World History Unit 8
large areas of open land
"No mans land"
Allied victories which broke the German offensive of 1918 in France included what locations? (4)
-Chateau-Thierry -Cantigny -Belleau Wood -Argonne Forest
List the members of the Triple Entente.
-England -France -Russia
Select the members of the Triple Alliance.
-Germany -Italy -Austria-Hungary
List the factors that led to the Revolution of 1917.
-NOBILITY OWNED ALL THE LAND -FOOD WAS IN SHORT SUPPLY -RUSSIA WAS INVOLVED IN WWI -WAGES WERE LOW FOR THE WORKING CLASS
List the 3 German actions which increase tensions in Europe
-its isolation of France -the race for colonies -a proposed railroad to Constantinople
The Paris peace talks determined what 4 things?
-reparations paid by Germany -creation of the League of Nations -size of Germany's military -limit of Germany's colonies in Africa and elsewhere
List the 4 new types of war equipment used in World War I.
-tanks -airplanes -balloon bombing -poison gas
List 3 Factors of the German Defeat.
-the collapse of their allies -a strong Allied offensive -the threat of invasion to the German homeland
In what year did the Americans join the war?
1917
To formally withdraw from a high office, especially the throne. To surrender power.
Abdicate
A territory mutually desired by France and Germany
Alsace-Lorraine
What country enjoyed a prosperous economy during the 1920s?
America
With the arrival of what troops, the Allied powers successfully halted the massive German drives at Belleau Wood, Cantigny, and Chateau-Thierry?
American
A state of society without government or laws.
Anarchy
War equipment and supplies.
Armament
build-up of war equipment
Armaments Race
What did the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand cause?
Austria to declare war on Serbia
fought over by Russia and Austria
Balkan States
Who established peaceful relations with England and Russia to isolate France?
Bismarck
Who formed the Triple Alliance?
Bismarck
the Iron Chancellor of Germany
Bismarck
A member of the left-wing majority group of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party that seized power in that country in November 1917. Later became the Communist party.
Bolshevik
The party that governed Russia after the Russian Revolution, later renamed the Communist Party
Bolshevik
The revolution in Russia that led to the takeover of the government and Russia's withdrawal from the war
Bolshevik Revolution
In an attempt to keep the Romanov line from ever regaining the Russian throne, the imperial family was murdered by which group of people?
Bolsheviks
Seized control of Russian government
Bolsheviks
What group was led by Vladimir Lenin, who wanted only single-minded, devoted revolutionaries in his organization?
Bolsheviks
Affluent middle-class people. According to Marxist theory, it is the social class that owns most of the wealth and exploits the working class.
Bourgeoisie
France's leader
Clemenceau
A compulsory enrollment of men for military service; draft.
Conscription
A male monarch or emperor of Russia before 1917, especially one of the emperors who ruled Russia until the revolution of 1917. Russian for caesar
Czar
A female monarch or emperor of Russia before 1917.
Czarina
After Czar Nicholas abdicated in favor of his brother, Mikhail learned that he DID OR DID NOT have the people's support?
DID NOT
The main legislative assembly or parliament in czarist Russia.
Duma
Russian serfs were set free from the ownership of the nobles when Czar Alexander II signed the what?
Emancipation Manifesto
What were the 5 great nations that made most of the major decisions about what would happen to the defeated nations?
England, France, Italy, the United States, and Japan
A one-party system of government in which each class has its distinct place but the individual is subject to the state and control is maintained by military force, secret police, and governmental regimentation of industry and finance.
Fascism
the assassinated Austrian Archduke
Ferdinand
Wilson's proposals for peace after World War I
Fourteen Points
Which country's resistance to Germany was effective and which one was weak and disorganized?
French: Effective Russian: Weak and Disorganized
highly trained and skilled officers
General Staff
What 2 countries wanted to control Alsace-Lorraine?
Germany and France
Alexandra's key advisor; a peasant monk and mystic
Grigori Rasputin
The development of forcing trade and exploration of raw materials of backward countries through political or military means.
