Zoology Ch 11
The class Solenogastres is similar to the class Caudofoveata except that members of the class Solenogastres usually lack [ ] and true [ ].
Blank 1: radulas or shells Blank 2: gills
The class ______ is made up of small burrowing molluscs that have scalelike spicules on the body wall instead of being surrounded by a shell. Multiple choice question. Caudofoveata Polyplacophora Golenogastres Monoplacophora
Caudofoveata
Members of the class ______ are marine molluscs with a slender body covered with mantle and a tubular shell. Multiple choice question. Monoplacophora Scaphopoda Cephalopoda Gastropoda
Scaphopoda
True or false: A gland in the gastropod visceral mass secretes enzymes and acid to the stomach to facilitate digestion. True false question.
False
Which statements concerning gastropod locomotion are accurate? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Large gastropods use muscular contractions for movement The gastropod foot has sensory receptors involved in reproduction The foot of a gastropod is often ciliated The gastropod foot can be modified in some groups for clinging or swimming
Large gastropods use muscular contractions for movement The foot of a gastropod is often ciliated The gastropod foot can be modified in some groups for clinging or swimming
Tusk shells and tooth shells are marine molluscs in the class [ ]
Scaphopoda
The class ______ is a small group of bottom-dwelling marine organisms that lack a shell and usually lack both a radula and true gills as well. Multiple choice question. Monoplacophora Polyplacophora Caudofoveata Solenogastres
Solenogastres
True of False: members of gastropoda may be intermediate hosts for some trematode parasites that impact humans.
True
Which statements given below accurately represent bivalve gas exchange?
Water exists bivalves through the suprabranchial chamber Blood and water are in close proximity when water is in water tubes
Which statements given below accurately describe the function of the siphon found in cephalopods? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. The siphon is the end of the digestive system and is used to remove undigested food waste Water is forced from the siphon, and muscles attached to the siphon allow the animal to control the direction of the siphon Radial and circular muscles, found in the mantle of cephalopods, help to control water movements for the siphon Circular muscle contraction decreases mantle cavity volume and closes valves to prevent water escape
Water is forced from the siphon, and muscles attached to the siphon allow the animal to control the direction of the siphon Radial and circular muscles, found in the mantle of cephalopods, help to control water movements for the siphon Circular muscle contraction decreases mantle cavity volume and closes valves to prevent water escape
The cephalopod circulatory system has multiple contractile components, including branchial hearts that feed the [ ] and a heart that has two auricles and one [ ]
gills ventricle
The pulmonates have lost their gills but a vascularized ______ now serves as a lung. Multiple choice question. mantle cavity visceral mass head-foot
mantle cavity
Following bivalve fertilization, the stages of development are [ ] larvae
trochophore, veliger
Following bivalve fertilization, the stages of development are ______ larvae followed by ______ larvae. Multiple choice question. veliger, trochophore adult, juvenile trochophore, veliger juvenile, adult
trochophore, veliger
______ have an internal shell laid down in thin layers, leaving small, gas-filled spaces that provide buoyancy. Multiple choice question. Nautiluses Cuttlefish Squid
cuttlefish
Bivalves are laterally compressed, with the two shells hinged at the [ ] margin.
dorsal
True or false: Gills of most bivalves are modified to also allow for filter feeding
True
Cephalopods have beaklike structures called [ ] for tearing food and a [ ] for rasping food and forcing it into the mouth.
jaws radula
Gastropoda, the largest class of molluscs, has members that occupy which habitats? Multiple choice question. Freshwater and terrestrial but not marine Marine and terrestrial but not freshwater Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial Marine and freshwater but not terrestrial
Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial
With over 65,000 species, the class [ ] is the largest class of molluscs.
Gastropoda
Which of the following descriptions of the radula is correct? Multiple choice question. Muscle moves the odontophore back and forth over the radula and scraped food moves posteriorly to the digestive tract Muscle moves the radula back and forth over the odontophore and scraped food moves posteriorly to the digestive tract Muscle moves the radula back and forth over the odontophore and scraped food moves laterally to the digestive tract Muscle moves the odontophore back and forth over the radula and scraped food moves anteriorly to the digestive tract
Muscle moves the radula back and forth over the odontophore and scraped food moves posteriorly to the digestive tract
In bivalves, gas exchange occurs through ______-covered gills that form folded sheets. Multiple choice question. mantle radula cilia lamellae
cilia
Descriptions of the earliest members of the Mollusca group would likely NOT include which of the following features? Multiple choice question. Mantle, muscular foot Shell, siphon Shell, muscular foot Shell, mantle
Shell, muscular foot
he closed circulatory system of cephalopods acts to [ ] blood pressure, which is needed in highly active predatory animals.
