the above are predisposing factors

D

You and your partner are treating a​ 25-year-old man with frostbite on the left hand. Your BLS unit is going to be delayed because of a severe winter storm that is occurring. You and your partner decide that you must rewarm the​ patient's hand while waiting for your BLS unit. You are in the​ patient's house, and there is no chance of the hand being refrozen. To rewarm the​ patient's hand, you are going to submerge the hand in water. You know that the water must be between​ ____ and​ ____ degrees F. A. 110; 112 B. 98; 102 C. 104; 108 D. 102; 104

D

You and your partner are working a day shift. It is a sunny​ day, and the temperature is 95degrees°F. You are dispatched to the town soccer field for an​ 85-year-old woman complaining of cramping to her fingers. The patient denies any other complaint of​ dizziness, nausea, or vomiting. The patient tells you it feels like her arthritis but much worse. Her vital signs are all within normal​ limits, and her skin is warm and moist. What is the most likely problem this patient is​ experiencing? A. Arthritis B. Heat stroke C. Heat exhaustion D. Heat cramps

D

A diving injury commonly called​ "the squeeze" occurs during which phase of​ diving? A. Ascent B. Descent C. On the surface D. On the bottom

B

Active rewarming should not be attempted in the field unless the emergency department is more than​ ____ minutes away. A. 10 B. 15 C. 45 D. 30

B

Individuals working in hot environments will lose 1 to 2 liters of water an hour. Each liter of water lost will result in how much sodium​ loss? A. 20 to 50 milligrams B. 20 to 50 milliequivalents C. 10 to 20 milliequivalents D. 10 to 20 milligrams

B

Which law of gases states that the amount of gas dissolved in a given volume of fluid is proportional to the pressure of the gas above​ it? A. Boyle's law B. Henry's law C. Winston's law D. Dalton's law

B

Which of the following is NOT a measure to take to prevent​ cold-related illness? A. Get plenty of rest. B. Eat more fat than normal. C. Dress warmly. D. Limit exposure to cold environments.

B

Which of the following is a medication used in the treatment of​ high-altitude conditions? A. Dextrose B. Diamox C. Methylprednisolone D. Atropine

B

You and your partner are treating a drowning patient who had a submersion time of 10 minutes. Your partner wants to perform the abdominal​ thrusts; you​ should: A. agree with your​ partner, as you know the Heimlich maneuver should be performed only on patients with a submersion time of less than 15 minutes. B. advise your partner that the Heimlich maneuver should not be used for drowning victims. C. agree with your partner and begin performing the Heimlich maneuver. D. advise your partner that the Heimlich maneuver should be performed only on patients with a submersion time of more than 15 minutes.

B