Zoology Ch 11

The class Solenogastres is similar to the class Caudofoveata except that members of the class Solenogastres usually lack [ ] and true [ ].

Blank 1: radulas or shells Blank 2: gills

The class ______ is made up of small burrowing molluscs that have scalelike spicules on the body wall instead of being surrounded by a shell. Multiple choice question. Caudofoveata Polyplacophora Golenogastres Monoplacophora

Caudofoveata

Members of the class ______ are marine molluscs with a slender body covered with mantle and a tubular shell. Multiple choice question. Monoplacophora Scaphopoda Cephalopoda Gastropoda

Scaphopoda

True or false: A gland in the gastropod visceral mass secretes enzymes and acid to the stomach to facilitate digestion. True false question.

False

Which statements concerning gastropod locomotion are accurate? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Large gastropods use muscular contractions for movement The gastropod foot has sensory receptors involved in reproduction The foot of a gastropod is often ciliated The gastropod foot can be modified in some groups for clinging or swimming

Large gastropods use muscular contractions for movement The foot of a gastropod is often ciliated The gastropod foot can be modified in some groups for clinging or swimming

Tusk shells and tooth shells are marine molluscs in the class [ ]

Scaphopoda

The class ______ is a small group of bottom-dwelling marine organisms that lack a shell and usually lack both a radula and true gills as well. Multiple choice question. Monoplacophora Polyplacophora Caudofoveata Solenogastres

Solenogastres

True of False: members of gastropoda may be intermediate hosts for some trematode parasites that impact humans.

True

Which statements given below accurately represent bivalve gas exchange?

Water exists bivalves through the suprabranchial chamber Blood and water are in close proximity when water is in water tubes

Which statements given below accurately describe the function of the siphon found in cephalopods? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. The siphon is the end of the digestive system and is used to remove undigested food waste Water is forced from the siphon, and muscles attached to the siphon allow the animal to control the direction of the siphon Radial and circular muscles, found in the mantle of cephalopods, help to control water movements for the siphon Circular muscle contraction decreases mantle cavity volume and closes valves to prevent water escape

Water is forced from the siphon, and muscles attached to the siphon allow the animal to control the direction of the siphon Radial and circular muscles, found in the mantle of cephalopods, help to control water movements for the siphon Circular muscle contraction decreases mantle cavity volume and closes valves to prevent water escape

The cephalopod circulatory system has multiple contractile components, including branchial hearts that feed the [ ] and a heart that has two auricles and one [ ]

gills ventricle

The pulmonates have lost their gills but a vascularized ______ now serves as a lung. Multiple choice question. mantle cavity visceral mass head-foot

mantle cavity

Following bivalve fertilization, the stages of development are [ ] larvae

trochophore, veliger

Following bivalve fertilization, the stages of development are ______ larvae followed by ______ larvae. Multiple choice question. veliger, trochophore adult, juvenile trochophore, veliger juvenile, adult

trochophore, veliger

______ have an internal shell laid down in thin layers, leaving small, gas-filled spaces that provide buoyancy. Multiple choice question. Nautiluses Cuttlefish Squid

cuttlefish

Bivalves are laterally compressed, with the two shells hinged at the [ ] margin.

dorsal

True or false: Gills of most bivalves are modified to also allow for filter feeding

True

Cephalopods have beaklike structures called [ ] for tearing food and a [ ] for rasping food and forcing it into the mouth.

jaws radula

Gastropoda, the largest class of molluscs, has members that occupy which habitats? Multiple choice question. Freshwater and terrestrial but not marine Marine and terrestrial but not freshwater Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial Marine and freshwater but not terrestrial

Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial

With over 65,000 species, the class [ ] is the largest class of molluscs.

Gastropoda

Which of the following descriptions of the radula is correct? Multiple choice question. Muscle moves the odontophore back and forth over the radula and scraped food moves posteriorly to the digestive tract Muscle moves the radula back and forth over the odontophore and scraped food moves posteriorly to the digestive tract Muscle moves the radula back and forth over the odontophore and scraped food moves laterally to the digestive tract Muscle moves the odontophore back and forth over the radula and scraped food moves anteriorly to the digestive tract

Muscle moves the radula back and forth over the odontophore and scraped food moves posteriorly to the digestive tract

