World History chapter 3

How did u.s. constitution attempt to balence concerns over srong central goverment and the weaknesses of the Artical of Confederation?

For one thing the US constitution set up 3 different branches of government. (executive, judicial, legislative) and each one had checks and balances on the other one. This prevented any one branch from becoming too powerful. However the constitution created a federal system with one central government that shared power with the state government. It created a clear leader of the country, the president.

In adam smiths The Wealth of Nations, what 3 roles does Smith argue government should have?

Adam Smith believes that the government should sit back and let the people do what they want.(laissez-faire economics). Government had only 3 roles: 1 to protect society, 2 defend people's property, and 3 maintain public work.

Identify the characteristics of an enlightened absolute monarchy. Then answer this question was Catherine the great an elightened Ruler? why or why not?

An enlightened absolutism is where a king or queen is in charge but is open to some political and social reforms. Catherine the Great was an example of an enlightened monarchy because she favored the universal law code and education for women.

What were the effect of the Scientific Revolution? Explain the Scientific Revolutions impact to each other?

It changed the way people thought about the world. It let people trust science more than religion for questions about the world. For example people realize that the earth revolves around the sun. One major impact was the scientific method, which believed in discovery of truth through experiment and observation.

Describe Jean- Jacques Rousseaus political philosophy, as explained in his work The social contract.

Rousseau people had accepted law to protect their property. But they had become enslaved by the government. So, a new social contract is needed where individual people must follow the general will.

Identify two invention that helped spark the Scientific Revolution and describe their impact.

The Inventions of telescope and microscope that help start the scientific revolution. The telescope allows astronomers to better understand the universe. The microscope allowed scientists to look closer at objects and study their composition.

How did the seven years war set the stage for American Revolution?

Seven years war ended with a British victory and an almost total loss of French land in North America. The British adopted harsher policy in the 13 colonies and did not let them settle in new lands won from the French. This led to a Grader conflict between Britain and the colonies.

What countries helped the American colonists win their independence from Great Britain and why?

Spain and France helped the colonies fight against Britain because they were rivals for control of the new world. France especially wanted revenge for their loss in the seven year war.

What was unique about the U.S Declaration of independence? What did it have in common with documents and ideas from other countries?

The decoration of independence was unique because it was the first document in history to set up a whole new nation on enlightenments ideas. ( ex freedom, equality, national rights). It shared in common with the english bill of rights and the magna carta The idea of limited government and consent of the people.

What were the cause of the seven years war? why was it fought in three diffrent area of the world?

The first coast of the war was a disagreement among the powers of Europe over the succession of the throne of Austria. This led the aliens to Prussia and Britain vs France and Austria controle of the land.

What was the goal of the philosophes? Did their movement have an impact on our lives today?

The goal of the philosophes to have knowledge of the world and also to make real change of the world. Yes, their movement was called the Enlightenment and had a major effect on the world. It led people to discover universal laws in science and government.

How were the discoveries of Copernicus, kepler, Galileo, and Newton related to each other?

They all made discoveries about the universe. Copernicus and Galileo made important discoveries about the heliocentric nature of the universe, which means the sun was in the middle of the universe. Galileo proved Copernicus theory with a telescope. Similerly, Kepler used the telescope to show us that the earth moves around the sun in an oval shape. Newton expanded our knowledge of the Earth ferther by his discovery of gravity.

In what model of the universe did philosophers of the middle age believe? Give details.

allowed scientists to look closer at objects and study their composition. The Middle Ages people believed in the ptolemaic system. This system involved the idea that the Earth was in the center of the universe, and the sun revolved around it. Also that the Earth was completely motionless, while every other planet and stars orbited Earth.