Week 1: Reproductive Health

A couple comes to the clinic asking questions regarding getting pregnant. The nurse explains that fertilization normally occurs in what structure of the woman's body?

Fallopian tube

A nurse is explaining to a client about conception. Which area would the nurse identify as the location where fertilization of the egg occurs?

Fertilization most often occurs in the ampulla, the distal portion of the tube, located between the isthmus and the infundibulum.

Which statement made by a nursing student would best indicate that her education on family-centered care was fully understood?

"Childbirth affects the entire family, and relationships will change."

The nurse is caring for a premenopausal client scheduled for a bilateral oophorectomy. Which education will the nurse provide the client regarding this procedure?

"This procedure will greatly reduce your estrogen and progesterone levels."

The nurse is caring for several families enrolled in Medicaid in the prenatal setting. Which statement by an expectant mother would alert the nurse to assess the family further?

"We just moved here from another state and I am still getting used to the new town."

As part of an education program for pregnant women and their partners, the nurse illustrates the various settings available for birth. The nurse determines that the program was successful when the group correctly chooses which statement about home births?

"Women giving birth at home have control over every part of labor."

The vagina is at risk for infection because of its location and because it opens to the outside of the body. What is a protective mechanism of the vagina to keep it from becoming infected?

Normal vaginal pH is acidic (4 to 5), which protects from infection.

A young couple expecting their first child comes to the clinic concerned that their baby will be born with Down syndrome. The nurse informs the couple that the incidence of Down syndrome is highest in women older than what age?

35 years

A nursing instructor is teaching the class about community-based nursing. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which activity as an example of tertiary prevention?

Ensuring the client attends physical therapy after orthopedic surgery

A couple comes to the clinic for preconception counseling and care. As part of the visit, the nurse teaches the couple about fertilization and initial development, stating that the zygote formed by the union of the ovum and sperm consists of how many chromosomes?

46

The nurse cares for multiple clients planning to have children. Which client will the nurse identify as priority for needing a referral for prenatal genetic testing?

A male client with family history of sickle cell disease

A nurse working at a child health clinic is involved in primary prevention activities. Which activity will the nurse perform in this role?

teaching about healthy food choices

A pregnant client refuses treatment for an infection based on cultural beliefs. Which action by the nurse would be appropriate?

Explain to the client why the treatment is important.

A Japanese client refuses to eat food from the hospital cafeteria since that food is not in her normal diet. Which action will the nurse implement regarding nutritional needs for this client?

Ask a family member to provide food that is appealing culturally.

The nursing instructor is teaching a session comparing the various steps of the nursing process. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which step as the first one?

Assessment

A client asks about a child inheriting an autosomal recessive disorder. What must occur for an offspring to demonstrate signs and symptoms of the disorder with this type of inheritance?

Both parents must be carriers.

Fetal circulation differs from the circulatory path of the newborn infant. In utero the fetus has a hole connecting the right and left atria of the heart. This allows oxygenated blood to quickly pass to the major organs of the body. What is this hole called?

Foramen ovale

A couple wants to start a family. They are concerned that their child will be at risk for cystic fibrosis because they each have a cousin with cystic fibrosis. They are seeing a nurse practitioner for preconceptual counseling. What would the nurse practitioner tell them about cystic fibrosis?

It is an autosomal recessive disorder.

The nurse is preparing to teach a drug education class at a local elementary school. The nurse is focused on providing which type of care to the community?

Primary Prevention

A community health nurse is preparing to teach childbirth classes at the local high school. This nurse is actively involved in which type of community health care?

Primary prevention

What is the main purpose of the chorionic villi?

Provide an exchange site for the exchange of nutrients and wastes

A woman calls the obstetrician's office and states that she is feeling nauseated and tired and suspects she may be pregnant. The nurse asks the woman when her last menstrual cycle was and is told that the woman had a light cycle three weeks ago. How would the nurse respond to this client?

Recommend that the woman come into the office for a pregnancy test or do a home pregnancy test.

