A&P 2 online Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System 1: The Heart

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end-diastolic volume for each ventricle during rest is normally about:

120 ml

Stroke volume averages about:

70 ml per heartbeat

The right and left coronary arteries receive blood from the:

Aorta

Where should the left ventricle send blood?

Aorta

Which vessel supplies the systemic circuit with oxygenated blood?

Aorta

Which hormone decreases cardiac output by decreasing blood volume and preload?

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Predict the position of the valves when the ventricles contract

Both AV valves are forced shut while both semilunar valve's are forced open.

authorhythmicity is the responsibility of:

Cardiac pacemaker cells

The cusps of the atrioventricular valves attach directly to:

Chordae tendineae

Generally, coronary veins empty into a vessel known as the:

Coronary sinus

The right side of the heart receives:

Deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit

The visceral pericardium is also known as the _____________.

Epicardium

Which opening in the interatrial septum of the fetal heart connects the right and left atrium?

Foramen Ovale

The apex of the heart is _______________.

Inferior

What characteristic differentiates cardiac muscle cells from skeletal muscle cells

Intercalated discs

The cardiac chamber with the thickest wall is the __________________.

Left Ventricle

Blood returning from the lungs enters the ______________.

Left atrium

Which chamber experiences a maximum pressure of around 118 mm Hg during contraction?

Left ventricle

The heart is located in the _________________.

Mediastinum

The heart is situated in the middle of the thoracic cavity in a region known as the:

Mediastinum

What muscles, present in the ventricles, anchor by tendon-like chords called chordate tendineae?

Papillary muscles

The aortic valve closes when _______________.

Pressure in the left ventricle falls below aortic pressure

The AV valves close when _____________.

Pressure in the ventricles increases

What is the function of the valves in the heart?

Prevent backflow of blood through the heart

Blood that leaves the right ventricle enters the __________________.

Pulmonary Trunk

The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood into ______________

Pulmonary arteries

Which of the following does NOT return blood to the right atrium of the heart?

Pulmonary vein

Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated Blood?

Pulmonary vein

On an ECG, atrial repolarization is obscured by the:

QRS wave

Which wave on the ECG represents ventricular depolarization?

QRS wave

What valve presents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium?

Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)

The main pacemaker of the heart is the _____________.

SA node

The right and left atrium depolarize and contract following the arrival of the action potential from the:

Sinoatrial node

The volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one heartbeat is known as:

Stroke volume (SV)

Archie has a resting heart rate of 125 beats per minute. Classify his cardiac dysrhythmia.

Tachycardia

What best describes the frank-starling law?

The Frank-Starling law states that the more the ventricular muscle cells are stretched, the more forcefully they contract

Which two arteries arise from the right coronary artery?

The right marginal artery and the right posterior interventricular artery

What produces the "Lub dub" Heart sounds?

The vibrations of the ventricular and blood vessel walls when valves shut

Which cranial nerves have a negative chronotropic effect oh heart rate?

Vague nerves (CN X)

Both the left and the right atria receive blood from:

Veins

Blood from the systemic circuit returns to the heart via the ___________________.

Vena cavae

The chambers that have just emptied when the second heart sound is heard are the ______________.

Ventricles

The T wave of an ECG corresponds to _____________.

Ventricular repolarization

Which of the following decreases heart rate?

acetylcholine

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base?

pulmonary trunk

Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the:

tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle.


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