1st aid medical emergencies

angina

chest pain related to heart attack

ensure airway breathing and circulation

A boy has been found after being lost overnight in a wilderness area. He is confused and shivering and has skin that is cool to the touch. What is your first priority of care?

diabetes

A condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin, the hormone required for the metabolism of sugar

postictal state

A period following a seizure that lasts between 5 and 30 minutes; characterized by labored respirations and some degree of altered mental status.

activate EMS

Even though a person may feel better after a few minutes after a diabetic emergencies you should still ____

bite or sting

You are called to assist a coworker who is complaining of itchy skin dizziness and difficulty breathing. You should suspect:

heat stroke

Which one of the following is the most severe type of heat related emergency?

Altered mental status

Which one of the following is the one of the most common signs or symptoms of sudden illness?

hot water

___ relieves pain form jellies

medical emergency

a person who has epilepsy and has a generalized seizure it is not considered a _____

heat-related emergency

a person with an altered mental status exhaustion muscle cramps hot dry skin is most likely suffering from what condition

5

activate EMS if someone is having a seizure for more than ____ minutes

lie person down and apple cool towels or packs to arm pits neck and stomach

care for heat exhaustion

quickly cool person by pouring or spraying water, fan, apply ice packs to persons neck groin and armpits, cover with wet sheet

care for heat exhaustion

hyperventilation, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, exposure to poison, allergic reation

common causes of respiratory distress

chest pain

common symptom of a heart attack

induce vomiting, give water, milk, activated charcoal or syrup of ipecac

do not ____ when dealing with poisoning unless told to do so

wash with vinegar

for jelly stings:

immobilize limb and elevate

for snake bites:

diabetic coma

gradual onset, skin is flushed dry and war, fruity breath, severe thirst, frequent urination, altered mental status

tripod positon

hands on knees and shoulders held high (either sitting or standing)

asthma

hard to breath because inflamed bronchial tubes

cardiac arrest

heart stops pumping blood

medical emergency

hyperventilation caused by anxiety is not a ____

respiratory compromise

inability to breath adequately (one of the scariest emergencies that anyone can experience)

type 1

insulin dependent, juvenile onset, pancreas doesn't produce insulin, requires external insulin to allow sugar to pass from the blood to cells

emergency medication

insulin is not an

generalized seizure

loss of consciousness and uncontrolled muscle contractions

convulsions

muscle contractions appear as if sudden stiffening of the whole body

type 2

non insulin dependent, adult onset, body does not produce enough insulin or cells ignore it, associated with poor diet lack of exercise and being overweight

16-32

normal breathing rate for (per min) a child

12-24

normal breathing rate for (per min) an adult

24-48

normal breathing rate for (per min) an infant

not too shallow or deep

normal depth for breathe

hypothermia

overexposure to cold temperatures

ingestion, injections, absorption, inhalation

poison can enter the body through ____

excretion

poisons can enter the body in all of the following ways except: ingestion, excretion, absorption, inhalation

minimize the chance of person harming themselves, move objects, place something soft under head

priorities of care for a seizure

remove from cold environment slowly warm

priorities of care for cold related emergencies

give person something to eat or drink, taking small sips to prevent choking

priorities of care for diabetic emergency

ice

putting ___ on a bite or sting can slow venom absorption

heat exhaustion

same signs and symptoms of heat stroke minus the altered mental status. less severe

Dyspnea

shortness of breath

swelling of lips, eyelids, throat, tongue, extreme difficulty breathing, coughing/ wheezing, altered mental status, anxiety, hives/ itching and nausae

signs and symptoms of Anaphylaxus

altered mental state, pale moist skin, irritable, sweet or fruity smell on breath, unresponsivness

signs and symptoms of a diabetic medical emergency

sudden change in mental status, headache, vision problems, slurred speech, facial droop, paralysis of one side

signs and symptoms of a stroke

noticeable sting or bite mark, itching of the skin, difficulty breathing, altered mental status, hives, dizziness, nausea

signs and symptoms of bites and stings

cool skin temp, shivering, altered mental status, loss of coordination, decreasing motor and sensory functions

signs and symptoms of cold related emergencies

chest pain, pressure/ heaviness on chest, radiating pain, pale moist skin, sweating, shortness of breath

signs and symptoms of heart attack

altered mental status, hot moist or dry skin, weakness or exhaustion, muscle cramps, dizziness

signs and symptoms of heat stroke

altered mental status, convulsions, difficulty breathing, shallow respiration, burns around mouth

signs and symptoms of poisoning

labored breathing, increased breathing rate, noisy breathing, anxiety, use of accessory muscles, cyanosis

signs and symptoms of respiratory compromise

bronchioles

smaller airways

time sensitive

strokes are ____ ____

insulin shock

sudden onset, appears intoxicated, pale clammy skin, angry or confused, sudden hunger

asprin

taking an ____ can be life saving during a heart attack

cyanosis

the bluish color of skin caused by lack of oxygen to the tissue is called

insulin

the hormone released by pancreas and allows glucose to enter cells

hypocarbia (hypocapnia)

too little CO2 in blood

hypercarbia (hypercapnia)

too much CO2 in blood

hyperventilation

when a person breathes of and eliminates excess amount of carbon dioxide(hypercarbia)

clear airway, restrain

when a person is having a seizure do no ____, ____ (a person can not swallow their tongue)

brain attack (stroke)

when blood flow to a portion of the brain is interrupted caused by a rupture or a blockage. Can happen suddenly or a person may happen severe headache

heart attack

when blood flow to the heart muscle is interrupted enough to cause muscle damage

give them anything to eat or drink, re-warm if there is chance of refreezing, rub or massage, give alcohol

when dealing with cold related emergencies do not

heat stroke

when normal cooling mechanisms of the body are unable to keep the body cool. Body temp exceeds 105, life threatening

seizures

when normal electrical activity in the brain is interrupted it can cause

frostbite

when tissues of the skin become frozen

alveoli

where exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place

insulin

which one of the following is a hormone required to ensure that cells can properly utilize sugar for energy?

open airway

which one of the following is your primary concern for a person with an altered mental status? Open airway, safe environment, complete medical history, adequate assessment