Week 2 PrepU

Which statement would indicate that the parents of child with cystic fibrosis understand the disorder? - "Early treatment can stop the progression of the disease." - "The mucus-secreting glands are abnormal." - "There are fibrous cysts in the lungs." - "Allergic reactions cause inflammation in the lungs."

"The mucus-secreting glands are abnormal."

A nurse is working with a child who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for suspected asthma. What are the signs and symptoms that are consistent with a diagnosis of asthma? Select all that apply. - Chest tightness - Crackles - Bradypnea - Wheezing - Cough

- Chest tightness - Wheezing - Cough

A nursing student is taking a pathophysiology examination. Which of the following factors would the student correctly identify as contributing to the underlying pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Choose all that apply. - Inflamed airways that obstruct airflow - Mucus secretions that block airways - Overinflated alveoli that impair gas exchange - Dry airways that obstruct airflow - Decreased numbers of goblet cells

- Inflamed airways that obstruct airflow - Mucus secretions that block airways - Overinflated alveoli that impair gas exchange

A client tells the nurse that he is concerned he may be developing chronic bronchitis and asks how the diagnosis is made. The most appropriate information for the nurse to provide would be: - A diagnosis of chronic bronchitis requires a history of a chronic productive cough that has persisted for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years. - A diagnosis of chronic bronchitis requires a history of a respiratory infection that occurs every 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years. - A diagnosis of chronic bronchitis requires a chest x-ray that shows a tubercle bacillus that has been present for at least 2 consecutive years. - A diagnosis of chronic bronchitis requires you to have been hospitalized at least one time in at least 2 consecutive years with shortness of breath.

A diagnosis of chronic bronchitis requires a history of a chronic productive cough that has persisted for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.

A school nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl who is having an asthma attack. What is the preferred intervention to alleviate this client's airflow obstruction? - Administer corticosteroids by metered dose inhaler - Administer inhaled anticholinergics - Administer an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist - Utilize a peak flow monitoring device

Administer an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist

Which assessment finding would be most consistent with advanced emphysema? - Dependent edema - Epigastric pain - Barrel-shaped chest - Aortic bruit

Barrel-shaped chest

A client presents to the clinic with a temperature of 38.6°C (101.5°F); malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, and a purulent, productive cough. The client states "The fever just started today but I have had this cough for many, many months." What would the nurse suspect the client has? - Acute pneumonia - Bronchitis - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis

Which of the following is a leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation? - Bronchitis - Pneumonia - Common cold - Asthma

Bronchitis

A nurse is documenting the results of assessment of a client with bronchiectasis. What would the nurse most likely include in documentation? - Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain - Wheezes on auscultation - Increased anterior-posterior (AP) diameter - Clubbing of the fingers

Clubbing of the fingers

A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is exhibiting shallow respirations of 32 breaths per minute and a pulse oximetry of 93% despite receiving nasal oxygen at 2 L/minute. What action should the nurse take? - Encourage the client to take deep breaths. - Encourage the client to exhale slowly against pursed lips. - Teach the client to perform upper chest breaths. - Increase the flow of oxygen.

Encourage the client to exhale slowly against pursed lips.

A nurse is planning the care of a client with bronchiectasis. What goal of care should the nurse prioritize? - The client will successfully mobilize pulmonary secretions. - The client will maintain an oxygen saturation level of ≥98%. - The client's pulmonary blood pressure will decrease to within reference ranges. - The client will resume prediagnosis level of function within 72 hours.

The client will successfully mobilize pulmonary secretions.

The nurse is caring for a group of infants with bronchiolitis. Which infant should the nurse prioritize as requiring immediate intervention? The infant who: - is crying and has audible wheezing. - has diminishing wheezing and cyanosis. - is tachypneic and restless. - is coughing and sounds congested.

has diminishing wheezing and cyanosis.

A 7-year-old child is hospitalized with cystic fibrosis. To help the child manage secretions and avoid respiratory distress, the nurse should: - perform chest physiotherapy every 4 hours. - give pancreatic enzymes as ordered. - place the child in an oxygen tent and have oxygen administered continuously. - serve a high-calorie diet.

perform chest physiotherapy every 4 hours.

The neonatal ICU nurse is assessing a client with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The nurse knows that this client will likely exhibit which clinical manifestations? Select all that apply. - Rapid, shallow breathing - Chest retractions with accessory muscle use - Clubbing of the fingers - Productive yellow-colored sputum - Coughing blood

- Rapid, shallow breathing - Chest retractions with accessory muscle use - Clubbing of the fingers

A 2-year-old child is admitted to a pediatric unit with bronchiolitis. The nurse calls the health care provider fearing the child is going into respiratory failure based on which assessment findings? Select all that apply. - Sudden absence of breath sounds - Cyanosis of mucous membranes - Listlessness - Productive cough with white secretions - Faint wheezes noted in the posterior lung base

- Sudden absence of breath sounds - Cyanosis of mucous membranes - Listlessness

Which infants are at high risk for acquiring the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection? Select all that apply. - The infant of an adult with an upper respiratory infection - The infant who is post-term - The infant who has lung disease - The infant who had a transplant - The infant receiving chemotherapy

- The infant of an adult with an upper respiratory infection - The infant who has lung disease - The infant who had a transplant - The infant receiving chemotherapy

A client with chronic bronchitis is admitted with an exacerbation of symptoms. During the nursing assessment, the nurse will expect which of the following findings? Select all that apply. - Use of accessory muscles to breathe - Tympany percussed bilaterally over the lung bases - Hypoventilation breathing pattern - Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute - Purulent sputum with frequent coughing

- Use of accessory muscles to breathe - Purulent sputum with frequent coughing

Premature infants who are treated with mechanical ventilation, mostly for respiratory distress syndrome, are at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease. What are the signs and symptoms of BPD? - Rapid and shallow breathing and chest retractions - Weight loss and a barrel chest - Tachycardia and slow, shallow breathing - A barrel chest and rapid weight gain

Rapid and shallow breathing and chest retractions

A nurse is admitting a new client who has been admitted with a diagnosis of COPD exacerbation. How can the nurse best help the client achieve the goal of maintaining effective oxygenation? - Teach the client strategies for promoting diaphragmatic breathing. - Administer supplementary oxygen by simple face mask. - Teach the client to perform airway suctioning. - Assist the client in developing an appropriate exercise program.

Teach the client strategies for promoting diaphragmatic breathing.

An emergency room nurse is auscultating the chest of a child who is having an asthmatic attack. Auscultation reveals the presence of wheezes. During what part of respiration do wheezes occur? - inspiration and expiration - only on inspiration - only on expiration - when coughing

inspiration and expiration