In bivalves, gas exchange occurs through ______-covered gills that form folded sheets. Multiple choice question. mantle radula cilia lamellae

cilia

Descriptions of the earliest members of the Mollusca group would likely NOT include which of the following features? Multiple choice question. Mantle, muscular foot Shell, siphon Shell, muscular foot Shell, mantle

Shell, muscular foot

he closed circulatory system of cephalopods acts to [ ] blood pressure, which is needed in highly active predatory animals.

increase

Gastropods have a(n) [ ] circulatory system where blood directly bathes cells.

open

Most molluscs have a(n) [ ] circulatory system with a pumping heart, blood vessels, and blood sinuses.

open

In most [ ] the shell has been

squid

Male cephalopods use a modified ______ called a hectocotylus to deliver the spermatophores into the mantle cavity of the female. Multiple choice question. tentacle penis gonad

tentacle

Bivalves contain [ ] pairs of interconnected ganglia.

three or 3

The body of the mollusc has two gen

visceral

The class Caudofoveata contains about ______ species. Multiple choice question. 1200 420 20 150

150

The fossil record demonstrates that the phylum Mollusca is at least [ ] million years old and is an excellent example of [ ] radiation

500 Or five hundred adaptive

Which are members of the Lophotrochozoa? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Arthropods Molluscs Echinoderms Annelids

Annelids Molluscs

What are the component parts of the cephalopod circulatory system? Multiple choice question. Veins, capillary beds, heart, no arteries Arteries, veins, capillary beds, heart Arteries, veins, heart, no capillary beds Arteries, veins, capillary beds, no heart

Arteries, veins, capillary beds, heart

Which accurately describes a typical mollusc? Multiple choice question. Radially symmetrical, reduced coelom, presence of a radula Radially symmetrical, enlarged coelom, absence of a radula Bilaterally symmetrical, enlarged coelom, absence of a radula Bilaterally symmetrical, reduced coelom, presence of a radula

Bilaterally symmetrical, reduced coelom, presence of a radula

[ ] live in most aquatic environments because they can burrow into the substrate or attach to submerged wood, coral, or limestone.

Bivalves

[ ] are the second most abundant gastropod group and include clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops

Bivalves OR Bivalvia

Which statements concerning bivalve diversity are accurate? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Bivalves that burrow can bore into wood, coral, and limestone through cementation or byssal thread secretions Bivalves that burrow can bore into wood, coral, and limestone Surface-dwelling bivalves attach to their substrates by byssal threads Mussels use byssal threads and oysters use adhesive from a byssal gland to attach to their substrates

Bivalves that burrow can bore into wood, coral, and limestone Surface-dwelling bivalves attach to their substrates by byssal threads Mussels use byssal threads and oysters use adhesive from a byssal gland to attach to their substrates

Gastropod feeding strategies can be described as which of the following? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Can be carnivores Can be autotrophic Can be parasites Can be herbivores Can be scavengers

Can be carnivores Can be parasites Can be herbivores Can be scavengers

Molluscs in class [ ] are comprised of marine predators, with the anterior margin

Cephalopoda

Which of the following describe the complex nervous systems found in cephalopods? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Cephalopods have been trained to move through mazes Cephalopod memories are thought to last for multiple years Cephalopods can learn human commands, as dogs do Cephalopods can distinguish shapes, sizes, and patterns in objects

Cephalopods have been trained to move through mazes Cephalopods can distinguish shapes, sizes, and patterns in objects

Which of the following general statements concerning molluscs are true? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. Cephalopods have rapid locomotion, complex sensory structures, and tearing mouthparts Cephalopods are abundant members of ocean communities Molluscs have a coelom, a body cavity that comes from the mesoderm developmentally and that contains the brain and eyes Some members of the mollusc taxa are excellent predators

Cephalopods have rapid locomotion, complex sensory structures, and tearing mouthparts Some members of the mollusc taxa are excellent predators

Members of the class ______, which until the 1950s were thought to be extinct, are small with an undivided arched shell and a broad, flat foot. Multiple choice question. Polyplacophora Solenogastres Monoplacophora Caudofoveata

Monoplacophora

All cephalopods use sight to locate prey but then use unique strategies for capturing and killing prey. Which statement below is accurate? Multiple choice question. Octopuses are nocturnal predators that feed on snails, fishes, and crustaceans Cuttlefish feed on fish and kill by biting across the back of the head Squid inject poison into their prey Cuttlefish and squid feed on small invertebrates

