2nd Test #1 Study Guide

a.) Briefly explain ONE implication for public policy of John Muir's view on land use. b.) Briefly explain ONE way in which an implication for public policy of Theodore Roosevelt's view contrasts with the implication for public policy of Muir's view. c.) Identify ONE specific example of land use policy in the United States from 1890 to 1945 and briefly explain how the example is consistent with the view of either Muir or Roosevelt.

a) -Muir: natural land/resources not to be used for business/logging -public policy created national parks, like Yellowstone, that preserves public land from civilization b) -Roosevelt: no destroying land but yes to using it wisely -public policy created national forests, which unlike nat. parks, have multiple mandated uses -> Roosevelt created National Forest Service c) 1906 Antiquities Act is preservation act that allows gov to protect cultural and nat. resources of historic or science interests by claiming them nat. monuments -> in line w/ Muir's preservation

a) Theodore Roosevelt changed his stand on women's suffrage from his presidency to the election of 1912. Explain the differences in his views and what the possible causes were for the change. b) Explain what caused the creation of the Progressive party in 1912 c) Explain what effect the Bull Moose Party had on the election of 1912.

a) -as prez TR didn't regard suffrage as important -During 1912 election he and Bull Moose Party embraced suffrage -He sees West country can vote and wants more votes from half the vote. Also needs to contrast Taft and Wilson who did not believe in federal suffrage at first. b) Roosevelt didn't get Republican nomination so Progressive Party allowed him to run. Platform was anti-trusts, corruption, and drinking. c)vision of America as a modern welfare state; led to a split in the Republican support during the election of 1912, leading to Woodrow Wilson's win.

a) Briefly explain ONE major difference between Josephson's and Brands's historical interpretations of business leaders who rose to prominence between 1865 and 1900. b) Briefly explain how ONE person, event, or development from the period 1865-1900 that is not explicitly mentioned in the excerpts could be used to support Josephson's interpretation. c) Briefly explain how ONE person, event, or development from the period 1865-1900 that is not explicitly mentioned in the excerpts could be used to support Brands's interpretation.

a) -captains of industry are immoral but able to make industry and economy more efficient through immorality. -Brands argues self-interest of these captains were beneficial to both buyers and sellers b) - Josephson: Andrew Carnegie who expanded US steel, but did not treat workers right -> Homestead Strike where 100s of steel workers wanted pay increase and many were injured after militias brought in. c) - industrial leaders and US econ modernization led to increased industry output -> greater GDP and jobs and immigration

a) Briefly explain Howard Zinn's point of view on the issue of American involvement in World War I. b) Briefly explain how ONE example from the time period 1912-1917, NOT mentioned in the excerpt could be used to support Zinn's argument. c) Briefly explain how ONE example from the time period 1912-1917, NOT mentioned in the excerpt could be used to challenge Zinn's argument.

a) America in WWI not neutral in war b/c of money b) 1915 and 1916, during neutrality, US had exports worth at least 1000x more than Germany to Britain, France, and Italy. Shows economic support for Allies c) Zimmerman telegram shows Germany wanted to team up w/ Mex against US help them gain land. US prob joined b/c of this threat

a) Briefly explain the point of view expressed through the political cartoon about ONE of the following: ● Corporations ● Government ● Political Power b) Briefly explain ONE justification used by big business to support their tactics between 1877-1898. c) Briefly explain how the American public reacted to the rise of big business between 1877-1898.

a) Gov: under hand of big biz/trusts. Senate were polit. corrupt and accepted bribes for votes on bills b) Social Darwinism: applied theory of evo to humans saying those who succeed deserve to survive and thrive c) organized unions to protect workers; the Knights of Labor gathered diverse workers and helped demands for econ regulation and control

a) Briefly explain the point of view expressed by the cartoon b) Briefly explain one event during the presidency of Woodrow Wilson that supported the point of view expressed by the artist. c) Briefly explain ONE difference or similarity between the policies of Wilson and either Theodore Roosevelt or William Howard Taft.

a) Latin countries shown are lesser than America and don't know how to govern; Wilson trying to teach them but unsuccessful shown by Mexico pamphlet b) Mexican Rev: tried to stop Victoriano Huerta after he killed Francisco Madero b/c we wanted dem prez; Mex thought we were invaders and 100 Mex and 19 America killed c) -Wilson Moral Diplomacy wanted to intervene in countries for moral purposes to spread dem and freedom -Roosevelt Corollary Diplomacy believed in military intervention; but Moral Diplomacy led to more milit. intervention

a) Briefly describe ONE perspective expressed by the artist about the role of government in society. b) Briefly explain how ONE event or development led to the historical situation depicted in the image. c) Briefly explain ONE specific outcome of Progressive Era debates about the role of government in society.

a) artist expresses gov protects consumers and needs to take hold of investigative muck-raking, which can stir up trouble b) Roosevelt pushed for 1906 Meat Inspection Act, where gov inspect factories and prevents meat scandals exposed by muckrakers (like Upton Sinclair) and protect consumers c) 17th amendment -> direct and public election of senators, rather than their appointment by state legislatures -> from belief in power for the people