increase
Gastropods have a(n) [ ] circulatory system where blood directly bathes cells.
open
Most molluscs have a(n) [ ] circulatory system with a pumping heart, blood vessels, and blood sinuses.
open
In most [ ] the shell has been
squid
Male cephalopods use a modified ______ called a hectocotylus to deliver the spermatophores into the mantle cavity of the female. Multiple choice question. tentacle penis gonad
tentacle
Bivalves contain [ ] pairs of interconnected ganglia.
three or 3
The body of the mollusc has two gen
visceral
The class Caudofoveata contains about ______ species. Multiple choice question. 1200 420 20 150
150
The fossil record demonstrates that the phylum Mollusca is at least [ ] million years old and is an excellent example of [ ] radiation
500 Or five hundred adaptive
Which are members of the Lophotrochozoa? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Arthropods Molluscs Echinoderms Annelids
Annelids Molluscs
What are the component parts of the cephalopod circulatory system? Multiple choice question. Veins, capillary beds, heart, no arteries Arteries, veins, capillary beds, heart Arteries, veins, heart, no capillary beds Arteries, veins, capillary beds, no heart
Arteries, veins, capillary beds, heart
Which accurately describes a typical mollusc? Multiple choice question. Radially symmetrical, reduced coelom, presence of a radula Radially symmetrical, enlarged coelom, absence of a radula Bilaterally symmetrical, enlarged coelom, absence of a radula Bilaterally symmetrical, reduced coelom, presence of a radula
Bilaterally symmetrical, reduced coelom, presence of a radula
[ ] live in most aquatic environments because they can burrow into the substrate or attach to submerged wood, coral, or limestone.
Bivalves
[ ] are the second most abundant gastropod group and include clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops
Bivalves OR Bivalvia
Which statements concerning bivalve diversity are accurate? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Bivalves that burrow can bore into wood, coral, and limestone through cementation or byssal thread secretions Bivalves that burrow can bore into wood, coral, and limestone Surface-dwelling bivalves attach to their substrates by byssal threads Mussels use byssal threads and oysters use adhesive from a byssal gland to attach to their substrates
Bivalves that burrow can bore into wood, coral, and limestone Surface-dwelling bivalves attach to their substrates by byssal threads Mussels use byssal threads and oysters use adhesive from a byssal gland to attach to their substrates
Gastropod feeding strategies can be described as which of the following? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Can be carnivores Can be autotrophic Can be parasites Can be herbivores Can be scavengers
Can be carnivores Can be parasites Can be herbivores Can be scavengers
Molluscs in class [ ] are comprised of marine predators, with the anterior margin
Cephalopoda
Which of the following describe the complex nervous systems found in cephalopods? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Cephalopods have been trained to move through mazes Cephalopod memories are thought to last for multiple years Cephalopods can learn human commands, as dogs do Cephalopods can distinguish shapes, sizes, and patterns in objects
Cephalopods have been trained to move through mazes Cephalopods can distinguish shapes, sizes, and patterns in objects
Which of the following general statements concerning molluscs are true? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Cephalopods have rapid locomotion, complex sensory structures, and tearing mouthparts Cephalopods are abundant members of ocean communities Molluscs have a coelom, a body cavity that comes from the mesoderm developmentally and that contains the brain and eyes Some members of the mollusc taxa are excellent predators
Cephalopods have rapid locomotion, complex sensory structures, and tearing mouthparts Some members of the mollusc taxa are excellent predators
Members of the class ______, which until the 1950s were thought to be extinct, are small with an undivided arched shell and a broad, flat foot. Multiple choice question. Polyplacophora Solenogastres Monoplacophora Caudofoveata
Monoplacophora
All cephalopods use sight to locate prey but then use unique strategies for capturing and killing prey. Which statement below is accurate? Multiple choice question. Octopuses are nocturnal predators that feed on snails, fishes, and crustaceans Cuttlefish feed on fish and kill by biting across the back of the head Squid inject poison into their prey Cuttlefish and squid feed on small invertebrates
Octopuses are nocturnal predators that feed on snails, fishes, and crustaceans
The radula sits above a fleshy
Odontophore