Imperialism
colonization for gain
Imperialism
According to whom , laborers really produced all wealth, and the business owners (capitalists) were the recipients of the wealth in the form of profits?
Karl Marx
In order to close the economic gap, Marx and Engels recommended nationalizing the "means of production" and putting them under the control of the what?
Laborers
organization for world peace
League of Nations
leader of Britain
Lloyd George
Fought over by Japan and Russia
Manchuria
cause of war between Russia and Japan
Manchuria
A public written declaration of beliefs and principles, policies, and objectives, especially one issued by a political movement or candidate.
Manifesto
wrote the Communist Manifesto
Marx and Engels
Related to the philosophy and teachings of Karl Marx.
Marxist
A member of the liberal minority group of the Russian Social Democratic Party.
Menshevik
What group was led by Leon Trotsky, who encouraged a more open party that allowed debate and discussion?
Mensheviks
Devotion to one's nation and to its political, social, and cultural interests and traditions.
Nationalism
What , when carried to extremes, can cause jealousies and suspicions between nations?
Nationalism
loyalty of people for their country
Nationalism
Did America support Wilson and his plan for lasting world peace?
No
When did World War 1 end?
November 11, 1918
The Provisional Government officially fell to Bolshevik control in the what?
October Revolution
Italy's leader
Orlando
known as the Iron Chancellor
Otto Von Bismarck
a peace treaty between Allied and Central Powers following World War I
Peace of Paris
Who publicized his famous Fourteen Points for settlement early in hopes that the Germans would surrender more quickly?
President Woodrow Wilson
The poorest class of working people in society. According to Marxist theory, it is the social class of industrial workers who must earn their living by selling their labor.
Proletariat
What was led by Alexander Kerensky and was made up of businessmen, bankers, and lawyers?
Provisional Government
As part of its armaments build-up, who distributed supplies and equipment throughout the country for use on short notice?
Prussia
led Europe in military readiness
Prussia
Indemnities paid by defeated countries for acts of war.
REPARATIONS
An economic setback in commercial and industrial activity.
Recession
Who won in the Russian civil war, Reds or Whites?
Reds
Germany's hope to defeat the Allies in France before American troops arrived was aided by the withdrawal of which country from the war?
Russia
The Allied power not represented at the Paris peace talks after World War I
Russia
What 2 countries disputed the future of the Balkan states?
Russia and Austria
What 2 countries were alarmed over Kaiser Wilhelm's proposal to construct a railroad to Constantinople?
Russia and England
With the assistance of the French, what 2 countries settled their rivalries in the Near East and formed the Triple Entente?
Russia and England
A local council in the early political organization of the Russian Revolution.
Soviet
Who opposed the new Provisional Government?
Soviets
What resulted in massive offenses by each side?
Stalemate of 1916
A one-party government maintained by political suppression usually combined with cultural and economic controls.
Totalitarian
What divided German colonies and territory?
Treaty of Versailles
segment of the Peace of Paris dealing with Germany
Treaty of Versailles
Who were the Mensheviks led by?
Trotsky
The sinking of the Lusitania by Germany, along with other similar incidents, brought which country into World War I?
United States
Who were the Bolsheviks led by?
Vladimir Lenin
Whose abusive actions destroyed Germany's relations with England and Russia?
Wilhelm
an aggressive German kaiser, World War I
Wilhelm
President of the US
Wilson
the United States President during World War I
Wilson
Why were they worried about the railroad?
because it would interfere with English trade with the Near East and India.
The German defeat was hastened by the what?
collapse of German allies
What was the significance of the German March across the Belgium?
it is the event that brought Great Britain into World war I
What was characterized by trench warfare and naval blockades?
stalemate of 1916
In the 1905 Revolution, the police and military authorities were in support of who?
the Czar
An event which favored the German position in 1917-19
the Russian withdrawal
What restored the balance of power in Europe?
the formation to the Triple Entente
