Westward Expansion

What did James Hammond say? (Cotton Kingdom)

"Cotton is King"

What is another name for Cotton? (Cotton Kingdom)

"White Gold"

The Grimke Sisters, Sarah and Angelina (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

- Born in South Carolina and owned slaves - BUT they DIDN'T like slavery because they believed in the Second Great Awakening and moved to the North - The sisters gave speeches in public to support Women's rights and Antislavery

The Declaration of Rights and Sentiments (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

- It was written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton - Demanded greater rights for women - "That all men and women are created equal"

Seneca Falls Convention (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

- Organized by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton - A meeting in New York that gave women more rights

Corporal Punishment (Women's Labor)

- Physical punishment like spanking or hitting - Some children even died because of corporal punishment!

Compare the Women's rights movement and the Abolition movement (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

- They were fighting about equal rights and freedom - The Second Great Awakening started both the Women's rights movement and the Abolition movement - The Abolition movement started the Women's rights movement

How did the beginning of the women's rights movement challenge gender norms/roles? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

- Women were not able to do as much as men in the beginning. BUT that started to changed - More women became teachers and wanted to vote and have equal rights as men

Was working in the factories dangerous for women? Why? (Women's Labor)

- YES! Work was very dangerous. - Fire was common in the factories and some women workers got their hand stuck in the machines and cut their hands or fingers off. - Some workers even died from the injuries!

Elizabeth Cady Stanton (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

- played a role in the Women's rights movement - She wrote the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments

Texas Annexation (Mexican-American War)

1. American settlers moved to the Texas region and brought slaves with them 2. The Americans living in Texas didn't listen to Mexico because they were bringing slaves 3. The Americans living in Texas rebelled against Mexico and became their own nation in 1836 (Gained independence)

What are some of the EFFECTS of the Mexican-American War?

1. People who were already living in the new territory (California, Texas, Arizona, Nevada, Colorado) included Mexicans, Native Americans, and descendants of Spanish colonists. 2. When the new territory used to belong to Mexico, there was no slavery. BUT now it belongs to the US and they allowed slavery 3. The US denied civil rights to people who were not White 4. Led to more sectional conflict (which new land would be a Free State or a Slave State)

What were some of the EFFECTS of Westward Expansion?

1. SECTIONAL CONFLICTS: between Free States (No Slavery) and Slave States (Wanted Slavery) over which new land would be a Free State or a Slave State 2. RACIAL CONFLICT: competition for land and gold between people from different regions and other countries. People who were not White were attacked.

What are the two major CAUSES of the Mexican-American war?

1. Texas Annexation 2. Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny (Mexican-American War)

1. The idea that God wanted the United States to expand across the North American continent

What is "Manifest Destiny" (Westward Expansion)

1. The idea that expanding to the West was obvious and good for the country 2. The idea that God wanted the United States to expand across the North American continent

What rights did women not have? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

1. They were denied the right to vote 2. They were denied higher education 3. They were denied equals rights in work 4. They were denied rights to own property

How many hours a day did the women work in the factories? (Women's Labor)

12 hours a day!!!

Give an example of the Rhode Island System? (Women's Labor)

A factory gives the father 10 feet of cotton and ask him to make 5 shirts. The father will make the buttons, the kids will cut the cotton, and the mother will sew the cotton together.

Describe the land of the Great Plains

A mostly flat and grassy region of western North America

Abolition Movement (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

Against slavery, to stop slavery

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)

Agreement between Mexico and the United States that ended the Mexican-American War. The U.S gave Mexico $15 million for control of Texas, California and the Southwest

Which feminine racial identity (skin color) were NOT represented by the first Women's Rights movement? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

Any women who were NOT White!!

When did the Mexican-American War begin?

April 1846

What is the Cotton Kingdom? (Cotton Kingdom)

Area of land to grow cotton from South Carolina to Texas

This tool put an end to the open range idea of letting cattle roam free --

Barbed Wire

Why did slavery get bigger in the 1800s when people in the 1700s thought it was going to go away? (Cotton Kingdom)

Because people wanted more cotton, and more cotton means MORE SLAVES!

Why did women workers become unhappy and protested against the factories? (Women's Labor)

Because they worked long hours, were not treated well, and didn't get a lot of money

All of these were cowboy tools EXCEPT-- A. Hat B. Bandana C. Windmill D. Spurs

C. Windmill

Most of the workers who built the Transcontinental Railroad were--

Chinese

What is the economy of the South? (Cotton Kingdom)

Cotton

What was the most important product in the US economy? (Cotton Kingdom)

Cotton

Boston Manufacturing Company (Women's Labor)

Created by Francis Lowell.

