Women Health; Education;
The nurse instructs the woman taking oral contraceptives to report which possible side effect(s)? Select all that apply. a. Abdominal pain b. Weight gain c. Headache d. Eye or visual problems e. Speech disturbances
ANS: A, C, D, E The memory aid ACHES is helpful: Abdominal pain, Chest pain, Headaches, Eye problems, Speech disturbances. Weight gain is an expected side effect of oral contraceptives.
The nurse is assessing a multigravid client at 12 weeks' gestation who has been admitted to the emergency department with sharp right-sided abdominal pain and vaginal spotting. Which information should the nurse obtain about the client's history? Select all that apply. 1. history of sexually transmitted infections 2. number of sexual partners 3. last menstrual period 4. cesarean section 5. contraceptive use
1,2,3,5. The client may be experiencing an ectopic pregnancy. Contributing factors to an ectopic pregnancy include a prior history of sexually transmitted infection that can scar the fallopian tubes. Multiple sex partners increase the risk of sexually transmitted infections. Knowledge of the client's last menstrual period and contraceptive use may support or rule out the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy. The client's history of cesarean sections would not contribute information valuable to the client's current situation or potential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.
The nurse observes the postpartum multiparous client rubbing her abdomen. When asked if she is having pain, the client says, "It feels like menstrual cramps." Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1. Offer a warm blanket for her to place on her abdomen. 2. Encourage her to lie on her stomach until the cramps stop. 3. Instruct the client to avoid ambulation while having pain. 4. Check her lochia flow; pain sometimes precedes hemorrhage.
2. Multiparous women frequently experience intermittent uterine contractions called after pains. Lying in a prone position applies pressure to the uterus, stimulating continuous uterine contraction. When the uterus maintains a state of contraction, the after pains will cease.
After instructing a 40-year-old woman about osteoporosis after menopause, the nurse determines that the client needs further instruction when the client makes which statement? 1. "A standard serving of yogurt is the equivalent of one glass of milk." 2. "Women who do not eat dairy products should consider calcium supplements." 3. "Women of African descent are at the greatest risk for osteoporosis." 4. "Estrogen therapy at menopause can reduce the risk of osteoporosis."
3. Small-boned, fair-skinned women of northern European descent are at the greatest risk for osteoporosis, not women of African descent. One standard serving of yogurt is the equivalent of one glass of milk. Women who do not eat dairy products, such as women who are lactose intolerant, should consider using calcium supplements.
An adolescent tells the nurse that she would like to use tampons during her period. The nurse should first: 1. assess her usual menstrual flow pattern. 2. determine whether she is sexually active. 3. provide information about preventing toxic shock syndrome. 4. refer her to a specialist in adolescent gynecology
3. The nurse should provide the adolescent with information about toxic shock syndrome because of the identified relationship between tampon use and the syndrome's development. Additionally, about 95% of cases of toxic shock syndrome occur during menses. Most adolescent females can use tampons safely if they change them frequently. Using tampons is not related to menstrual flow or sexual activity. There is no need to refer the girl to a gynecologist; a nurse can provide health teaching about tampon use.
When the nurse is completing the history of the 16-year-old client at a clinic, the client says, "I think that I might be pregnant." What is the nurse's best response? 1. "How long have you been sexually active?" 2. "Why do you think you are pregnant?" 3. "Who have you spoken to about this?" 4. "When was your last menstrual cycle?"
4. A direct question related to the client's menstrual cycle is best and is necessary prior to obtaining other information.
The 44-year-old female client calls the clinic and tells the nurse that while performing breast self examination (BSE) she felt a lump. Which question should the nurse ask the client? 1. "Are you taking birth control pills?" 2. "Do you eat a lot of chocolate?" 3. "When was your last period?" 4. "Are you sexually active?"
ANS : 4 1. Birth control pills regulate the hormones in the body but will not cause changes in the breast tissue. 2. There is a theory that chocolate increases breast discomfort in women with fibrocystic breast changes. 3. During the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause, variations in breast tissue occur and must be distinguished from pathological disease. BSE is best performed on days five (5) to seven (7) after menses, counting the first day of menses as day one (1). 4. Sexual manipulation of the breast does
The 52-year-old client tells the nurse that she has not had a menstrual period for 15 months. The client wonders if she still needs to be concerned about an unplanned pregnancy. Which is the nurse's best response? 1. "The risk of pregnancy is reduced at your age, but it is still possible." 2. "As long as a female is having sexual intercourse, pregnancy is possible." 3. "Becoming pregnant at age 52 increases the risk of a spontaneous abortion." 4. "Since you have not had a menstrual period for so long, a pregnancy is unlikely."
ANSWER: 4 1. The cessation of menses and not age will determine whether a pregnancy is possible. 2. The cessation of menses and not whether the female engages in sexual intercourse will determine whether a pregnancy is possible. 3. Although this statement may be true, the focus of the question is whether or not the client can become pregnant. 4. Menopause is the physiological cessation of menses associated with declining ovarian function. It is usually considered complete after 1 year of amenorrhea. Once menopause is complete, reproductive function ends.