The ancestral form of gastropod shells involved coiling in how many planes? Multiple choice question. Two One No ancestral coiling has been documented
One
Which description of the mollusc heart is most accurate? Multiple choice question. One ventricle, two auricles Two ventricles, one auricle Two ventricles, one atria One ventricle, two atria
One ventricle, two auricles
Molluscs called chitons belong to the class ______. Multiple choice question. Monoplacophora Polyplacophora Caudofoveata Gastropoda
Polyplacophora
Select all of the characteristics of molluscs in the class Cephalopoda. Multiple select question. Funnel formed from the foot Suspension feeders Tentacles All marine Two valves (shells) Predators
Tentacles All marine Predators Funnel formed from the floor
Which statement concerning the bivalve nervous system is accurate? Multiple choice question. The ganglia are associated with the esophagus, foot, and posterior adductor muscle All bivalves have complex eyes with a lens and cornea present The principal sense organ is found within the visceral mass The principal sense organ is in the foot where sensory tentacles are always found
The ganglia are associated with the esophagus, foot
Which statements below are accurate? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. The visceral mass contains the sensory structures The head-foot contains the mouth and sensory structures The head-foot contains the means of attachment and locomotion The visceral mass contains the organs of reproduction, digestion, and excretion, among others
The head-foot contains the mouth and sensory structures The visceral mass contains the organs of reproduction, digestion, and excretion, among others The head-foot contains the means of attachment and locomotion
In cephalopods, miniature [ ] hat
adults
The shells of cephalopods have gas-filled spaces that increase [ ] for the animal
buoyancy
The gastropod [ ] is associated with gastropod locomotion
foot OR head-foot
Some members of the [ ] group have larger brains, relative to body size, than any other invertebrates, fish, or amphibians.
cephalopod OR Cephalopoda
The class Polyplacophora contains molluscs called ______. Multiple choice question. bivalves limpets nautiluses chitons
chitons
Shell [ ] in modern gastropods is asymmetrical, which results in less room for organs on one side of the visceral mass.
coiling
Monoplacophorans are [ ], having both male and female members in a species, but nothing is known about their embryology.
dioecious
If marine snails are dioecious then the gametes are released to the water for [ ] fertilization.
external
Most bivalves exhibit [ ] fertilization, which takes place in the water.
external
Of the two main body regions found in a mollusc, the [ ] contains the sensory structures and the means of locomotion and attachment. head foot head-foot visceral mass
head-foot
Molluscs and annelids are both animal groups that are classified in the [ ] group.
lophotrochozoan
Members of phylum Mollusca are placed in the protostome subgroup, the ______, with the annelids and other phyla. Multiple choice question. deuterostomes ecdysozoans lophotrochozoans eukaryotes
lophotrochozoans
In general, cephalopods move by forcefully expelling water from the [ ] through the siphon ink sac stomach gills and stomach mantle cavity
mantle cavity
When snails are ______, having two types of gonad per animal, then internal cross-fertilization is used for reproduction. Multiple choice question. hermaphroditic asexual pulmonate monoecious
monoecious
Excretory efficiency in the cephalopods is high due to a close association of ______ and blood vessels. Multiple choice question. kidneys nephridia tissues gills
nephridia
[ ] are more sedentary animals but
octopus OR octopuses
The ______ is a proteinaceous or calcareous covering on the dorsal, posterior margin of the foot of some snails that offers additional protection. Multiple choice question. mantle shell foot operculum
operculum
Digestion in gastropods involves the movement of a mucoid mass called the [ ] into the stomach where it is rotated by cilia.
protostyle
The ______ include land and most freshwater snails and slugs. Multiple choice question. pulmonates opisthobranchs prosobranchs
pulmonates
The [ ] is a rasping structure that is found in almost all molluscs.
radula
Cephalopods have ______. Multiple choice question. both separate sexes and hermaphrodites only a hermaphrodite form separate sexes
separate sexes
The valves, or [ ], of bivalves are drawn together by muscles.
shell OR shells
In gastropod development, the relative positions of the gills, anus, and openings from excretory and reproductive systems all change in a process called [ ]
torsion
Molluscs have three shell layers, a characteristic that is called [ ]
triploblastic
Members of the class Bivalvia have ______ valve(s). Multiple choice question. two zero three one
two