A&P Chapter 6 - Integumentary System

third degree burn

a burn involving all layers of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue

dermal papillae

a fingerlike projection of the dermis that may contain blood capillaries or Meissner corpuscles (of touch) produce the fingerprint!

stratum lucidum

a layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers, palms, and soles

Stratum granulosum

a layer of the epidermis that marks the transition between the deeper, metabolically active strata and the dead cells of the more superficial strata contains melanocytes (keratohyalin)

stratum spinosum

a layer of the epidermis that provides strength and flexibility to the skin contains keratinocytes and dendritic cells (immune)

Hair bulb

a swelling at the base where hair originates in dermis only living hair cells are in or near bulb in the DERMAL layer

what is the most common type of skin cancer?

basal cell carcinoma

dermal papilla

bud of vascular connective tissue encased by bulb source of nutrition for the hair

melanocytes

cells that produce melanin

cuticle

composed of multiple layers of very thin, scaly cells that overlap each other

cortex

constitutes bulk of the hair several layers of elongated keratinized cells

medulla

core of loosely arranged cells and air spaces

eponychium

cuticle

stratum basale

deepest layer of epidermis single layer of stem cells and keratinocytes contain melanocytes and tactile cells mitosis occurs here

catagen

degeneration stage

the _____ contains: - blood vessels - sweat glands - sebaceous glands - nerve endings - hair follicles - nail roots - dermal papillae

dermis

What are the layers of the skin

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

the ______ is a common site of drug injection sine it has many blood vessels

hypodermis

What are the 3 types of hair

lanugo, vellus, terminal

terminal hair

longer, coarse, heavily pigmented, forms axillary and pubic hair male facial hair

mitosis in the _____ accounts for the growth of nails.

nail matrix

stratum corneum

outermost layer of epidermis - several layers of dead cells - resists abrasion, penetration, water loss

What are the 2 layers of the dermis

papillary and reticular

free edge

part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe

dendritic cells

specialized white blood cells that patrol the body searching for antigens that produce infections

Where are stem cells located in the epidermis?

stratum basale

What are the layers of the epidermis?

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Which 2 strata of the epidermis are most susceptible to cancer

stratum spinosum and stratum basale

pappilary layer

superficial layer of dermis. allows for mobility of leukocytes and other defense cells thin zone of areolar tissue

basement membrane

the wavy layer between the epidermis and the dermis

keratinocytes

The most abundant epidermal cells, they function mainly to produce keratin.

How many hairs do you lose a day?

50-100

second degree burn

A burn marked by pain, blistering, and superficial destruction of dermis with edema and hyperemia of the tissues beneath the burn.

Desmosomes

Anchoring junctions that prevent cells from being pulled apart

The dermis, a connective tissue layer, is composed mainly of ____.

Collagen

Reticular layer

Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients stretch marks (striae)

anagen

growth stage

Malignant melanoma

Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. Greatest risk factor: family hx highest incidence in men, redheads, and ppl who had severe sunburn as a child

Basal cell carcinoma

Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules. forms in the stratum basale beaded edges, shiny bump, central depression

acid mantle

Protective barrier of acidic lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin

telogen

Resting phase of hair growth

the ____ is the body's largest and heaviest organ.

Skin

first degree burn

Superficial burns through only the epidermis.

squamous cell carcinoma

Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. concave ulcer can metastasize to lymph

nail root

fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin

lanugo hair

fine, downy, unpigmented hair that appears on the fetus in the last 3 months of development

vellus hair

fine, pale hair that replaces lanugo by time of birth all the hair in children except eyebrows, eyelashes, and hair of the scalp

the most immediate threat to life of a patient with severe burns is_____

fluid loss

hair matrix

region of mitotically active cells immediately above papilla hair growth center

nail matrix

responsible for nail growth

oil on your scalp is secreted by ______ glands associated with the hair follicles.

sebaceous

tactile cells

sensory touch receptors

root of hair

the remainder of hair in the follicle

true/false people of different skin colors have the same number of melanocytes

true! darker skinned people produce greater quantities of melanin and their melanin breaks down more slowly

shaft

visible part of the hair

nail body

visible part of the nail