A&P 2 online Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System 1: The Heart
end-diastolic volume for each ventricle during rest is normally about:
120 ml
Stroke volume averages about:
70 ml per heartbeat
The right and left coronary arteries receive blood from the:
Aorta
Where should the left ventricle send blood?
Aorta
Which vessel supplies the systemic circuit with oxygenated blood?
Aorta
Which hormone decreases cardiac output by decreasing blood volume and preload?
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Predict the position of the valves when the ventricles contract
Both AV valves are forced shut while both semilunar valve's are forced open.
authorhythmicity is the responsibility of:
Cardiac pacemaker cells
The cusps of the atrioventricular valves attach directly to:
Chordae tendineae
Generally, coronary veins empty into a vessel known as the:
Coronary sinus
The right side of the heart receives:
Deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit
The visceral pericardium is also known as the _____________.
Epicardium
Which opening in the interatrial septum of the fetal heart connects the right and left atrium?
Foramen Ovale
The apex of the heart is _______________.
Inferior
What characteristic differentiates cardiac muscle cells from skeletal muscle cells
Intercalated discs
The cardiac chamber with the thickest wall is the __________________.
Left Ventricle
Blood returning from the lungs enters the ______________.
Left atrium
Which chamber experiences a maximum pressure of around 118 mm Hg during contraction?
Left ventricle
The heart is located in the _________________.
Mediastinum
The heart is situated in the middle of the thoracic cavity in a region known as the:
Mediastinum
What muscles, present in the ventricles, anchor by tendon-like chords called chordate tendineae?
Papillary muscles
The aortic valve closes when _______________.
Pressure in the left ventricle falls below aortic pressure
The AV valves close when _____________.
Pressure in the ventricles increases
What is the function of the valves in the heart?
Prevent backflow of blood through the heart
Blood that leaves the right ventricle enters the __________________.
Pulmonary Trunk
The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood into ______________
Pulmonary arteries
Which of the following does NOT return blood to the right atrium of the heart?
Pulmonary vein
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated Blood?
Pulmonary vein
On an ECG, atrial repolarization is obscured by the:
QRS wave
Which wave on the ECG represents ventricular depolarization?
QRS wave
What valve presents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium?
Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)
The main pacemaker of the heart is the _____________.
SA node
The right and left atrium depolarize and contract following the arrival of the action potential from the:
Sinoatrial node
The volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one heartbeat is known as:
Stroke volume (SV)
Archie has a resting heart rate of 125 beats per minute. Classify his cardiac dysrhythmia.
Tachycardia
What best describes the frank-starling law?
The Frank-Starling law states that the more the ventricular muscle cells are stretched, the more forcefully they contract
Which two arteries arise from the right coronary artery?
The right marginal artery and the right posterior interventricular artery
What produces the "Lub dub" Heart sounds?
The vibrations of the ventricular and blood vessel walls when valves shut
Which cranial nerves have a negative chronotropic effect oh heart rate?
Vague nerves (CN X)
Both the left and the right atria receive blood from:
Veins
Blood from the systemic circuit returns to the heart via the ___________________.
Vena cavae
The chambers that have just emptied when the second heart sound is heard are the ______________.
Ventricles
The T wave of an ECG corresponds to _____________.
Ventricular repolarization
Which of the following decreases heart rate?
acetylcholine
Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base?
pulmonary trunk
Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the:
tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle.