The nurse is assessing the blood pressure of a pregnant client on a routine prenatal visit. This nurse is employing which level of prevention for this client?

Secondary

A school nurse informs parents that a screening for lice will be conducted on all first graders the following week. Which type of prevention is this nurse conducting?

Secondary Prevention

An adolescent client asks the nurse about how the ovaries work. The nurse would include which information in her reply?

Storage of ova and maturation of them is one of the main functions of the ovaries.

A homeless client diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV) is seen in the maternity clinic requesting a pregnancy test. Which nursing action would be the best example of the secondary level of prevention?

Suggest she have a Papanicolaou test.

A nursing instructor is teaching a class on the levels of preventive care. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly choose which activity as a tertiary level?

Teaching signs and symptoms of infection to a postoperative client

Which statement best expresses the role of the corpus luteum?

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone to promote the preparation of the endometrium for implantation.

Which event will result in zygote formation?

The nucleus of the ovum and sperm make contact and combine chromosomes.

The nurse is caring for several clients in the prenatal clinic. Which action by the nurse demonstrates cultural competency?

The nurse asks each client about dietary restrictions and preferences during the postpartum period.

A client is offered preconception genetic testing but reports being worried about the results preventing access to health insurance in the future. How does the nurse respond?

There are laws that prevent discrimination related to genetic information for health insurance.

What should the nurse explain to the pregnant client about the importance of the fetal stage of development?

There is additional growth and development of the organs and body systems.

Which mother is in the fetal stage of development?

a pregnant mother who is thirty weeks' pregnant

A community health nurse is actively involved in various community projects. The nurse is providing a secondary prevention activity by organizing which event?

a skin cancer screening fair

The nurse is scheduled to work in a clinic in a neighborhood with many diverse cultures. Which action(s) by the nurse demonstrate cultural competence? Select all that apply. a. The nurse asks the child or family about the use of folk remedies. b. The nurse learns about the demographic of the neighborhood. c. The nurse researches folk healers in the area. d. The nurse provides instructions to the mother only. e. The nurse speaks to the father regarding health care decisions.

a, b, c

It is important that nurses include a discussion about teratogens in their prenatal discussions to help prevent deformities or abnormalities. Which substance(s) would the nurse include as a teratogen(s)? Select all that apply. a. alcohol b. multivitamin supplement c. certain medications d. caustic chemicals

a, c, d

A nurse is teaching a prenatal class and is asked the purpose of amniotic fluid. Which statements are correct? Select all that apply. a. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid cushion the fetus from trauma. b. The amount of amniotic fluid does not fluctuate throughout pregnancy. c. Amniotic fluid allows the fetal umbilical cord to be relatively free from compression. d. Amniotic fluid promotes fetal movement, enhancing musculoskeletal development. e. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid help the fetus maintain a constant body temperature.

a, c, d, e

A nurse working at a women's health center is engaged in secondary prevention activities. With which activity(ies) would the nurse be involved? Select all that apply. a. pregnancy testing b. family planning c. osteoporosis screening d. immunizations e. breast examinations

a, c, e

The nursing instructor is discussing culture with a group of nursing students. Which aspects should be included in the discussion of this topic? Select all that apply. a. primary language spoken by the family b. a person's race c. level of education d. religious beliefs of the individuals e. a sense of personal space

a, d, e

A nurse working at a child health clinic is involved in primary and secondary prevention activities. Which activity(ies) reflects secondary prevention? Select all that apply. a. vision screening at all well-child visits b. safety education for bicycles and skateboards c. instructions for treatment of head lice d. drug education program e. administration of immunizations

a. c

A nurse is conducting a class for a group of women who are planning on becoming pregnant. As part of the class, the nurse describes how teratogens can affect a pregnancy. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which effects that may result with the use of cocaine? Select all that apply. a. microcephaly b. limb malformations c. placental abruption (abruptio placentae) d. intrauterine growth restriction e. premature birth

a. c. e

Down syndrome may occur because of a translocation defect. This means the:

additional chromosome was inherited because it was attached to a normal chromosome.