Octopuses are nocturnal predators that feed on snails, fishes, and crustaceans

The radula sits above a fleshy

Odontophore

The ancestral form of gastropod shells involved coiling in how many planes? Multiple choice question. Two One No ancestral coiling has been documented

One

Which description of the mollusc heart is most accurate? Multiple choice question. One ventricle, two auricles Two ventricles, one auricle Two ventricles, one atria One ventricle, two atria

One ventricle, two auricles

Molluscs called chitons belong to the class ______. Multiple choice question. Monoplacophora Polyplacophora Caudofoveata Gastropoda

Polyplacophora

Select all of the characteristics of molluscs in the class Cephalopoda. Multiple select question. Funnel formed from the foot Suspension feeders Tentacles All marine Two valves (shells) Predators

Tentacles All marine Predators Funnel formed from the floor

Which statement concerning the bivalve nervous system is accurate? Multiple choice question. The ganglia are associated with the esophagus, foot, and posterior adductor muscle All bivalves have complex eyes with a lens and cornea present The principal sense organ is found within the visceral mass The principal sense organ is in the foot where sensory tentacles are always found

The ganglia are associated with the esophagus, foot

Which statements below are accurate? Choose all that apply. Multiple select question. The visceral mass contains the sensory structures The head-foot contains the mouth and sensory structures The head-foot contains the means of attachment and locomotion The visceral mass contains the organs of reproduction, digestion, and excretion, among others

The head-foot contains the mouth and sensory structures The visceral mass contains the organs of reproduction, digestion, and excretion, among others The head-foot contains the means of attachment and locomotion

In cephalopods, miniature [ ] hat

adults

The shells of cephalopods have gas-filled spaces that increase [ ] for the animal

buoyancy

The gastropod [ ] is associated with gastropod locomotion

foot OR head-foot

Some members of the [ ] group have larger brains, relative to body size, than any other invertebrates, fish, or amphibians.

cephalopod OR Cephalopoda

The class Polyplacophora contains molluscs called ______. Multiple choice question. bivalves limpets nautiluses chitons

chitons

Shell [ ] in modern gastropods is asymmetrical, which results in less room for organs on one side of the visceral mass.

coiling

Monoplacophorans are [ ], having both male and female members in a species, but nothing is known about their embryology.

dioecious

If marine snails are dioecious then the gametes are released to the water for [ ] fertilization.

external

Most bivalves exhibit [ ] fertilization, which takes place in the water.

external

Of the two main body regions found in a mollusc, the [ ] contains the sensory structures and the means of locomotion and attachment. head foot head-foot visceral mass

head-foot

Molluscs and annelids are both animal groups that are classified in the [ ] group.

lophotrochozoan

Members of phylum Mollusca are placed in the protostome subgroup, the ______, with the annelids and other phyla. Multiple choice question. deuterostomes ecdysozoans lophotrochozoans eukaryotes

lophotrochozoans

In general, cephalopods move by forcefully expelling water from the [ ] through the siphon ink sac stomach gills and stomach mantle cavity

mantle cavity

When snails are ______, having two types of gonad per animal, then internal cross-fertilization is used for reproduction. Multiple choice question. hermaphroditic asexual pulmonate monoecious

monoecious

Excretory efficiency in the cephalopods is high due to a close association of ______ and blood vessels. Multiple choice question. kidneys nephridia tissues gills

nephridia

[ ] are more sedentary animals but

octopus OR octopuses

The ______ is a proteinaceous or calcareous covering on the dorsal, posterior margin of the foot of some snails that offers additional protection. Multiple choice question. mantle shell foot operculum

operculum

Digestion in gastropods involves the movement of a mucoid mass called the [ ] into the stomach where it is rotated by cilia.

protostyle

The ______ include land and most freshwater snails and slugs. Multiple choice question. pulmonates opisthobranchs prosobranchs

pulmonates

The [ ] is a rasping structure that is found in almost all molluscs.

radula

Cephalopods have ______. Multiple choice question. both separate sexes and hermaphrodites only a hermaphrodite form separate sexes

separate sexes

The valves, or [ ], of bivalves are drawn together by muscles.

shell OR shells

In gastropod development, the relative positions of the gills, anus, and openings from excretory and reproductive systems all change in a process called [ ]

torsion

Molluscs have three shell layers, a characteristic that is called [ ]

triploblastic

Members of the class Bivalvia have ______ valve(s). Multiple choice question. two zero three one

two