WLDG 1323, Ch. 2 Review Questions

How close to the grinding stone face should the tool rest be adjusted?

1/16"

What fabric(s) are the best choice to wear as general work clothing in a welding shop?

100% wool or cotton

According to Table 2-2, what gauge of wire size would be needed for a power tool that has a nameplate amperage of 9 and a cord length of 100ft?

12 gauge

How far away should highly combustible materials be from any welding or cutting?

35ft or more

What causes most electrical shock in the welding industry?

Accidental contact with bare or poorly insulated conductors

Name two types of respirators and describe how they work.

Air-purifying: have an air filter, cartridge, or canister for removing air contaminants and passing ambient air through that purifying element. Atmosphere-supplying: supply breathing air from an independent air source. Demand: admit breathing air to the facepiece only when negative pressure is applied. Positive pressure: pressure inside the inlet cover exceeds the ambient air pressure. Powered air-purifying: uses a blower to force ambient air through purifying element. Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA): breathing air source is designed to be carried by user. Supplied-air (SAR): breathing air source is not designed to be carried by user

List five safety tips for safe extension cord use.

Always connect the tool to the cord before connecting the cord to the outlet. Unplug in such reverse way. Should be long enough to make connections without being excessively long or short. Keep clear of sharp or hot objects.

Describe an acceptable storage area for a cylinder of fuel gas?

Away from hallways, stairwells, and exits. Away from heat, radiators, furnaces, and welding sparks. Secured from unauthorized personnel. Warning sign reading "Danger- No Smoking, Matches, or Open Lights," or something similar

Why must metal that has been used before be cleaned prior to welding?

Chemicals on the metal can produce fumes, if not cleaned

Who must be provided with safety data sheets (SDSs)?

Customers and workers using given items

Who is ultimately responsible for the welder's safety?

Each person is responsible for their own safety and other's safety

What types of protection are available to protect the ears during welding?

Earmuffs or earplugs

Why is it important to seek medical treatment for eye burns?

Eye burns can be unnoticed or felt as a sand in the eye feeling

Describe the three classifications of burns.

First degree burns occur on the surface of the skin at approximately 130˚F (55˚C). Second degree burns form blisters and breaks on the surface of the skin at temperatures higher than 130˚F (55˚C). Third degree burns on the skin surface and tissue, creating no pain due to damaged nerve endings, look white or charred at approximately 480˚F (250˚C)

What is the name of the eye burn that can occur in a fraction of a second?

Flash burn

List and explain five ladder use safety rules.

Follow all recommended practices for safe use and storage. Do not exceed the manufacturer's recommended weight limit for the ladder. Before setting up a ladder, make certain it will be erected on a level, solid surface. Never use a ladder in a wet or muddy where water or mud will be tracked up the ladder's steps or rungs. Only climb or descend with clean, dry shoes. Tie the ladder securely in place. Climb or descend the ladder cautiously. Do not carry tools or supplies in your hand as you climb or descend the ladder. Use a rope to raise or lower the items once you are safely in place. Never use ladders around live electrical wires. Never use a ladder that is too short for the job so you have to reach or stand on the top step. Wear well-fitted shoes or boots.

What emergency steps should be taken to treat burns?

For first degree burns, run under cold water or apply cold water compress. For second degree burns, run under cold water or apply cold water compress and gently pat dry the affected area. For third degree burns, do not remove any clothing on the affected area, smother any flames, place a cold cloth or cool water on affected area, and cover with thick, sterile, nonfluffy dressings. Seek medical treatment for any burns

Name two advantages of recycling scrap metal.

Good for the environment and can produce revenue for the shop

What is GFCI?

Ground-fault Circuit Interrupter. Cut off power when a small influx of power is detected

What special protective items can be worn to provide extra protection for a welder's hands, arms, body, waist, and feet?

Hands: gauntlet style gloves, should be all leather with cloth liner. Arms: full or half sleeves with cape, or jacket. Body and waist: full leather jackets or capes with bib apron. Feet: spats and leather pants

Why is it important for acetylene cylinders to not be stored horizontally?

If used immediately after, acetone in the cylinder may be drawn out, reducing the flame temperature and damage the regulator and torch settings

Why is it important to have a planned maintenance program for tools and equipment?

It can aid in detecting potential problems

Why is it important to not weld when everything is wet?