This adaptation helped farmers grow food on the Great Plains---

Dry Farming

Who invented the cotton gin? (Cotton Kingdom)

Eli Whitney

What is the economy of the North? (Cotton Kingdom)

Factories/Industrial

The prospectors who went west looking for gold were called--

Forty Niners

What states were the slaves growing cotton in? (Cotton Kingdom)

From South Carolina to Texas

What happened in January 1848?

Gold was discovered in California

What land did President James Polk want to annex? (Mexican-American War)

He wanted to annex Texas

Who is William Lloyd Garrison? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

He was the editor of the newspaper "The Liberator" and supported the Grimke Sisters.

What does "Cotton is King" mean? (Cotton Kingdom)

It means that cotton was SOOOO important, that if the South stopped making cotton, then the whole world would fall apart

Was expanding to the West good or bad for the country?

It was BAD for the country because Native Americans were already living in the West.

Was expanding to the West good or bad for the settlers?

It was GOOD for settlers to make them rich if they found gold and new land!

Who dominated the women and slaves? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

MEN

In the 1800s, more cotton leads to -- (Cotton Kingdom)

More slavery

What was the negative impact of the Cotton Gin?

More slaves needed to grow cotton

Can SLAVE women choose to work in factories or at home? (Women's Labor)

NO! Slave women did not have a choice

Did slavery go away in the 1800s? (Cotton Kingdom)

NO! Slavery grew bigger!

Did the Boston Manufacturing Company like the Rhode Island System? (Women's Labor)

NO!!!!!! They liked having individual workers and NOT families!

What happened to the Native american women during the Indian Removal Act of 1830? (Women's Labor)

Native American women were being pushed to the West, taking them away from their homes

What were some of the CAUSES of Westward Expansion? (What were the reasons people came to the West?)

Opportunities for: 1. Farming 2. Mining (looking for Gold) 3. Building Railroads (Transcontinental Railroad reduce traveling across the country from 5 months to 6 days) 4. Free Land!! - Homestead Act of 1862 (have to be over 21, not against the country, and have to fix the land in 5 years) 5. Americans thought that their way of life was better!

Who became President in 1845? (Mexican-American War)

President James Polk

What is the economy of the West-Southwest? (Cotton Kingdom)

Railroads

Catharine Beecher

She encouraged other women to work as school teachers and said that 'teaching was a woman's job'

What kind of work did slave women do? (Women's Labor)

Slave women were still required to do HOUSEWORK like cooking, cleaning, and taking care of the kids, but they DID NOT get paid because they are slaves

This invention helped to farm and cut sod.

Steel Plow

Susan B. Anthony (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

Supporter to gain voting rights for women

The South became known as the -- (Cotton Kingdom)

The Cotton Kingdom

How did cotton unite the South states and the North states? (Cotton Kingdom)

The South grew the cotton and send the cotton to the North. Then the factories in the North would turn the cotton into cloth.

Which feminine racial identity (skin color) were represented by the first Women's Rights movement? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

The White women

What help start the Women's Rights movement? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

The abolition movement helped start the Women's Rights Movement

Why was the cotton gin important? (Cotton Kingdom)

The cotton gin made cotton faster and more cotton than ever before!

Industrialization (Women's Labor)

The development of factories and businesses

The House represents what? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

The house represents a woman's power

Second Great Awakening (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

The idea that they would go to heaven if they did good things to ALL people, including slaves

Feminism (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

The idea that women should have the same EQUAL rights as men

Cult of Domesticity (Women's Labor)

The idea that women should stay at home and do housework (cook, clean, and take care of the children)

Cult of Domesticity (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

The idea that women should stay at home and do housework (cook, clean, and take care of the children)

Some White women chose to go work in the factories. What did the other women choose to do? (Women's Labor)

The other women decided to stay at home and be a HOUSEWIFE This idea of staying home is called "THE CULT OF DOMESTICITY"!!!

Who did the Boston Manufacturing Company hire? (Women's Labor)

They hired WOMEN!!!!

Where did the women working in the Boston Manufacturing Company live? (Women's Labor)

They lived in boarding house (rooms in or near the factories)

What did people think about slavery in the 1700s? (Cotton Kingdom)

They thought slavery was going to go away

What was Texas and Mexico fighting about?

They were fighting about the border, if it was Mexico's land or Texas/US land.

What places was cotton sold to? (Cotton Kingdom)

To the North states and to Europe

Can WHITE women choose to work in factories or at home? (Women's Labor)

White women CAN choose to work at home or in the factories!

How does race (skin color) determine the work options of women in the early 1800s? (Women's Labor)

White women had the choice to work in the factories or stay at home. BUT slave women did NOT have the choice because they were slaves! They did housework but didn't get paid

Who supported the Grimke Sisters? (Women's Rights and Seneca Falls Convention)

William Lloyd Garrison

Rhode Island System (Women's Labor)

Workers in the factories were organized into family units

Did President Polk get what he wanted? (Mexican American War)

YES! President Polk bought Texas, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado.

What does "annex" mean?

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