The fluid-filled, inner membrane sac surrounding the fetus is which structure?

amnion

Amniotic fluid does not grow stagnant because:

amniotic fluid is constantly formed by the amnion.

The nurse is providing care to a pregnant woman who speaks a different language from that of the nurse. When communicating with this client, the nurse demonstrates best practice by which action?

arranging for an interpreter to be present during any communication

A nurse is interviewing a client at a preconception counseling session. Which questions would be included during assessment? Select all that apply. a. "Were there pregnancies occurring between the ages of 18 to 30?" b. "Have any family members been diagnosed with an affective disorder?" c. "What was the cause and age of death for any deceased family members?" d. "Are there any female family members with a history of miscarriages?" e. "Do any family members have postsecondary education?"

b, c, d

Which hormone(s) is secreted by the placenta during the pregnancy? Select all that apply. a. prolactin b. progesterone c. testosterone d. estrogen e. human chorionic gonadotropin

b, d, e

A nurse educator is describing the structures of the fetal heart to a pregnant client. What information would the nurse likely include in the description? Select all that apply. a. The foramen ovale is an anatomic opening between the right and left ventricles. b. The ductus arteriosus connects the main pulmonary artery to the aorta. c. The ductus venosus connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. d. The ductus arteriosus connects the main pulmonary vein to the vena cava. e. The foramen ovale is an anatomic opening between the right and left atrium.

b,c,e

Which body system is most affected throughout the embryonic and fetal period by teratogens?

central nervous system

During which stage of fetal development is exposure to teratogens most damaging?

embryonic stage

A school nurse who is teaching a health course at the local high school is presenting information on human development and sexuality. When talking about the role of hormones in sexual development, which hormone does the nurse teach the class is the most important for developing and maintaining the female reproductive organs?

estrogen

A young couple, 8 weeks' pregnant with their first child, are being assessed at their first prenatal visit. They ask about scheduling an ultrasound to find out the gender of the fetus. For when should the nurse recommend this ultrasound be scheduled?

for 16 weeks' gestation

A nurse manager is working with a group of staff nurses at a local women's health clinic on enhancing the staff's cultural humility. The clinic serves a culturally diverse client population. Which aspect would the nurse manager emphasize as a crucial first step?

having each staff member identify their own preconceptions about the cultures being served

The nurse is participating in a poisoning prevention program. This activity is an example of which type of community-based nursing intervention?

health education program

An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?

lack of prenatal care.

An 18-year-old pregnant woman asks why she has to have a routine alpha-fetoprotein serum level drawn. You explain that this:

may reveal chromosomal abnormalities.

The purpose of a circulatory shunt, such as the ductus arteriosus, is to:

permit oxygenated blood to supply the most important fetal organs.

A nursing student correctly identifies that a person's outward appearance or expression of genes is referred to as the:

phenotype

Which hormone is called the hormone of pregnancy because it reduces uterine contractions during pregnancy?

progesterone

The placenta is the site where antibodies in the mother's blood pass into the fetal circulation. These antibodies give passive immunity to the fetus for several common childhood diseases. There are some infections for which the mother does not provide antibodies to the fetus. What infection is the fetus not protected from?

rubella

The nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students about the menstrual cycle. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which action as responsible for the increased thickness of the endometrium?

the increasing level of estrogen

Implantation generally occurs at which place on the uterus?

the upper posterior surface

A school nurse is talking to an adolescent who asks about why she has monthly menstrual cycles. The best explanation that the nurse can offer regarding the menstrual phase is to tell her that:

the uterine lining is being shed due to lowering of hormone levels.

In order for conception to take place, it is most common for a woman to get pregnant:

two weeks after her normal menstrual period.

A 33-year-old pregnant client asks the nurse about testing for birth defects that are safe for both her and her fetus. Which test would the nurse state as being safe and noninvasive?

ultrasound

A fertilized ovum is known as which structure?

zygote