World Geography - 151 - Final (Chapter 14) : Australia and Oceania
Where did European colonization of Australia and Oceania begin?
Australia
Which country of the region of Australia and Oceania signed the Kyoto Protocol in 2007, leaving the U.S. as the only industrialized country that has not signed the agreement?
Australia
What is the situation today between indigenous Fijians and Indo-Fijians in Fiji?
Ethnic tensions exist between the two groups.
What country in Oceania is a favorite of tourists from Japan and Korea?
Guam
In which country are Maoris the indigenous people?
New Zealand
Which of the following countries have discussed introducing the "flatulence " tax to help curb methane emissions?
New Zealand
Which of the following countries is NOT part of Melanesia?
New Zealand
What part of Australia/Oceania is most susceptible to tsunami hazards?
Papua New Guinea
How much of Hawaii's economy flows directly from tourist dollars?
about 1/3
Where do Australian cities tend to be located?
along the coasts
In which part of Australia is most viticulture concentrated?
along the continent's southwestern tip
What is the greatest potential environmental threat to Oceania?
climate change
Who are "uncontacted peoples"?
cultural groups that have yet to be "discovered" by the Western world
When Europeans arrived in Australia, what livelihood was most important to the Aborigines?
hunting and gathering
Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
off the northeastern coast of Australia
About how many different languages have been identified in Papua New Guinea?
1,000
What is the approximate population of Australia?
22 million
What is the approximate population of New Zealand?
4 million
What is the largest country (in terms of land area as well as population) in the region encompassing Australia and Oceania?
Australia
What is the most urbanized country in the Australia/Oceania region?
Australia
What is the "Outback"?
Australia's huge, dry interior
Why have countries of Oceania been major supporters of the conventions to limit the production of greenhouse gases?
Greenhouse gas emissions are directly related to global temperature increase and as sea levels rise, many of the Pacific islands will be drowned if global temperatures continue to increase.
What is New Zealand's current economic strategy?
It is one of the most market-oriented countries in the world.
Which of the following places is the best example of an atoll?
Kwajalein
What is the least developed and poorest part of Oceania?
Melanesia
Where in Australia/Oceania do anthropologists have the greatest chance of finding "uncontacted peoples"?
New Guinea
Of the following countries of Australia/Oceania, which is located farthest south?
New Zealand
Why does the population of Nauru cluster together in quasi-urban settings?
Phosphate mining on the island has left limited room for habitation.
Where did Australia's Aborigine population originate?
Southern Asia
Which of the following environmental problems is NOT a major issue in Australia/Oceania?
Wide-scale burning of forests after they have been cleared is creating smoke pollution.
An atoll typically has all of the following characteristics, EXCEPT
a high central peak.
The Hawaiian Islands were formed by
an active hot spot beneath the moving Pacific Plate.
What landform and/or vegetation pattern dominates in Australia?
deserts
Many forests with this type of tree have been destroyed in Australia to make way for pastures.
eucalyptus
Viticulture refers to the growing of what crop?
grapes
What is Australia's main export to China?
iron ore
What product is mined extensively on the island of Nauru in Micronesia?
phosphates
In the early days of its colonization, Britain used Australia as a
prison colony
Which of the following factors does NOT influence the climates of New Zealand?
rivers
What is New Zealand's most important commercial livestock?
sheep
What caused the dramatic decline in Guam's native bird species?
the accidental introduction of the non-native brown tree snake
What strategy has been valuable to both Maoris and Aborigines in their efforts to gain greater control over their ancestral land and resources?
the political process
What was the purpose of the Native Title Bill, which became law in Australia in 1993?
to give Australia's aboriginal population greater control over sacred lands
What was the purpose of the White Australia Policy?
to promote immigration of (white) North Americans and Europeans to Australia
What land form dominates much of New Zealand?
volcanic mountains
The brown tree snake
was accidentally introduced to Guam in cargo shipped from the Solomon Islands.