#3 Ch. 5-6
Which of the following nutritional habits can increase susceptibility to a variety of diseases and health problems? a. High-salt diets. b. High-fat diets. c. Low-fiber diets. d. All of these.
All of these
Which of the following is NOT a source of self-efficacy? a. Mastering new skills. b. Vicarious experiences. c. Encouragement from others. d. Comparison to others.
Comparison to others.
_______________ is a sense of grandiose self-importance. a. Self-esteem b. Narcissism c. Individualism d. Self-efficacy
Narcissism
_____________ is a collection of processes through which an organism utilizes the materials required for survival and growth. a. Biopsychology b. Nutrition c. Acculturation d. Mitochondria
Nutrition
Amy believes that she is outgoing and fun to be around. This belief is most likely to change under which of the following conditions? a. She takes a class in psychology. b. She leaves college to take a job in another state. c. Her parents tell her that she is actually quite shy. d. She reads a book that explains outgoing people are not as likely to have friends as more reserved people.
She leaves college to take a job in another state.
The tendency to attribute our success to our own efforts and failures to the situation is called self-serving bias. a. True. b. False.
True
Marijuana, hashish, and THC are all derived from a. opium. b. cannabis. c. the peyote cactus. d. Central American mushrooms.
cannabis.
A spontaneous, vivid recurrence of a previous drug-induced experience is called a(n) a. overdose. b. flashback. c. hallucination. d. psychotic episode.
flashback
High caffeine consumption is likely to elevate one's risk for a. depression. b. hypertension. c. prostate cancer. d. all of these.
hypertension
Mainstream American culture would most accurately be described as a. collectivistic. b. humanistic. c. individualistic. d. behavioristic.
individualistic.
One likely explanation for people's tendency to act in self-destructive ways is that a. people have an innate desire for sensation-seeking. b. most people tend to believe that bad things happen to bad people. c. many health-impairing habits involve activities that are quite pleasant at the time. d. people engage in health-impairing behavior "on the spur of the moment," without giving much thought to the consequences.
many health-impairing habits involve activities that are quite pleasant at the time.
A mismatching of self-perceptions is termed a. ideal self. b. self-discrepancy. c. self-complexity. d. self-awareness.
self-discrepancy
If you use self-control resources by resisting temptation in a given situation, a. you are more likely to resist temptation in the future. b. you may have a hard time resisting the next temptation. c. you are more likely to be able to persist at a new and difficult task. d. you may have difficulty showing empathy for those who exhibit poor self-control.
you may have a hard time resisting the next temptation.
Which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with the Type B personality? a. Impatient. b. Easy-going. c. Competitive. d. Time-conscious.
Easy-going.
Everyone possesses a self-assessment, which consists of a person's beliefs. a. True. b. False.
False
Taken together, research on stress and physical health can be BEST summarized by which of the following statements? a. Stress causes poor physical health. b. A genetic predisposition causes some people to be more stressed than others. c. Some people have the cognitive tendency to be more stressed than others. d. Links between high stress and poor physical health can be explained by many third variables.
Links between high stress and poor physical health can be explained by many third variables.
Procrastination is considered a self-defeating behavior. a. True. b. False.
True.
Harry wants to lose 50 pounds. Most experts would recommend that he should a. sharply increase his exercise. b. sharply reduce his food intake. c. decrease his food intake and increase his exercise, both in moderate ways. d. sharply increase his exercise while simultaneously reducing his food intake dramatically.
decrease his food intake and increase his exercise, both in moderate ways.
Individuals reared in individualistic cultures are less likely than those from collectivistic cultures to perceive themselves as a. unique. b. self-contained. c. distinct from others. d. interdependent.
interdependent.
When a person must continue to take a drug in order to satisfy an intense emotional and mental craving, the person has developed a. abuse. b. tolerance. c. physical dependence. d. psychological dependence.
psychological dependence.