It can cause electrocution

In what two ways can ultraviolet burn the eyes?

It can injure the white of the eye or the retina

What can happen if too much power is being carried by a cable?

It can lead to serious damage to the user and/ or equipment

List 10 safety rules for the safe use of portable electric tools.

Know the tool's limits and applications. Ground the power tool. Do not expose to water or rain. Keep the work area well-lighted. Do not operate near combustible hazards. Do not force a cutting tool to cut too fast. Use the right tool. Wear eye protection. Wear a face or dust mask. Take care of the power cord. Secure work with clamps. Do not overreach with a tool. Maintain power tools. Disconnect power when not in use. Remove keys or wrenches before using power tools. Avoid accidental starting. Be sure accessories are firmly attached. Do not use when housing is cracked or damaged. Give the tool your full and undivided attention. Do not use when its safety equipment is missing or inoperable

List the things that should be inspected on a ladder.

Look for loose or damaged rungs, steps, rails, braces, or safety feet. Hardware, such as hinges, locks, nuts, bolts, screws, and rivets, should be tight. Wooden ladders should be checked for cracks, rot, or wood decay.

According to the Welding Safety Checklist in Figure 2-44, what are the factors necessary for a confined space hazard?

Metal enclosure, wetness, restricted entry, heavier than air gas, welder inside or on workpiece

What should be done with a leaking cylinder if the leak cannot be stopped?

Moved to a vacant lot or open area and have a warning sign posted

What types of injuries can occur to the ears during welding?

Pain and loss of hearing

What can be done on the job site to reduce the danger of reflected light?

Paint to welding area with flat, dark-colored or black paint. Erect welding curtains

List two types of grinders used by welders.

Portable or bench grinders

What types of information should be covered in a respirator training program?

Proper use, schedule for regular maintenance, selecting proper respirator for the job, procedures for testing, proper use in any emergency situations, regular evaluation

What is the key to preventing accidents in a welding shop?

Reading, learning, and following all safety rules, regulations, and procedures

How must high-pressure gas cylinders be stored so they cannot be accidentally knocked over?

Secured with a chain or other device

Name metal cutting machines used in the welding shop and their advantages.

Shears work like powerful scissors. Punches move quickly and can be hydraulic or flywheel operated. Cut-off machines produce quality cuts in bar-shaped or structure-shaped metals. Band saws can be purchased horizontally and/or vertically.

Describe the ideal work shirt, pants, boots, and caps that should be worn in a welding shop.

Shirt: long sleeves, high-button collar, tucked into pants, flaps for pockets. Pants: long enough to cover the tops of boots, without cuffs. Boots: high tops, steel toes, smooth tops. Cap: thick enough to prevent burning of the head

Describe how a person should safely lift a heavy object.

The load should be distributed evenly between both hands and the user should lift using their legs, not their back.

Why is it unsafe to carry butane lighters or matches in your pocket while welding?

They can explode or catch fire in the pocket

Why must eye protection be worn at all times in the welding shop?

To prevent UV burns and flying debris

Why must a mushroomed chisel or hammer be reground?

To prevent chips from flying and injuring someone

Why must equipment be turned off and unplugged before working on electrical terminals?

To prevent electrocution

Why is it important to keep a welding area clean?

To prevent having to work around the clutter or tripping over it

List the four types of fire extinguishers and the types of material for which they are used.

Type A are used for combustible solids and marked with a green triangle around the letter A. Type B are used for combustible liquids and marked with a red square around the letter B. Type C are used for electrical and marked with a blue circle around the letter C. Type D are used for combustible metals and marked with a yellow star around the letter D.

Which type of light is most likely to cause burns? Why?

Ultraviolet is most likely to cause burns, because it cannot be felt or seen

List the three types of light that may be present during welding.

Visible, infrared, and ultraviolet lights

What is hot work?

Welding

Under what conditions can natural ventilation be used?

When an area is at least 10,000 cubic feet or more per welder or have ceilings 16 ft or higher

When must forced ventilation be used?

When shops are small or have a large amount of welders

When is a fire watch needed?

When welding is performed within 35ft of highly combustible materials

What should you do if you have to leave a piece of hot metal unattended?

Write the word hot before leaving

List the materials that can give off dangerous fumes during welding and require forced ventilation.

Zinc, lead, beryllium, cadmium, mercury, copper and austenitic magnesium